刺萼参属——桔梗科一新属及其系统位置

中国科学院大学学报

刺萼参属——桔梗科一新属及其系统位置

洪德元

(中国科学院植物研究所，北京)

收稿日期:1900-01-01 修回日期:1900-01-01 出版日期:1984-06-18 发布日期:1984-06-18
通讯作者: 洪德元

Echinocodon Hong, a New Genus of Campanulaceae and Its Systematic Position

Hong De-Yuan

(Institute of Botany; Academia Sinica; Beijing)

Received:1900-01-01 Revised:1900-01-01 Online:1984-06-18 Published:1984-06-18
Contact: Hong De-Yuan

摘要/Abstract

关键词: 桔梗科, 刺萼参属, 刺萼参, 花粉, 染色体

Abstract:

Echicocodon Hong (Wahlenbergieae); Gen. nov.

Calyx 2-5-saepe 4-fidus; lobis utrinque 2-4-lobulis spiniformibus praeditis. Corolla tu-

bulosa; ad medium parterm (3-) 4 (-5)-lobata. Stamina (3-) 4 (-5); libera; sed inter

se eonniventia; filamentis basi parum expansis. Ovarium fere inferum; 3-5-1oculare; stig-

mata 3-5; demum recurva; linearia; ovula ∞. Capsula globosa; 3-5-locularis; spice locu-

licide dehiscens; valvis calycis lobis alternantibus. Semina ∞ ; minima; ellipsoidea; obtuse tri-

quetra.——Herbae perennes; lactesentes; radicibus palaribus crassiusculis. Folia alterna; pin-

natipartita. Flores solitarii terminalesque vel 2-3 in cymam conferti.

Genus monotypicum; in provincia Hubei Sinae cresens.

Typus generis: Echinocodon lobophyllus Hong.

Echinocodon lobophyllus Hong; sp. nov. plate 1

Herbae diffusae; omnino glabrae; radicibus palaribus ad 5 mm crassis. Caulis ad 40 cm

longus; ramosissimus. Folia alterna; petiolis 5-10 mm longis; laminis ellipticis; 5-20 mm

longis; 3-15 mm latis; basi anguste cuneatis; apice obtusis; pinnatisectis vel ad medium

pinnatipartitis.

Flores solitarii terminales vel 2-3 in cymam conferti; pedicellis 1-5 cm longis. Caly-

cis lobi ovato-lanceolati; 2-6 mm longi; lobulis spiniformibus exclusis 1-3 mm lati. Corol-

la purpureo-caerulea; tubulosa; 3-4.5 mm longa; ad medium (3-)4(-5)-lobata; lobis la-

te ovato-diltoideis; ad 3 mm latis. Stamina inter se conniventia; filamentis liberis; 1.5 mm

longis; basi expansis; ciliatis; antheris oblongis; 1 mm longis. Stylus 1 mm longus; stigmata

linearia; demum recurva. Capsula globosa; 3-5 mm diam.; sed parte supera conica et 2 mm

longa. Semina minima; luteo-fusca; ellipsoidea; obtuse triquetra; 0.3 mm longa.

China: Hubei Province; Yunxi County; near the town; 300 m alt.; 1 Jul. 1983. Ma Yu-

an-jun and Hong De-yuan PB83006 (holotype; PE); the same locality; 11 Jul. 1978; Ma

Yuan-jun 3921.

The new genus; Echinocodon Hong; shows its systematic position in the tribe Wahlen-

bergieae by the inferior ovary and capsule which loculicidally dehisces above the calyx and

is closely related to the genera Codonopsis; Platycodon and Wahlenbergia; from all of which

it differs in having the calyx lobes with spinelike lobules and the pinnatisect or pinnatipar-

tite leaves. From Codonopsis it differs also in having the linear stigma lobes; from Platyco-

don also in the capsule valves alternate with the calyx lobes and from Wahlenhergia also in

having the 4(5)-colpate pollen grains.

Meiosis in pollen mother cells was examined and; 8 bivalents in MI and 8 chromoso-

mes in MII were always observed (Plate 2: 1-2). The chromosomt number is thus de-

termined to be n=8.

The pollen grains taken from the flowers which were fixed in the fields with Carnoy

II fixative (6:3:1 absolute alcohol/chloroform/glacial acetic acid) were examined without

further treatment under SEM; and under LM after acetolysis. The result shows that they

are oblate; 4(5)-colpate (Plate 2: 3-4); with colpi 10.5μm long and 2.5μm wide and

with a smooth colpus membrane (Plate 2: 5). The exine is 2-layered; with a distinct bacu-

late layer (Plate 2:7-8). The sexine surface is covered with spinules almost regularly spa-

ced; 0.6μm high and basally divided. The sexine between spinules consists of short ridges

(Plate 2: 6).

The new genus is closely related to the genera Codonopsis; Wahlenbergia and Platyco-

don from gross morphological point of view; but its pollen grains differ markedly from

all of them. The pollen grains in Codonopsis are longly 5-colpate; and with the sexine consis-

ting of a low relief reticulum; those in Platycodon longly 5-colporate and those in Wahlen-

bergia 3-porate. The pollen type of the new genus Echinocodon with short colpi is therefore

probably derived from the longly colpate type of pollen like that of Codonopsis or directly

from longly colporate type like that of Platycodon; and is likely more primitive than that

in Wahlenbergia.

Key words: Campanulaceae, Echinocodon, E.lobophyllus, Pollen, Chromosome

洪德元. 刺萼参属——桔梗科一新属及其系统位置[J]. 中国科学院大学学报.

Hong De-Yuan. Echinocodon Hong, a New Genus of Campanulaceae and Its Systematic Position[J]. .

[1]	孙爱芝, 张德怀, 代然然. 青藏高原南部雅鲁藏布江流域现代孢粉-植被关系及新的花粉-气候指标研究[J]. 中国科学院大学学报, 2017, 34(6): 719-733.
[2]	谢珍玉, 郑成木. 中国海南岛13种菊科植物的细胞学研究[J]. 中国科学院大学学报, 2003, 41(6): 545-552.
[3]	王伟,赵南先. 中国天南星科花粉形态的研究[J]. 中国科学院大学学报, 2002, 40(6): 517-529.
[4]	孙坤,陈家宽,张志耘. 水鳖科9属15种植物花粉形态的研究[J]. 中国科学院大学学报, 2002, 40(6): 490-500.
[5]	李玉阁,郭卫红,吴伯骥. 国产七种和一变种兰属植物的核型研究[J]. 中国科学院大学学报, 2002, 40(5): 406-413.
[6]	宋葆华,张学杰,李法曾,万鹏. 国产十四种苋属植物的染色体数目[J]. 中国科学院大学学报, 2002, 40(5): 428-432.
[7]	张海琴,周永红,郑有良,杨瑞武,丁春邦. 长芒猬草与华山新麦草属间杂种的形态学和细胞学研究[J]. 中国科学院大学学报, 2002, 40(5): 421-427.
[8]	杨亲二. 国产毛茛科银莲花族十七种植物的细胞学研究[J]. 中国科学院大学学报, 2002, 40(5): 396-405.
[9]	王勇,王青锋,郭友好,Gituru W. Robert. 江西九江新公园猫爪草染色体数目错误报道的更正[J]. 中国科学院大学学报, 2001, 39(6): 523-525.
[10]	刘家熙,张玉龙,宁建长,赵云云,李雅轩,张静梅,孙晓红. 中国紫草科紫草亚科琉璃草族花粉形态的研究[J]. 中国科学院大学学报, 2001, 39(6): 515-522.
[11]	杨亲二. 国产12种乌头属和18种翠雀属植物的细胞学研究[J]. 中国科学院大学学报, 2001, 39(6): 502-514.
[12]	李秀兰,林汝顺,冯学琳,祁仲夏,宋文芹,陈瑞阳. 中国部分丛生竹类染色体数目报道[J]. 中国科学院大学学报, 2001, 39(5): 433-442.
[13]	杨亲二. 国产毛茛属11种及其4个近缘属5种植物的细胞学研究[J]. 中国科学院大学学报, 2001, 39(5): 405-422.
[14]	李维林,贺善安,顾姻,舒璞,濮祖茂. 中国悬钩子属花粉形态观察[J]. 中国科学院大学学报, 2001, 39(3): 234-247.
[15]	. 《中国科学院研究生院学报》征稿简则[J]. 中国科学院大学学报, 2001, 18(1): 11-11.