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山东省传统村落空间分布特征及旅游发展潜力评价*

张生瑞, 宋勇勇, 张桐艳   

  1. 中国海洋大学管理学院,山东 青岛,266100
  • 收稿日期:2023-10-08 修回日期:2024-01-10 发布日期:2024-01-25
  • 通讯作者: †E-mail: zhangtongyan@ouc.edu.cn
  • 基金资助:
    *国家自然科学基金(42001243)、教育部人文社科研究项目(20YJC630212)、山东省自然科学基金(ZR2022QD132; ZR2020QD008)和中央高校基本科研业务费专项(202213002)资助

Spatial distribution characteristics and tourism development potential evaluation of traditional villages in Shandong Province

ZHANG Shengrui, SONG Yongyong, ZHANG Tongyan   

  1. College Management, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266100,Shandong,China
  • Received:2023-10-08 Revised:2024-01-10 Published:2024-01-25

摘要: 本文以山东省567个省级以上的传统村落为研究对象,首先运用空间计量模型对山东省传统村落的整体格局进行了分布特征分析,其次综合运用德尔菲法、因子分析、AHP-熵值法等方法构建了山东省传统村落旅游发展潜力评价指标体系,定量评价了各传统村落的旅游发展潜力并提出了相关发展策略。结果如下:1)山东省传统村落空间分布总体不均衡,多分布于发展相对不均衡、基础设施相对落后的山区或城市内的不发达区域;2)山东省传统村落旅游发展潜力评价指标体系包含村落文化资源、村落生态自然资源、管理制度、旅游基础设施和村落经济活力五个层面的28项指标。在各项指标中,村落的文化资源(0.3312)、管理制度(0.144)具有重要地位,其次是旅游基础设施(0.1437)、村落生态自然资源(0.1434)和村落经济活力(0.0977);3)评价结果显示,山东省重点开发型传统村落(S≧7.9)有135个,仅占山东省传统村落总数的23.81%;一般开发型传统村落(6.2<S<7.9)有295个,占山东省传统村落总数的52.03%;以保护为主型的传统村落(S≦6.2)共137个,占山东省传统村落总数的24.16%;4)基于各类传统村落的特点,提出了相应的开发策略。

关键词: 传统村落, 空间分布, 旅游开发潜力评价, AHP-熵值法, 山东省

Abstract: This article takes 567 national level (168) and provincial level (511) traditional villages in Shandong Province as the research objects. Firstly, a spatial econometric model is used to analyze the overall pattern of traditional villages in Shandong Province. Secondly, the Delphi expert consultation method and SPSS factor analysis method are used to screen and analyze the evaluation indicators. A total of 28 indicators including village cultural resources, village ecological and natural resources, institutional management, tourism infrastructure, and village economic vitality are obtained. Finally, the AHP entropy method is used to combine weights to score the selected indicators. A scoring table for tourism development potential of traditional villages in Shandong Province is constructed, and a multi-objective linear weighted function model is used for scoring. The results showed that: 1) The overall spatial distribution of traditional villages in Shandong Province is uneven, mostly distributed in mountainous areas or underdeveloped areas of cities with relatively uneven development and underdeveloped infrastructure; 2) Among various indicators, the cultural resources (0.3312) and institutional management (0.144) of the village play an important role, followed by tourism infrastructure (0.1437), village ecological and natural resources (0.1434), and village economic vitality (0.0977); 3) The evaluation results show that there are 135 key traditional villages (S ≥ 7.9) in Shandong Province, accounting for only 23.81% of the total number of traditional villages in Shandong Province; There are 295 traditional villages (6.2<S<7.9), accounting for 52.03% of the total number of traditional villages in Shandong Province; There are 137 traditional villages with a focus on protection (S ≤ 6.2), accounting for 24.16% of the total number of traditional villages in Shandong Province; 4) Based on the characteristics of various traditional villages, corresponding development strategies are proposed in this paper.

Key words: traditional villages, spatial distribution, evaluation of tourism development potential, AHP Entropy Method, Shandong Province

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