北京市怀沙河污染现状及主要污染源分析

doi:10.7523/j.issn.2095-6134.2021.01.010

中国科学院大学学报 ›› 2021, Vol. 38 ›› Issue (1): 73-82.DOI: 10.7523/j.issn.2095-6134.2021.01.010

北京市怀沙河污染现状及主要污染源分析

李昶, 吴丽, 何裕建

中国科学院大学化学科学学院, 北京 100049

收稿日期:2019-05-29 修回日期:2019-09-11 发布日期:2021-03-05
通讯作者: 吴丽, 何裕建
基金资助:
国家重点研究发展计划（2016YFF0203700）、国家自然科学基金（51772289，21778054，51972302）、中国科学院化学研究所科教融合资金（Y52902HED2）和中国科学院大学大学生创新实践训练计划（118900EA12）资助

Analysis of pollution status and main pollution sources of Huaisha River in Beijing

LI Chang, WU Li, HE Yujian

College of Chemical Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China

Received:2019-05-29 Revised:2019-09-11 Published:2021-03-05

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 怀沙河是怀柔水库的主要水源，也是北京市的饮用水源之一，其水质的优劣程度直接影响首都市民的身体健康，北京市要求其符合地表二类水标准。根据北京市2017—2018年的水质报告，在怀沙河下游口头村的水质，大部分相关指标相对较好，符合地表二类水要求，但总磷总氮等指标经常超标。针对此问题，对怀沙河沿河不同地点的水质进行为期一年的跟踪检测，从时间和空间分布上对主要污染物的种类、浓度进行分析。研究结果表明，怀沙河水质变化主要受人类活动的影响，春季、夏季水质相对差，秋季、冬季相对好。河流主要超标污染物总磷和总氮的主要来源是养鱼场含磷饲料的使用、沿途的污水处理站排放不达标生活污水等，这些因素直接导致怀沙河的水质富营养化，使下游水中的总磷和总氮指标经常出现Ⅳ类甚至Ⅴ类的情况，对饮用水质的安全产生严重隐患。

关键词: 怀沙河, 水质评估, 磷氮污染, 污染源

Abstract: Huaisha River is the main source of water in Huairou Reservoir. It is one of the drinking water sources in Beijing. The quality of its water directly affects the health of the citizens in Beijing. The Beijing government requires its quality to meet the second-class water standard. According to the water quality report of Beijing 2017-2018, most of the relevant indicators for the water quality of the Koutou village that is in the downstream area of Huaisha River are relatively good, which meets the requirements of the second type of water. However, the indicators of total phosphorus and total nitrogen often exceed the standard. We tracked the water quality of different sites from Hongjunzhuang village to Tianxianyu village where the water directly flowed into Huairou Reservoir constantly for one year. The survey found that the variation of water quality mainly affected by human activities. The water quality is relatively poor in spring and summer but better during autumn and winter. The main pollutants in the river were total phosphorus and total nitrogen which resulted from substandard domestic sewage discharged by sewage treatment station and phosphorus-containing feed used by fish farms, etc. These factors directly led to water eutrophication of the Huaisha River and caused total phosphorus and nitrogen indexes in downstream water to be inferior to type Ⅳ or even inferior to type Ⅴ, which is far from the requirements of the type Ⅱ water. The current situation poses a serious hidden danger to the safety of drinking water. According to the survey results, this paper proposes some relevant governance programs.

Key words: Huaisha River, water quality assessment, NP pollution, pollution source

中图分类号:

李昶, 吴丽, 何裕建. 北京市怀沙河污染现状及主要污染源分析[J]. 中国科学院大学学报, 2021, 38(1): 73-82.

LI Chang, WU Li, HE Yujian. Analysis of pollution status and main pollution sources of Huaisha River in Beijing[J]. Journal of University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, 2021, 38(1): 73-82.

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北京市怀沙河污染现状及主要污染源分析

Analysis of pollution status and main pollution sources of Huaisha River in Beijing

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