Spatial distribution and ecological risk assessment of heavy metals in a lead smelting site in Central China

doi:10.7523/j.ucas.2021.0080

Abstract

Abstract: Taking a lead smelting site in Central China as the research object, the contents of 8 heavy metals, including As, Cd, Cr, Cu, Hg, Ni, Pb, and Zn, in the soil of the smelter were determined in order to explore the spatial distribution of heavy metal pollution in the soil of nonferrous smelting sites and its ecological risks. Using the interpolation analysis method of ArcGIS, the spatial distribution characteristics of heavy metals in the soil was studied. The Nemerow index method and potential ecological risk assessment were used to assess the contamination level. The lead smelting site showed severe contamination. The over-standard rates of As, Pb, and Cr in the soil were 80%, 50%, and 50%. The spatial distribution characteristics of surface soil heavy metal pollution were mainly local spotty pollution and the high content of heavy metals was mostly concentrated in the electrolysis workshop due to the accumulation of heavy metal containing waste residue. According to the evaluation results of Nemerow pollution index, Pb and As in the research area reached the level of severe pollution. The results of potential ecological risk assessment showed that As, Cd, Hg, and Pb had a extremely strong risk. Combining the two pollution assessment methods, Pb, As, Hg, Cd were the target pollutants of soil remediation in this area. The research results have important scientific significance and practical guidance value for heavy metal remediation in lead smelting site.

Key words: smelting site, heavy metal pollution, spatial distribution, ecological risk, site remediation

CLC Number:

HANG Yufei, TAN Jingqiang, DENG Min, HU Guoqing, GUO Zhaohui, LI Chuxuan, XUE Shengguo. Spatial distribution and ecological risk assessment of heavy metals in a lead smelting site in Central China[J]. Journal of University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, 2022, 39(4): 481-489.

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