矮火绒草（Leontopodium nanum）与紫花针茅（Stipa purpurea）斑块微环境及共生物种数对比*

doi:10.7523/j.ucas.2025.036

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 在严酷环境,促进作用（facilitation）对植物生存起到重要作用。按照自组织理论,促进作用集中于植物斑块上,而斑块外围由竞争关系主导。本研究拟通过对比青藏高原高寒草地常见植物矮火绒草（Leontopodium nanum）和群落优势种紫花针茅（Stipa purpurea）的斑块差异,来检验植物斑块是否比周围裸地具有更优越的微环境以及不同植物斑块是否提供不同水平的促进作用。结果表明：（1）植物斑块比周围裸地具有更湿润的土壤水分条件和更高的土壤无机氮含量,微环境相对优越。（2）矮火绒草斑块比紫花针茅斑块具有更高的共生物种数,这应该与前者更高的斑块土壤含水量有关。植物斑块土壤电导率高于周围裸土,而矮火绒草的高出值较低,暗示其蒸腾速率较低。上述结果说明植物空间聚集与微环境适宜度之间有正反馈,即存在促进作用,而且不同植物斑块促进作用水平有差异。由于矮火绒草在高寒退化草地相对重要值会上升,且能提供更高水平的促进作用,符合抚育植物（nurse plants）的定义。在高寒草地退化恢复过程中,把该物种作为补播物种是值得考虑的。

关键词: 矮火绒草, 紫花针茅, 植物斑块, 促进作用, 抚育植物, 退化草地恢复

Abstract: In harsh environments, facilitation plays a crucial role in plant survival. According to the theory of self-organization, facilitation is concentrated in plant patches, while the peripheries of these patches are dominated by competition. This study aims to examine whether plant patches have more favorable micro-environments compared to surrounding bare ground and whether different plant patches provide varying levels of facilitation by comparing the patch differences between Leontopodium nanum, a wide-spreading species in Qinghai-Tibetan alpine grasslands/meadow, and Stipa purpurea, the dominant species of alpine steppe. The results are as follows: (1) Plant patches exhibit higher soil moisture conditions and elevated concentrations of soil inorganic nitrogen compared to surrounding bare ground, indicating a relatively favorable micro-environment. This suggests that the spatial aggregation of plants reinforces micro-environment through vegetation-mediated positive feedback. (2) L. nanum patches have more coexisting species compared to S. purpurea patches due to higher soil water content in the former. Plant patches exhibit higher soil electrical conductivity than surrounding bare soil, but the magnitude of this elevation is reduced in L. nanum patches. This suggests that L. nanum employs a conservative water use strategy, such as restricted transpiration rate. The increased relative dominance of L. nanum in degraded alpine meadows, coupled with enhanced facilitation effects, aligns with the functional criteria of a nurse plant. These traits position L. nanum as a priority candidate for ecological restoration initiatives targeting degraded alpine meadows.

Key words: Leontopodium nanum, Stipa purpurea, plant patch, facilitation, nurse plants, degraded grassland restoration

中图分类号:

Q948

牛海山, 刘敏, 孔倩, 李润富, 朱传鲁. 矮火绒草（Leontopodium nanum）与紫花针茅（Stipa purpurea）斑块微环境及共生物种数对比^*[J]. 中国科学院大学学报, DOI: 10.7523/j.ucas.2025.036.

NIU Haishan, LIU Min, KONG Qian, LI Runfu, ZHU Chuanlu. Comparison of patch microenvironments and number of coexisting species per patch between Leontopodium nanum and Stipa purpurea[J]. Journal of University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, DOI: 10.7523/j.ucas.2025.036.

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矮火绒草（Leontopodium nanum）与紫花针茅（Stipa purpurea）斑块微环境及共生物种数对比^*

Comparison of patch microenvironments and number of coexisting species per patch between Leontopodium nanum and Stipa purpurea

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