矮牡丹小孢子发生和雄配子体发育及其与该种濒危的关系

中国科学院大学学报

矮牡丹小孢子发生和雄配子体发育及其与该种濒危的关系

潘开玉,温洁,罗毅波,周世良

收稿日期:1900-01-01 修回日期:1900-01-01 出版日期:1999-05-10 发布日期:1999-05-10
通讯作者: 潘开玉

Formation of microspores and development of male gametes in Paeonia jishanensis, with an analysis of factors of endangerment of this entity

PAN Kai-Yu, WEN Jie, LUO Yi-Bo, ZHOU Shi-Liang

Received:1900-01-01 Revised:1900-01-01 Online:1999-05-10 Published:1999-05-10
Contact: PAN Kai-Yu

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

研究了矮牡丹Paeonia jishanensis Hong et W．Z．Zhao的小孢子发生及雄配子体的形成。矮

牡丹花药具4个小孢子囊，药壁结构属双子叶型，腺质绒毡层，小孢子母细胞减数分裂后胞质分裂为

同时型，四分体多为四面体形，少左右对称形，成熟花粉为2-细胞。对芍药属木本类型的雄性发育进行

了全面研究，还对小孢子母细胞减数分裂和单核小孢子发育时期的异常现象进行了观察，对能育花粉

与不育花粉的百分比进行了测定，结果表明，能育花粉为45.03％～84.18％，它们在不同花中，不同花

药中，甚至同一花药的不同花粉囊中表现都不完全一致。联系矮牡丹的致濒原因进行了讨论，认为雄

配子体形成过程中的异常现象，并不是导致矮牡丹濒危的主要因素。

关键词: 矮牡丹, 雄配子体发育, 异常现象

Abstract:

Investigated in the present work were development of microspores and formation

Of male gametes in Paeonia jishanensis T．Hong et W．Z．Zhao)．Its anthers are 4-sporran-

giate；structure of anther wall is of the Dicotyledonous type，with glandular tapetum；cy-

tokinesis at meiosis of microspore mother cells is simultaneous；tetrads are mostly tetrahe-

dral，less frequently isobilateral，and mature pollen grains are 2-celled． The overall observa-

tion on formation of microspores and development of male gametes made in this work is the

first for woody peonies．In addition，we observed in the present work abnormal phenomena

at meiosis of microspore mother cells and uninucleate microspores，and also made measure-

ments of fertility of pollen grains．The results show that their fertility ranges from 45.0％ to

84.2％ and varies among flowers，among anthers in a flower and among microsporangia in

an anther． The abnormal processes found in development of male gametes are not considered

as an important factor responsible for the endangerment of the species．

Key words: Paeonia jishanensis, Male gametes, Abnormality

潘开玉,温洁,罗毅波,周世良. 矮牡丹小孢子发生和雄配子体发育及其与该种濒危的关系[J]. 中国科学院大学学报.

PAN Kai-Yu, WEN Jie, LUO Yi-Bo, ZHOU Shi-Liang. Formation of microspores and development of male gametes in Paeonia jishanensis, with an analysis of factors of endangerment of this entity[J]. .

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