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鹅观草和簇毛麦属间杂种的形态学和细胞遗传学研究

周永红,伍碧华,傅体华,郑有良   

  • 收稿日期:1900-01-01 修回日期:1900-01-01 出版日期:1999-03-10 发布日期:1999-03-10
  • 通讯作者: 周永红

Morphology, fertility and cytogenetics of intergeneric hybrid between Roegneria kamoji Ohwi and Dasypyrum villosum (L.) Candargy (Poaceae: Triticeae)

ZHOU Yong-Hong, WU Bi-Hua, FU Ti-Hua, ZHENG You-Liang   

  • Received:1900-01-01 Revised:1900-01-01 Online:1999-03-10 Published:1999-03-10
  • Contact: ZHOU Yong-Hong

摘要:

 通过幼胚离体拯救培养,成功地获得鹅观草Roegneria kamoji Ohwi(2n=6x=42,StStHHYY)和
簇毛麦Dasypyrum villosum(L.)Candargy(2n=2x=14,VV)属间杂种,对这两个种及其杂种Fl的形
态学、繁育学和减数分裂配对行为进行了研究。结果表明:(1)鹅观草和簇毛麦形态差异极大,杂种F1
的形态特征介于父母本之间;(2)杂交结实率低,为11.63%;经幼胚组织培养,获2株杂种苗;杂种Fl
度不育,表明亲本间存在极强的生殖隔离,是独立的生物学种;(3)杂种Fl体细胞染色体数目为稳定的
28条,减数分裂中期I染色体配对很低,其构型为:26.72Ⅰ+0.62Ⅱ+0.02Ⅲ。表明鹅观草的St、H、Y
染色体组与簇毛麦的V染色体组部分同源性很低,它们的亲缘关系较远。

关键词: 鹅观草, 簇毛麦, 属间杂种, 减数分裂, 染色体组, 染色体配对, 亲缘关系

Abstract:

 The intergeneric hybrids between Roegneria kamoji Ohwi and Dasypyrum villo-
sum (L.)Candargy were successfully obtained by means of embryo culture in vitro. Studies
 on morphology, fertility and chromosome pairing behavior in meiosis of the parents and their
 hybrid Fl were carried out in the present work. The results showed that: (1) there were ob-
 vious morphological differences between R. kamoji and D. villosum, and spikes of Fl
 plants were morphologically intermediate between the two parental species; (2) the seed set
 of the cross was 11.63%; the hybrid plant was infertile, which indicated that strong repro-
 ductive isolation existed between the parents and R. kamoji and D. villosum were inde-
 pendent biological species; (3) The somatic chromosome number in root-tips of Fl hybrids
 was 28. Chromosome pairing at MI of PMCs in Fl hybrids was quite low. The meiotic con-
 figuration was 26.72 Ⅰ + 0.62 Ⅱ + 0.02 Ⅲ, which indicated that very low homoeology
 was detected between the St, H, Y genomes of R. kamoji and the V genome of D. villo-
 sum, and the relationship between the parental species was remote.

Key words: Roegneria kamoji, Dasypyrum villosum, Intergeneric hybrid, Meiosis, Genome, Chromosome pairing Relationship