睡莲科的核型分析及其分类学位置的探讨

中国科学院大学学报

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睡莲科的核型分析及其分类学位置的探讨

韦平和, 陈维培, 陈瑞阳

收稿日期:1900-01-01 修回日期:1900-01-01 出版日期:1994-07-18 发布日期:1994-07-18
通讯作者: 韦平和

Study on the Karyotype Analysis of Nymphaeaceae and Its Taxonomic Position

Wei Ping-he, Chen Wei-pei, Chen Rui-yang

Received:1900-01-01 Revised:1900-01-01 Online:1994-07-18 Published:1994-07-18
Contact: Wei Ping-he

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

本文对睡莲科6属6种代表植物的核型进行了研究，并探讨了它的分类学位置。结果如下：莲2n＝16=9sm+4m+3st;王莲2n＝24=8sm+8m+8T，蓝睡莲2n＝28，可配成14对，染色体小，第l号染色体上有2条随体；萍蓬草2n＝34＝18m+16sm；芡实2n=58，可配成29对，染色体小，第l号染色体有2条随体，莼菜2n＝72，可配成36对，染色体按大小可分成大，中、小三个类别。除莲外，其它5种植物的核型为首次报道。莼菜的体细胞染色体数目2n＝72和国外报道的2n＝80不相一致。莲的染色体以及形态学特征和其它睡莲科分类群显著不同，可将其从睡莲科中独立出来，并成立莲科和莲目。原归属于睡莲科的分类群仍组成睡莲目，并分别置于莼菜科和睡莲科。

关键词: 染色体, 核型, 睡莲科

Abstract:

The present paper reports the karyotypes of six species in the family

Nymphaeaceae (sensu lato), and discusses its taxonomic position. Results of the karyotype

analysis are as follows: (1) Nelumbo nucifera Gaertn. was found to have the karyotype 2n

= 16 = 9sm +4m + 3st, which belongs to 2B type. There was one heterozygous pair and one

pair of large subterminal chromosomes in the complement. (2) Victoria cruziana Orbign. was

shown to have the karyotype 2n= 24 = 8sm+8m+ 8T, which belongs to 2A type. The

chromosomes were the largest in the Nymphaeaceae. (3) Nymphaea stellata Willd. wag of

2n =28. No. 1 chromosome possessed two satellites. The chromosomes were the smallest in

the Nymphaeaceae. (4) Nuphar pumilum (Timm.) DC. had the karyotype 2n=34=18m

4+16sm, which belongs to 2A type. One satellite was on No. 8 chromosome and the other

was easily detached (5) Euryale fero Salisb. ex Konig et Sims. was of 2n=58. The 58

chromosomes were in 29 pairs. Its chromosomes were small. No. 1 chromosome possessed

two satellites. (6) Brasenia schreberi J. F. Gmel. was shown to have 2n=72. The 72 chro-

mosomes were in 36 pairs, which could be classified into 4 pairs of large chromosomes. 12

pairs of medium-sized ones and 20 pairs of small ones. Three satellites could be seen in some

karyotypes. Except N. nucifera, the karyotypes of all the species are first reported. The

great differences in the karyotype and morphological characteristics between Nelumbo and

the other members of the Nymphaeaceae suggest that the Nymphaeaceae (sensu lato) be di-

vided into two separate orders, namely Nelumbonales and Nymphaeales. Nelumbonales con-

tains a single family Nelumbonaceae and a monotypic genus Nelumbo, while the other plants

belonging to the Nymphaeaceae which constitute the order Nymphaeales. Nymphaeales may

also be divided into two separate families, Cabombaceae and Nymphaeaceae. Cabombaceae

containing Brasenia and other genera is the most primitive in the Nymphaeales. Nymphaea,

Euryale, Victoria and Nuphar are included in the Nymphaeaceae.

Key words: Chromosome, Karyotype, Nymphaeaceae

韦平和, 陈维培, 陈瑞阳. 睡莲科的核型分析及其分类学位置的探讨[J]. 中国科学院大学学报.

Wei Ping-he, Chen Wei-pei, Chen Rui-yang. Study on the Karyotype Analysis of Nymphaeaceae and Its Taxonomic Position[J]. .

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睡莲科的核型分析及其分类学位置的探讨

Study on the Karyotype Analysis of Nymphaeaceae and Its Taxonomic Position

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