鸟粪石及生物炭包膜缓释肥在石灰性土壤中的氮磷释放特性

doi:10.7523/j.issn.2095-6134.2021.01.011

中国科学院大学学报 ›› 2021, Vol. 38 ›› Issue (1): 83-93.DOI: 10.7523/j.issn.2095-6134.2021.01.011

鸟粪石及生物炭包膜缓释肥在石灰性土壤中的氮磷释放特性

唐司尘¹, 杨肖松¹, 张万通¹, 穆静¹, 谢自建¹, 王金枝², 胡正义¹

1. 中国科学院大学资源与环境学院, 北京 100049;
2. 中国林业科学研究院湿地研究所湿地生态功能与恢复北京市重点实验室, 北京 100091

收稿日期:2019-02-15 修回日期:2019-05-21 发布日期:2021-03-05
通讯作者: 胡正义
基金资助:
国家重点研发计划（2016YFD0800104）资助

Characteristics of nitrogen and phosphorus release from struvite coated urea and struvite combined with biochar coated urea in calcareous soil

TANG Sichen¹, YANG Xiaosong¹, ZHANG Wantong¹, MU Jing¹, XIE Zijian¹, WANG Jinzhi², HU Zhengyi¹

1. College of Resources and Environment, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China;
2. Beijing Key Laboratory of Wetland Ecological Function and Restoration, Institute of Wetland Research, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Beijing 100091, China

Received:2019-02-15 Revised:2019-05-21 Published:2021-03-05

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 研究尿素（U）为肥芯、鸟粪石（S）和生物炭（B）为包膜材料制备的缓释尿素氮磷释放特征对评价其农用具有意义。采用静水培养和土柱间歇淋溶试验，分析5种处理（CK、U、S包膜尿素（USR）、S+低比例B包膜尿素（USB1R）和S+高比例B包膜尿素（USB2R））水中和土壤淋溶液中TN、TP、NH₄⁺-N、NO₃^--N和PO₄^3-，研究肥料氮磷缓释特征。结果表明，缓释肥在静水中（25 ℃）24 h和28 d氮释放速率分别≤15%和≤80%，符合缓释肥标准（GB/T 23348—2009）。缓释肥料在土壤中前7 d氮磷释放速率快，随后逐渐下降；其在土壤中磷释放速率：USB1R （50.9%） > USB2R （38.3%） > USR （10.0%），氮释放速率：USB2R （86.2%） > USB1R （83.1%） > USR （74.0%）；缓释肥氮释放速率比尿素低9~21百分点。可见，鸟粪石及生物炭包膜尿素氮磷具有缓释性，其实际肥效有待进一步验证。

关键词: 鸟粪石, 生物炭, 缓释肥, 氮, 磷, 养分释放, 石灰性土壤

Abstract: The characteristics of nitrogen (N) and phosphorus (P) release from slow-release urea, developed based on urea (U) as fertilizer core and struvite (S) and biochar (B) as coating materials, are significant for evaluating the application of high N and low P fertilizer in agriculture system. In the present study, the hydrostatic test and soil column intermittent leaching experiment including five treatments (CK, U, S coated urea (USR), S+low proportion of B coated urea (USB1R), S+high proportion of B coated urea (USB2R)) were carried out to investigate the N and P release from individual S coated U and S combined with B coated U in calcareous soil based on analysis of TN, TP, NH₄⁺-N, NO₃^--N, and PO₄^3-. The results showed that release rate of N in slow-release fertilizers based on hydrostatic test was not higher than 15% within 24 h and 80% within 28 d, which meets the standards of the slow-release fertilizer (GB/T 23348—2009). The release rates of N and P in the three slow-release fertilizers swiftly increased in soil for the first 7 days, and then gradually decreased. The release rates of P in the three slow-release fertilizers were in the decreasing order: USB1R (50.9%) > USB2R (38.3%) > USR (10.0%), and the release rates of N were in the order: USB2R (86.2%) > USB1R (83.1%) > USR (74.0%). The release rates of N in slow-release fertilizers were lower by 9-21 percentages than that in urea. The individual S coated urea and S combined with B coated urea showed slow release of N and P in calcareous soil. The actual efficacy of the developed slow-release fertilizers needs to be further verified.

Key words: stuvite, biochar, slow-release fertilizer, nitrogen, phosphorus, nutrient release, calcareous soil

中图分类号:

X703

唐司尘, 杨肖松, 张万通, 穆静, 谢自建, 王金枝, 胡正义. 鸟粪石及生物炭包膜缓释肥在石灰性土壤中的氮磷释放特性[J]. 中国科学院大学学报, 2021, 38(1): 83-93.

TANG Sichen, YANG Xiaosong, ZHANG Wantong, MU Jing, XIE Zijian, WANG Jinzhi, HU Zhengyi. Characteristics of nitrogen and phosphorus release from struvite coated urea and struvite combined with biochar coated urea in calcareous soil[J]. Journal of University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, 2021, 38(1): 83-93.

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鸟粪石及生物炭包膜缓释肥在石灰性土壤中的氮磷释放特性

Characteristics of nitrogen and phosphorus release from struvite coated urea and struvite combined with biochar coated urea in calcareous soil

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