华中某铅冶炼场地土壤重金属空间分布及其生态风险评价

doi:10.7523/j.ucas.2021.0080

中国科学院大学学报 ›› 2022, Vol. 39 ›› Issue (4): 481-489.DOI: 10.7523/j.ucas.2021.0080

华中某铅冶炼场地土壤重金属空间分布及其生态风险评价

张雨菲¹, 谭静强², 邓敏², 胡国清³, 郭朝晖¹, 李楚璇¹, 薛生国¹

1. 中南大学冶金与环境学院, 长沙 410083;
2. 中南大学地球科学与信息物理学院, 长沙 410083;
3. 中南大学湘雅公共卫生学院, 长沙 410078

收稿日期:2021-11-05 修回日期:2021-12-09 发布日期:2021-12-16
通讯作者: 薛生国
基金资助:
国家重点研发计划项目(2019YFC1803605)资助

Spatial distribution and ecological risk assessment of heavy metals in a lead smelting site in Central China

HANG Yufei¹, TAN Jingqiang², DENG Min², HU Guoqing³, GUO Zhaohui¹, LI Chuxuan¹, XUE Shengguo¹

1. School of Metallurgy and Environment, Central South University, Changsha 410083, China;
2. School of Geosciences and Info-physics, Central South University, Changsha 410083, China;
3. XiangYa School of Public Health, Central South University, Changsha 410078, China

Received:2021-11-05 Revised:2021-12-09 Published:2021-12-16

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 为探究污染场地土壤重金属空间分布及其生态风险,以华中某铅冶炼场地为研究对象,检测土壤As、Cd、Cr、Cu、Hg、Ni、Pb和Zn 8种元素,利用ArcGIS对土壤重金属空间分布进行插值分析,采用内梅罗综合指数法及潜在生态风险指数法对土壤污染状况进行风险评估。结果表明:铅冶炼场地重金属污染严重,土壤As、Pb、Cr含量超标率分别为80%、50%和50%;表层土壤空间分布为局部点状污染,电解车间土壤重金属含量较高,主要与冶炼废渣堆存有关;内梅罗综合污染指数评价显示Pb、As为重度污染水平,潜在生态风险评价发现As、Cd、Hg和Pb处于极强危害等级,这表明Pb、As、Hg、Cd是该铅冶炼场地修复的目标污染物。

关键词: 冶炼场地, 重金属污染, 空间分布, 生态风险, 场地修复

Abstract: Taking a lead smelting site in Central China as the research object, the contents of 8 heavy metals, including As, Cd, Cr, Cu, Hg, Ni, Pb, and Zn, in the soil of the smelter were determined in order to explore the spatial distribution of heavy metal pollution in the soil of nonferrous smelting sites and its ecological risks. Using the interpolation analysis method of ArcGIS, the spatial distribution characteristics of heavy metals in the soil was studied. The Nemerow index method and potential ecological risk assessment were used to assess the contamination level. The lead smelting site showed severe contamination. The over-standard rates of As, Pb, and Cr in the soil were 80%, 50%, and 50%. The spatial distribution characteristics of surface soil heavy metal pollution were mainly local spotty pollution and the high content of heavy metals was mostly concentrated in the electrolysis workshop due to the accumulation of heavy metal containing waste residue. According to the evaluation results of Nemerow pollution index, Pb and As in the research area reached the level of severe pollution. The results of potential ecological risk assessment showed that As, Cd, Hg, and Pb had a extremely strong risk. Combining the two pollution assessment methods, Pb, As, Hg, Cd were the target pollutants of soil remediation in this area. The research results have important scientific significance and practical guidance value for heavy metal remediation in lead smelting site.

Key words: smelting site, heavy metal pollution, spatial distribution, ecological risk, site remediation

中图分类号:

张雨菲, 谭静强, 邓敏, 胡国清, 郭朝晖, 李楚璇, 薛生国. 华中某铅冶炼场地土壤重金属空间分布及其生态风险评价[J]. 中国科学院大学学报, 2022, 39(4): 481-489.

HANG Yufei, TAN Jingqiang, DENG Min, HU Guoqing, GUO Zhaohui, LI Chuxuan, XUE Shengguo. Spatial distribution and ecological risk assessment of heavy metals in a lead smelting site in Central China[J]. Journal of University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, 2022, 39(4): 481-489.

参考文献

[1] 庄国泰.我国土壤污染现状与防控策略[J].中国科学院院刊,2015,30(4):477-483. DOI:10.16418/j.issn.1000-3045.2015.04.006.
[2] 环境保护部,国土资源部.全国土壤污染状况调查公报.(2014-04-17).http://www.gov.cn/foot/2014-04/17/content_2661768.htm.
[3] 陈功伟,赵思颖,倪才英.高光谱监测技术在重金属污染土壤上的应用[J].中国科学院大学学报,2019,36(4):560-566. DOI:10.7523/j.issn.2095-6134.2019.04.016.
[4] 李泽姣,崔岩山,蔡晓琳,等.土壤铬污染对赤子爱胜蚓抗氧化酶活性的影响[J].中国科学院大学学报,2020,37(1):20-26. DOI:10.7523/j.issn.2095-6134.2020.01.004.
[5] 莫小荣,吴烈善,邓书庭,等.某冶炼厂拆迁场地土壤重金属污染健康风险评价[J].生态毒理学报,2015,10(4):235-243. DOI:10.7524/AJE.1673-5897.20141113003.
[6] 余志,陈凤,张军方,等.锌冶炼区菜地土壤和蔬菜重金属污染状况及风险评价[J].中国环境科学,2019,39(5):2086-2094. DOI:10.19674/j.cnki.issn1000-6923.2019.0250.
[7] 李强,曹莹,何连生,等.典型冶炼行业场地土壤重金属空间分布特征及来源解析[J].环境科学,2021,42(12):5930-5937. DOI:10.13227/j.hjkx.202104313.
[8] Chen Y, Jiang Y M, Huang H Y, et al.Long-term and high-concentration heavy-metal contamination strongly influences the microbiome and functional genes in Yellow River sediments[J].Science of the Total Environment, 2018, 637/638:1400-1412. DOI:10.1016/j.scitotenv.2018.05.109.
[9] 他维媛,康桢,孟昭君,等.秦岭典型停产关闭锌冶炼企业场地土壤重金属污染特征研究[J].生态环境学报,2021,30(7):1513-1521. DOI:10.16258/j.cnki.1674-5906.2021.07.020.
[10] 中华人民共和国生态环境部.建设用地土壤污染状况调查技术导则:HJ 25.1-2019[S].北京:中国环境科学出版社,2019.
[11] 生态环境部,国家市场监督管理总局.土壤环境质量建设用地土壤污染风险管控标准:GB 36600-2018[S].北京:中国标准出版社,2018.
[12] Morosini C, Terzaghi E, Raspa G, et al.Mercury vertical and horizontal concentrations in agricultural soils of a historically contaminated site:role of soil properties, chemical loading, and cultivated plant species in driving its mobility[J]. Environmental Pollution,2021,285:117467. DOI:10.1016/j.envpol.2021.117467.
[13] 陈洁,施维林,张一梅,等.电镀厂遗留场地污染分析及健康风险空间分布评价[J].环境工程,2018,36(4):153-159. DOI:10.13205/j.hjgc.201804031.
[14] 严康,楼骏,汪海珍,等.污染场地研究现状与发展趋势:基于知识图谱的分析[J].土壤学报,2021,58(5):1234-1245. DOI:10.11766/trxb202002280030.
[15] 刘庚,石瑛,田海金,等.某大型砷渣场地土壤As污染特征及生态风险评价[J].环境科学,2018,39(12):5639-5646. DOI:10.13227/j.hjkx.201804087.
[16] 吴烈善,莫小荣,曾东梅,等.废弃铅锌冶炼厂重金属污染场地的健康风险评价[J].生态毒理学报,2014,9(3):603-608. DOI:10.7524/AJE.1673-5897.20140329001.
[17] 吴志远,张丽娜,夏天翔,等.基于土壤重金属及PAHs来源的人体健康风险定量评价:以北京某工业污染场地为例[J].环境科学,2020,41(9):4180-4196. DOI:10.13227/j.hjkx.201910152.
[18] Hakanson L.An ecological risk index for aquatic pollution control. a sedimentological approach[J]. Water Research,1980,14(8):975-1001. DOI:10.1016/0043-1354(80)90143-8.
[19] 刘芳枝,胡俊良,刘劲松,等.南岭泡金山矿产集采区土壤重金属空间分布及风险评价[J].农业环境科学学报,2018,37(1):86-95. DOI:10.11654/jaes.2017-1136.
[20] 王洋洋,李方方,王笑阳,等.铅锌冶炼厂周边农田土壤重金属污染空间分布特征及风险评估[J].环境科学,2019,40(1):437-444. DOI:10.13227/j.hjkx.201803031.
[21] 国家环境保护局主持中国环境监测总站.中国土壤元素背景值[M].北京:中国环境科学出版社,1990.
[22] 王海洋,韩玲,谢丹妮,等.矿区周边农田土壤重金属分布特征及污染评价[J].环境科学,2022,43(4):2104-2114. DOI:10.13227/j.hjkx.202106218.
[23] Fang H X, Gui H R, Yu H, et al.Characteristics and source identification of heavy metals in abandoned coal-mining soil:a case study of Zhuxianzhuang coal mine in Huaibei coalfield (Anhui, China)[J]. Human and Ecological Risk Assessment:an International Journal,2021,27(3):708-723. DOI:10.1080/10807039.2020.1750346.
[24] 侯文隽,龚星,詹泽波,等.粤港澳大湾区丘陵地带某电镀场地重金属污染特征与迁移规律分析[J].环境科学,2019,40(12):5604-5614. DOI:10.13227/j.hjkx.201906234.
[25] Li S Z, Zhao B, Jin M, et al.A comprehensive survey on the horizontal and vertical distribution of heavy metals and microorganisms in soils of a Pb/Zn smelter[J]. Journal of Hazardous Materials,2020,400:123255. DOI:10.1016/j.jhazmat.2020.123255.
[26] 徐争启,倪师军,庹先国,等.潜在生态危害指数法评价中重金属毒性系数计算[J].环境科学与技术,2008,31(2):112-115. DOI:10.19672/j.cnki.1003-6504.2008.02.030.

华中某铅冶炼场地土壤重金属空间分布及其生态风险评价

Spatial distribution and ecological risk assessment of heavy metals in a lead smelting site in Central China

PDF (PC)

可视化

摘要/Abstract

引用本文

使用本文

参考文献

相关文章 5

编辑推荐

Metrics

本文评价

访问统计

联系我们

[1]	王昕, 张娜, 乐荣武, 郑潇柔. 城市河岸带的斑块组成和空间分布对小气候的影响——以北京永定河河岸带为例[J]. 中国科学院大学学报, 2020, 37(5): 606-618.
[2]	陈功伟, 赵思颖, 倪才英. 高光谱监测技术在重金属污染土壤上的应用[J]. 中国科学院大学学报, 2019, 36(4): 560-566.
[3]	毕恺艺, 牛铮, 黄妮, 寇培颖. 道路网络对景观生态风险的影响——以“中国-中南半岛经济走廊”为例[J]. 中国科学院大学学报, 2019, 36(3): 347-353.
[4]	许冲, 戴福初, 姚鑫, 陈剑, 涂新斌, 肖建章, 孙瑜. 汶川地震滑坡在两个典型区域内的分布研究[J]. 中国科学院大学学报, 2010, 27(5): 621-631.
[5]	陈晓晨, 崔岩山. 城市表层土壤中重金属的小尺度空间分布——以首钢厂区附近小区域为例[J]. 中国科学院大学学报, 2010, 27(2): 176-183.