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银兰和金兰的核型研究

杨涤清, 朱燮桴   

  1. (江西庐山植物园,九江)
  • 收稿日期:1900-01-01 修回日期:1900-01-01 出版日期:1989-03-10 发布日期:1989-03-10
  • 通讯作者: 杨涤清

Studies on Karyotype of Cephalanthera erecta and C. falcat

Yang Di-Qing, Zhu Xie-Fu   

  • Received:1900-01-01 Revised:1900-01-01 Online:1989-03-10 Published:1989-03-10
  • Contact: Yang Di-Qing

摘要:

本文报道了国产头蕊兰属植物银兰和金兰的核型:  (1)银兰为  2n=34=10m十
  14sm+10st。金兰有两种细胞型,A型为2n=34=8m+16sm十10st;B型为2n=34=
  8m+22sm十4st。  后者为一个由染色体结构变异所产生的易位同型纯合子  (translocation
  homozygote),是由A型通过第1对染色体的短臂与第3对染色体的长臂之间的易位所产生。
  在植株外部形态上未见明显差异。  (2)按Stebbins(1971)的标准,三种核型均属不对称的
  “3C”型。

关键词: 银兰, 金兰, 核型

Abstract:

The present paper reports karyotype analysis of Cephalanthera erecta and C. falca-
ta from Lushan, China.  (1) The karyotype formula of C. erecta is 2n=34=10m+ 14sm+
10st. C. falcata has two cytotypes: type A  is  2n = 34 = 8m + 16sm + 10st, while
type B is 2n = 34 = 8m + 22sm + 4st. The type B is a translocation homozygote
derived from the type A by chromosomal structural reorganization, which involved a
translocation between the short arms of the 1st pair of chromosomes and the  long
arms of the 3rd pair. The type B is similar to the type A in morphological characteris-
sties. (2)In the light of Stebbins’ classification of karyotypic asymmetry, three kar-
yotypes of C. erecta and C. falcata belong to “3C”. Such an asymmetrical karyotype
in a primitive genus like Cephalanthera of Orchidaceae may be of great significance
for a discussion on evolution and deserves a further study.

Key words: Cephalanthera erecta, C.falcata, Karyotype