均相和非均相高级氧化技术处理水中有机污染物的研究

doi:10.7523/j.issn.2095-6134.2005.1.019

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

以UV/H₂O₂ 均相高级氧化技术及TiO₂ 光电催化非均相氧化技术为例，选择硝基苯、4 硝基苯酚、喹啉和活性艳橙K R等为目标化合物，对高级氧化技术处理水中有机污染物进行了研究。研究表明，UV/H₂O₂体系中产生的·OH是硝基苯、4 硝基苯酚和喹啉降解的直接原因，有机物的降解可用准一级动力学进行很好的描述。系统研究了溶液pH值、氧化剂浓度及水体中存在的常见无机阴离子如HCO₃^-、NO₃^- 、Cl^-等对有机物降解的影响，探讨了各有机物的降解途径。建立了一种新的三维光电填充床催化反应器，结果表明，三维电极的使用，可以显著提高有机物的光催化氧化效率。外加电压和溶液中NaCl对活性艳橙K R和喹啉的氧化起着促进作用，同时还研究了溶液酸度条件、空气流速及氧气对光电催化的影响。

关键词: 有机污染物, 高级氧化, UV/H2O2, 光电催化, 三维电极, 降解机理

Abstract:

Nitrobenzene , 42nitrophenol , quinoline and reactive brilliant orange K-R were chosen as the model compounds to study the degradation of organic pollutants by homogeneous advanced oxidation process , UV/H₂O₂, and heterogeneous advanced oxidation process , photoelectrocatalytic oxidation. It was found that hydroxyl radical generated by the decomposition of hydrogen peroxide under the UV irradiation was the direct reason that caused organic pollutants to degrade. The degradation of organic pollutants by UVPH-O2 process accorded well with the pseudo-first order kinetics. The effects of pH values , oxidant concentration and anion ions such as HCO^- ₃, NO^- ₃ and Cl ^- have been studied systematically. The degradation pathways of organic pollutants by UV/H₂O₂ were discussed. A newly- designed continuous flow three-dimensional electrode-packed bed photocatalytic reactor was built up to investigate the photoelectrocatalytic degradation performance of organic pollutants. The results showed that application of the three-dimensional electrode could improve the removal efficiencies of photocatalytic process significantly. The applied cell voltage and the presence of NaCl would increase the removal efficiency of organic pollutants dramatically. And the effects of pH values , airflow and oxygen on the photoelectrocatalytic degradation of organic pollutants were also studied.

Key words: organic pollutants, advanced oxidation process, UV/H₂O₂, photoelectrocatalytic, three- dimensional electrode, degradation mechanism

中图分类号:

X524

张文兵, 傅家谟, 肖贤明, 盛国英. 均相和非均相高级氧化技术处理水中有机污染物的研究[J]. 中国科学院大学学报, 2005, 22(1): 122-127.

Zhang Wenbing, Fu Jiamo, Xiao Xianming, Sheng Guoying. Treatment of Organic Pollutants in Aqueous Solution by Homogenous and Heterogeneous Advanced Oxidation Processes[J]. , 2005, 22(1): 122-127.

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