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香蒲属的成分研究——IV.香蒲属化学和系统学的研究

廖矛川, 肖培根   

  1.  (中国医学科学院药用植物资源开发研究所,北京)
  • 收稿日期:1900-01-01 修回日期:1900-01-01 出版日期:1989-03-10 发布日期:1989-03-10
  • 通讯作者: 廖矛川

Studies on the Constituents of Typha L.—IV. A Preliminary Study of Chemosystematics of Typha L.

Liao Mao-Chuan, Xiao Pei-Gen   

  1.  (Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing)
  • Received:1900-01-01 Revised:1900-01-01 Online:1989-03-10 Published:1989-03-10
  • Contact: Liao Mao-Chuan

摘要:

从蒙古香蒲Typha davidiana,宽叶香蒲T.latifolia和长苞香蒲T.angustata花粉中
    分别分离得到几个相同的黄酮类化合物。三个为甙元,五个为黄酮醇甙;用薄层层析分析了
    五种香蒲花粉(包括上述三种)的黄酮类化合物,结果表明各种花粉黄酮成分基本一致。
    从化学上把香蒲属和黑三棱属及可能相关的16个科作了比较,结果表明:香蒲属与露兜
    树科相差很远;与帚灯草科,须叶藤科,谷精草科相似;与黑三棱属非常相似;因此建议把香蒲
    属和黑三棱属同归于一科——香蒲科,成立香蒲目。该目可能与帚灯草目接近。这些结果与
    近来的解剖学、孢粉学、血清学、胚胎学、和细胞学方面的研究结果是一致的。

关键词: 香蒲属, 黄酮类化合物, 黄酮醇甙, 化学系统学

Abstract:

 From pollen grains of Typha davidiana, T. latifolia, T. angustata the same eight
flavonoids have been isolated.  They are identified as naringenin I, isorhamnetin II, quercetin
III, isorhamnetin-3-O-(2G-α-L-rhamnopyranosyl)-rutioside IV, quercetin-3-O-(2G-α-L-rhamnopy-
ranosyl)-rutinosida, V, isorhamnetio-3-O-rutinoside VI, isorhamnetino-3-O-neohesperidoside  VII,
kampferol-3-O-neohesperidoside VIII.  Flavonoids of pollen grains of five species of Typha, in-
cluding the above three species, were analysed by TLC with the result showing that the consti-
tuents in the pollen grains of the five species are very similar.
       The chemical comparison among Typha and Sparganium and 16 possibly related families
shows that Typha is different from Pandanaceae or Pandanales and is similar to Restionaceae,
Flagellariaceae, Juncaceae and Cyperaceae in some respects.  Typha and Sparganium are very
similar in many respects, and they could be treated in the same family, Typhaceae, which merit
the rank of order, Typhales.

Key words: Typha L, Flavonoids, Flavonol glycosides, Chemosystematics