欢迎访问中国科学院大学学报,今天是

中国科学院大学学报

• •    下一篇

中国茄科天仙子亚族的花粉形态研究

张芝玉, 路安民   

  1. (中国科学院植物研究所,北京)
  • 收稿日期:1900-01-01 修回日期:1900-01-01 出版日期:1984-06-18 发布日期:1984-06-18
  • 通讯作者: 张芝玉

Pollen Morphology of the Subtribe Hyoscyaminae (Solanaceae)

Zhang Zhi-Yu, Lu An-Ming   

  1.  (Institute of Botany; Academia Sinica;  Beijing)
  • Received:1900-01-01 Revised:1900-01-01 Online:1984-06-18 Published:1984-06-18
  • Contact: Zhang Zhi-Yu

摘要:

本文作者对国产茄科天仙子亚族6个属、12种植物的花粉,用光学显微镜、扫描电镜和
透射电镜观察了它们外壁雕纹、萌发孔的类型以及外壁层次的结构。  本亚族花粉以无萌发孔
和三孔沟类型为主,其次为三沟和拟沟类型。根据花粉资料,表明花粉形态特征对于论证该亚
族内属的界限和属间系统发育的关系,可以提供重要的依据。

关键词: 赛莨菪属, 山莨菪属, 天蓬子属, 马尿泡属, 泡囊草属, 天仙子属, 花粉, 显微结构, 超显微结构

Abstract:

The pollen morphology of 12 species representing 6 genera was exami-
ned under the light;  scanning and transmission electron microscope. According to form of
aperture;  sculpture and structure of exine;  the palynological relationships among the 6 gene-
ra are discussed.
      1.  Scopolia Jacq. (plate 1:1-4)
      Pollen grains subspheroidal or irregular;  43.7-49.6 μ in diameter;  nonaperturate;  Exi-
ne about 1.2-1.5μ  thick;  verrucate;  with verrucae unequal in size;  spinulose or granular.
Stratification indistinct;  with no columella layer visible under TEM.
      2.  Anisodus Link et Otto (plate 1: 5-12)
      Pollen grains subspheroidal;  43.4-48.7 μ in diameter;  nonaperturate. Exine 1.5-1.8 μ
thick;  verrucate;  with verrucae unequal in size;  spinulose or smooth.  Stratification indis-
tinct under TEM.
      3.  Atropanthe Pascher (plate 2: 1-4)
      Pollen grains subspheroidai or spheroidal;  triangular-circular in polar view;  oblong in
equatorial view;  47.2-49.3 μ ×39.8-47 μ;  3-colpate;  colpi wide or narrow;  colpus membra-
nes finely granular. Exine with irregular short-stick sculpture;  2.3μ thick;  distinctly 2-la-
yered;  columella layer clearly visible;  sexine thicker than nexine under TEM.
      4.  Przewalskia Maxim. (plate 2: 5-8)
 Pollen grains subspheroidal;  triangular-circular in polar view;  oblong in equatorial view;
39.2-40.3 μ × 36.4-42.8 μ ;  tricolporate;  ora lalongate;  colpus membranes granular. Exi-
ne reticulate;  2-layered;  2u thick;  columella layer distinct;  sexine and nexine equal in thick-
ness under TEM.
      5.  Physochlaina G. Don (plate 2: 9-12; plate 3: 1-12)
     Pollen grains polymorphic;  usually subspheroidal;  36.5-39.4μ in diameter;  aperture
varying from nonaperturate (P. macrophylla);  3-4 rugose (P. physaloides) to 3-colporate
(P. praealta). Exine 1.5-2μ thick;  reticulate;  smooth or with spinulose or verrucous pro-
cesses under SEM;  distinctly 2-layered;  or without stratification;  columella layer differentia-
ted or not.
      6.  Hyoscyamus Linn. (plate 4: 1-9)
      Pollen grains subspheroidal;  circular-triangular in polar view;  oval in equatorial view;
39.9-41.8 μ × 38.7-4.2 μ;  tricolporate. Ora orbicular; colpus membranes finely granular
or with striate processes. Exine reticulate or striate-rugulate;  2-2.3μ thick;  distinctly 2-la-
yered;  columella layer developed.
      The dendrogram (Fig. 1) indicates probable phylogenetic relationships among the six
genera in the subtribe Hyoscyaminae.

Key words: Scopolia, Anisodus, Atropanthe, Przewalskia, Physochlaina, Hoyscyamus, Microstructure, Ultrastr-ucture.