Chromosome Numbers in Leonurus japonicus Houtt. (Labiatae)

Abstract

Abstract:

Leonurus japonicus Houtt. [L. heterophyllus Sweet, L. artemisia (Lour.) S. Y.

Hu] is one of the most important traditional Chinese medicines used as a remedy for gynaeco-

logical disease since ancient times. A cytological investigation on the species was carried out

and the materials for chromosomal examination were collected from 26 localities in 20 provi-

noes and autonomous regions of this country. The number of chromosomes in root tip cell of

the species was found to be 20 on the whole (Tab. 1:1), agreeing with those reported by Ma and

al.^[2] and probably by Chuang and al.^[3] as well.

The genus Leonurus L. is variable in its chromosomes with an aneuploidy of x=9, 10 and

12. The present authors would propose that the primitive basic number of chromosome in the

genus is 9, and thus both 10 and 12 are derived, for: (1) among the 9 species (including 1 sub-

species) heretofore cytologically examined, x=9 occurring in 66.7%, x=10 occurring in 22.2%,

while x=12 occurring only in 11.1%; (2) in generaclosely related to the genus under considera-

tion, such as Panzeria, Galeobdolon and Lamium x=9 being the sole basic number.

But L. japonicus exhibits a mixoploidy of 2n=20 (occurring at the rate of 53.30% of the

total amount of cells examined), 2n=18 (30.70%), and 2n=16 (15.99%) in our work. (Table

1). Since the original basic number of chromosome of the genus is 9 as proposed above, 2n=

20 would be considered as a derived one and the occurrence of 2n=18 probably suggests an

early evolutionary trend of 2n=18→20 of the pecies in question.

Key words: Leonurus, L.japonicus, Chromosome number, China

Hsu Ping-Sheng, Ge Chuan-Ji, Li Yan-Kun, Yan Li. Chromosome Numbers in Leonurus japonicus Houtt. (Labiatae)[J]. .

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Chromosome Numbers in Leonurus japonicus Houtt. (Labiatae)

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