葡萄属营养器官的比较解剖学及其系统学意义

中国科学院大学学报

葡萄属营养器官的比较解剖学及其系统学意义

何永华, 李朝銮, 曹亚玲

收稿日期:1900-01-01 修回日期:1900-01-01 出版日期:1994-03-10 发布日期:1994-03-10
通讯作者: 何永华

Comparative Anatomy of Vegetative Organs in the Genus Vitis L. and Its Systematic Significance

He Yong-hua, Li Chao-luan, Cao Ya-ling

Received:1900-01-01 Revised:1900-01-01 Online:1994-03-10 Published:1994-03-10
Contact: He Yong-hua

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

本文对国产葡萄属24个种、6个变种和4个美洲种进行了比较解剖学研究。比较观察了茎、节、

叶柄、叶片的维管系统、厚角组织、厚壁组织、毛状体、后含物、叶表皮角质等解剖学特征。并讨论了它们在系统学上的意义。

关键词: 葡萄属, 比较解剖学, 系统学

Abstract:

The comparative anatomy of vegetative organs of 24 species and six varieties of

Vitis from China in presented in this paper. The anatomical characteristics of stems, nodes,

petioles and leaves, such as vascular system, hairs, sclerenchyma, collenchyma and foliar

cuticular papillae, were examined in detail.

The main characteristics of vegetative organs of Vitis,observed in the persent work,

are as follows: (1) In the transverse section of stems, the vascular bundles were separated

by medullary rays. The number of medullary rays was variable in the genus, e. g. 18--22

in V. wuhanensis, 37--40 in V. piloso-nervosa. (2) The nodes of Vitis were multilacunar,

with 4--8 traces from an equal number of gaps. (3) The transverse section of petioles in the

middle part exhibited a ring of bundles, accompanied by two, or less frequently more, corti-

cal bundles on either side of the groove. Two types of the ring were recognized: the closed

ring type (continous vascular bundles) and the false ring type (separate vascular bundles

connected by streaks of lignified parenchyma). The anatomical structure of petioles can be

classified into three types according to the number and the arrangement of bundles. (4) In

the cross section at the base of the primary vein of leaf blades, vascular bundles were isolat-

ed. Based on the number of bundles, the anatomical structure of leaf blades can be divided

into three types. (5) Several kinds of hairs were found: unicellular, uniseriate, stalked-glan-

dular, shortly stalked uniseriate and spiny-like multicellular. The occurrence of raphides is

characteristic of the Vitaceae, including the genus Vitis.

Interspecific differences of anatomical structure in Vitis are useful for distinguishing

some species, and can be applied to discussinfg systematics and phylogeny.

It is found that the number of vascular bundles are obviously correlated with the size of

leaves and stems. The variation of bundles in Vitis is therefore probably an adaptation. Two

evolutionary tendencies of the number of bundles in Vitis are proposed: the increase in some

species, and the decrease in the others.

Key words: Vitis, Comparative anatomy, Systematics

何永华, 李朝銮, 曹亚玲. 葡萄属营养器官的比较解剖学及其系统学意义[J]. 中国科学院大学学报.

He Yong-hua, Li Chao-luan, Cao Ya-ling. Comparative Anatomy of Vegetative Organs in the Genus Vitis L. and Its Systematic Significance[J]. .

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