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三尖杉属植物茎次生韧皮部的比较解剖

1胡玉熹, 2邵伟   

  1. 1 (中国科学院植物研究所,北京)    2(吉林农业大学,长春)
  • 收稿日期:1900-01-01 修回日期:1900-01-01 出版日期:1986-12-18 发布日期:1986-12-18
  • 通讯作者: 胡玉熹

Comparative Anatomy of the Secondary Phloem of the Stem in Cephalotaxus

1Hu Yu-Shi, 2Shao Wei   

  1. 1(Institute of Botany, Academic Sinica, Bel]izlg)
    2(Jilin  Agricultural University, Changchun)
  • Received:1900-01-01 Revised:1900-01-01 Online:1986-12-18 Published:1986-12-18
  • Contact: Hu Yu-Shi

摘要:

作者在光学显微镜及扫描电镜下,比较观察了三尖杉属Cephalotaxus 4种及1栽培变 种茎次生韧皮部的结构,主要结果为:(1)属内各种茎次生韧皮部的结构比较一致。横切面筛胞与薄壁组织细胞呈单层切向带交替排列; 厚壁组织切向带的径向宽为1—4个细胞,带间 距离较宽。(2)根据韧皮纤维的类型,石细胞数量多少或缺如,可作本属分种鉴定特征; 也为 属内分组提供了佐证。(3)本属茎次生韧皮部中有些薄壁组织细胞的内切向壁中嵌埋有草酸钙结晶。这有别于松柏类其它各科,也是自然分类的一新依据。

关键词: 三尖杉属, 次生韧皮部, 比较解剖

Abstract:

The family Cephalotaxaceae contains only one genus, Cephalotaxus, with 9 spe-
cies and some varieties, mostly endemic to China.
     The present paper deals with the comparative anatomy of secondary phloem of stems in 4
species and I cultivar, of this genus under light microscope and scanning electron microscope.
The main results are as follows:
      (1)  The structure of secondary phloem is rather uniform in the various species of this
genus.  In cross section, sieve cells, phloem parenchyma cells form continuous tangential rows
of one cell in width respectively, which occur alternately.  Sclerenchyma cells also form con-
tinuous tangential rows, each with a radial width of 1-4 cells.  The interval between the rows
is rather wide.
     (2)  The type of phloem fiber and the quantity of sclereids can be served as the chara-
cters for identification of species and the evidence for the separation of two sections of Cepha-
lotaxus, namely: Cephalotaxus and Pectinatae.
     (3)  The secondary phloem of this genus contains more or less crystalliferous parenchyma
cells, in the inner tangential walls of which calcium oxalate crystals are embedded.  So far this
character has not been reported in the other families and the genera of conifers.  Our conclu-
sion, therefore, agrees with the opinion that Cephalotaxaceae is a natural taxon and  includes
only one genus, Cephalotaxus.

Key words: Cephalotaxus, secondary phloem, comparative anatomy