Tectonic evolution and mineralization of Carlin-type gold deposits in Youjiang basin

doi:10.7523/j.ucas.2021.0084

Abstract

Abstract: Youjiang basin (Nanpanjiang basin) experienced a complex tectonic evolution of Paleozoic prototype basin-superimposed basin, and finally, it appears as a residual basin. According to the tectonic setting, sedimentary series and magmatic rocks, the evolution of Youjiang basin after Caledonian movement can be divided into six stages:intracontinental extensional basin (early rift valley) evolution stage (D²₁-D¹₂), oceanic extensional basin (rift ocean basin) evolution stage (D₂-T₁), ocean basin extinction and foreland flexure basin evolution stage (T²₁-T¹₃), fold orogeny and post collisional extension stage (T¹₃-J₁), NW trending compression orogeny stage (J₂-K²₁), and local extension stage (K³₁-E). There are a large number of Carlin-type gold deposits in the basin, and most ore bodies occur in thrust-fold belts. The Carlin-type gold deposit has multi-stage metallogenic characteristics, large-scale mineralization mainly began in the compressive background and continued to the post orogenic extension stage, and there are two concentrated metallogenic periods. The first stage was formed in the evolution stage of foreland flexure basin related to collision orogeny to post collisional extension (235-193 Ma, Carlin-type gold deposit in the central and southern part of the basin). The mineralization in this stage was controlled by metamorphic hydrothermal fluids or hydrothermal fluids relate to magmatic melting which induced by the superposition of collision orogeny of the Yangtze Block and the Indochina Block and the subduction of the Paleo-Pacific plate to the Eurasian continent. The second stage was formed in the stage of NW trending compression orogeny to local extension (148-103 Ma, Carlin-type gold deposit in the whole Youjiang basin). The mineralization in this stage was mainly affected by the magmatic hydrothermal activities during the superposition and transformation of the pre-existing structures by the NW trending compression orogeny. Magmatic or metamorphic hydrothermal activities under extensional background before the Early Triassic has the effect of initial enrichment, and it has the effect of superimposed and reformation post mineralization after the Early Cretaceous. The ore-forming fluid of Carlin-type gold deposit has the characteristics of mixed sources. It is mainly metamorphic hydrothermal solution in the central and southern part of the basin, and mostly mixed source hydrothermal solution in the central part of the basin. While, the ore-forming fluid is mainly magmatic hydrothermal solution in the northern part of Youjiang basin. Through comparative analysis, it is considered that the ages obtained by different dating methods can represent the metallogenic age to a certain extent. And the combined application of multiple methods should be used to limit the metallogenic age of Carlin-type gold deposits.

Key words: Youjiang basin, basin evolution, Carlin-type gold deposit, superimposed reformation, metallogenic epoch

CLC Number:

P611
P618

FENG Hongye, JU Yiwen, ZHU Hongjian, YU Kun, QIAO Peng, JU Liting, XIAO Lei. Tectonic evolution and mineralization of Carlin-type gold deposits in Youjiang basin[J]. Journal of University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, 2023, 40(5): 614-636.

References

[1] 琚宜文, 孙盈, 王国昌, 等. 盆地形成与演化的动力学类型及其地球动力学机制[J]. 地质科学, 2015, 50(2):503-523. DOI:10.3969/j.issn.0563-5020.2015.02.010.
[2] Ju Y W, Wang G Z, Li S Z, et al. Geodynamic mechanism and classification of basins in the Earth system[J]. Gondwana Research, 2022,102:200-228. DOI:10.1016/j.gr.2020.08.017.
[3] 秦建华, 吴应林, 颜仰基, 等. 南盘江盆地海西-印支期沉积构造演化[J/OL]. 地质学报, 1996, 70(2):99-107(1996-05-15)[2021-12-18]. https://kns.cnki.net/kcms/detail/detail.aspx?FileName=DZXE199602000&DbName=CJFQ1996.
[4] 杜远生, 黄虎, 杨江海, 等. 晚古生代-中三叠世右江盆地的格局和转换[J]. 地质论评, 2013, 59(1):1-11. DOI:10.16509/j.georeview.2013.01.009.
[5] 陈沈强, 朱民, 熊光耀, 等. 上扬子西南部晚三叠世古隆起演化及其构造意义[J]. 大地构造与成矿学, 2017, 41(4):653-662. DOI:10.16539/j.ddgzyckx.2017.04.003.
[6] 黄虎, 杜远生, 黄志强, 等. 桂西晚古生代硅质岩地球化学特征及其对右江盆地构造演化的启示[J/OL]. 中国科学:地球科学, 2013, 43(2):304-316(2013-02-20)[2021-12-18]. https://kns.cnki.net/KCMS/detail/detail.aspx?filename=JDXK201302015&dbname=CJFD&dbcode=CJFQ.
[7] 夏文静, 闫全人, 向忠金, 等. 南盘江盆地八渡辉绿岩斜锆石和锆石U-Pb年龄及其地质意义[J]. 地球学报, 2019, 40(2):265-278. DOI:10.3975/cagsb.2018.070901.
[8] 罗孝桓. 黔西南右江区金矿床控矿构造样式及成矿作用分析[J/OL]. 贵州地质, 1997, (4):312-320. (1997-12-30)[2021-12-18]. https://kns.cnki.net/KCMS/detail/detail.aspx?filename=GZDZ199704004&dbname=CJFD&dbcode=CJFQ.
[9] 刘寅, 胡凯, 韩善楚, 等. 右江盆地构造和演化及对卡林型金矿床的控制作用[J]. 高校地质学报, 2015, 21(1):1-14. DOI:10.16108/j.issn1006-7493.2014161.
[10] 杨成富, 刘建中, 顾雪祥, 等. 南盘江-右江盆地构造演化与金锑成矿作用[J]. 地球学报, 2020, 41(2):280-292. DOI:10.3975/cagsb.2020.021501.
[11] 朱经经, 钟宏, 谢桂青, 等. 右江盆地酸性脉岩继承锆石成因及地质意义[J/OL]. 岩石学报, 2016, 32(11):3269-3280(2016-12-20)[2021-12-18]. https://d.wanfangdata.com.cn/periodical/ysxb98201611003.
[12] Hu R Z, Fu S L, Huang Y, et al. The giant South China Mesozoic low-temperature metallogenic domain:reviews and a new geodynamic model[J]. Journal of Asian Earth Sciences, 2017, 137:9-34. DOI:10.1016/j.jseaes.2016.10.016.
[13] Zhu J J, Hu R Z, Richards J P, et al. No genetic link between Late Cretaceous felsic dikes and Carlin-type Au deposits in the Youjiang basin, Southwest China[J]. Ore Geology Reviews, 2017, 84:328-337. DOI:10.1016/j.oregeorev.2017.01.014.
[14] 胡煜昭. 黔西南坳陷沉积盆地分析与锑、金成矿研究[D]. 昆明:昆明理工大学, 2011.
[15] 刘建中, 夏勇, 陶琰, 等. 贵州西南部SBT研究[M]. 武汉:中国地质大学出版社, 2017.
[16] 高伟. 桂西北卡林型金矿成矿年代学和动力学[D]. 北京:中国科学院大学, 2018.
[17] Su W C, Dong W D, Zhang X C, et al. Carlin-type gold deposits in the Dian-Qian-Gui "golden triangle" of southwest China[M]//Diversity in Carlin-Style Gold Deposits. Littleton:Society of Economic Geologists, 2018, 20:157-185. DOI:10.5382/rev.20.05.
[18] 黄虎, 杨江海, 杜远生, 等. 右江盆地上二叠统—中三叠统凝灰岩年龄及其地质意义[J]. 地球科学, 2012, 37(1):125-138. DOI:10.3799/dqkx.2012.012.
[19] 皮桥辉, 胡瑞忠, 彭科强, 等. 云南富宁者桑金矿床与基性岩年代测定:兼论滇黔桂地区卡林型金矿成矿构造背景[J/OL]. 岩石学报, 2016, 32(11):3331-3342(2016-12-20)[2021-12-18]. https://d.wanfangdata.com.cn/periodical/ysxb98201611008.
[20] 陈懋弘, 陆刚, 李新华. 桂西北地区石英斑岩脉白云母⁴⁰Ar/³⁹Ar年龄及其地质意义[J]. 高校地质学报, 2012, 18(1):106-116. DOI:10.16108/j.issn1006-7493.2012.01.011.
[21] 甘成势, 王岳军, 张玉芝, 等. 右江盆地晚侏罗世钾玄质高镁安山岩的厘定及其构造意义[J/OL]. 岩石学报, 2016, 32(11):3281-3294(2016-12-20)[2021-12-18]. https://d.wanfangdata.com.cn/periodical/ysxb98201611004.
[22] Liu S, Su W C, Hu R Z, et al. Geochronological and geochemical constraints on the petrogenesis of alkaline ultramafic dykes from southwest Guizhou Province, SW China[J]. Lithos, 2010, 114(1/2):253-264. DOI:10.1016/j.lithos.2009.08.012.
[23] Wang X F, Metcalfe I, Jian P, et al. The Jinshajiang-Ailaoshan suture zone, China:tectonostratigraphy, age and evolution[J]. Journal of Asian Earth Sciences, 2000, 18(6):675-690. DOI:10.1016/S1367-9120(00)00039-0.
[24] Jian P, Liu D Y, Kröner A, et al. Devonian to Permian plate tectonic cycle of the Paleo-Tethys Orogen in southwest China(II):insights from zircon ages of ophiolites, arc/back-arc assemblages and within-plate igneous rocks and generation of the Emeishan CFB province[J]. Lithos, 2009, 113(3/4):767-784. DOI:10.1016/j.lithos.2009.04.006.
[25] 乔龙. 右江盆地及其周缘地区构造演化及铝土矿成矿作用[D]. 北京:中国地质大学(北京), 2016.
[26] 朱江, 张招崇, 侯通, 等. 贵州盘县峨眉山玄武岩系顶部凝灰岩LA-ICP-MS锆石U-Pb年龄:对峨眉山大火成岩省与生物大规模灭绝关系的约束[J/OL]. 岩石学报, 2011, 27(9):2743-2751(2011-09-15)[2021-12-18]. https://kns.cnki.net/kcms/detail/detail.aspx?FileName=YSXB201109023&DbName=CJFQ2011.
[27] Shellnutt J G, Pham T T, Denyszyn S W, et al. Magmatic duration of the Emeishan large igneous province:insight from northern Vietnam[J]. Geology, 2020, 48(5):457-461. DOI:10.1130/g47076.1.
[28] Zhong Y T, Mundil R, Chen J, et al. Geochemical, biostratigraphic, and high-resolution geochronological constraints on the waning stage of Emeishan Large Igneous Province[J]. GSA Bulletin, 2020, 132(9/10):1969-1986. DOI:10.1130/b35464.1.
[29] Zhu J, Zhang Z C, Reichow M K, et al. Weak vertical surface movement caused by the ascent of the Emeishan mantle anomaly[J]. Journal of Geophysical Research:Solid Earth, 2018, 123(2):1018-1034. DOI:10.1002/2017JB015058.
[30] Shang Z, Chen Y Q. Zircon U-Pb geochronology, ggeochemistry and geological significance of the Anisian alkaline basalts in Gejiu district, Yunnan Province[J]. Minerals, 2020, 10(11):1030. DOI:10.3390/min10111030.
[31] Deng J, Wang Q F, Li G J, et al. Geology and genesis of the giant Beiya porphyry-skarn gold deposit, northwestern Yangtze Block, China[J]. Ore Geology Reviews, 2015, 70:457-485. DOI:10.1016/j.oregeorev.2015.02.015.
[32] Wang C M, Bagas L, Lu Y J, et al. Terrane boundary and spatio-temporal distribution of ore deposits in the Sanjiang Tethyan Orogen:insights from zircon Hf-isotopic mapping[J]. Earth-Science Reviews, 2016, 156:39-65. DOI:10.1016/j.earscirev.2016.02.008.
[33] Liu H C, Wang Y J, Fan W M, et al. Petrogenesis and tectonic implications of Late-Triassic high ε Nd(t)-ε Hf(t) granites in the Ailaoshan tectonic zone (SW China)[J]. Science China Earth Sciences, 2014, 57(9):2181-2194. DOI:10.1007/s11430-014-4854-z.
[34] 董树文, 李廷栋, 钟大赉, 等. 侏罗纪/白垩纪之交东亚板块汇聚的研究进展和展望[J]. 中国科学基金, 2009, 23(5):281-286. DOI:10.16262/j.cnki.1000-8217.2009.05.005.
[35] 陈懋弘, 章伟, 杨宗喜, 等. 黔西南白层超基性岩墙锆石SHRIMP U-Pb年龄和Hf同位素组成研究[J]. 矿床地质, 2009, 28(3):240-250. DOI:10.3969/j.issn.0258-7106.2009.03.002.
[36] 胡瑞忠, 苏文超, 毕献武, 等. 滇黔桂三角区微细浸染型金矿床成矿热液一种可能的演化途径:年代学证据[J]. 矿物学报, 1995, 15(2):144-149. DOI:10.16461/j.cnki.1000-4734.1995.02.005.
[37] 刘建中, 邓一明, 刘川勤, 等. 贵州省贞丰县水银洞层控特大型金矿成矿条件与成矿模式[J]. 中国地质, 2006, 33(1):169-177. DOI:10.3969/j.issn.1000-3657.2006.01.019.
[38] 赵静, 梁金龙, 李军, 等. 贵州贞丰水银洞金矿矿床成因与成矿模式:来自载金黄铁矿NanoSIMS多元素Mapping及原位微区硫同位素的证据[J]. 地学前缘, 2018, 25(1):157-167. DOI:10.13745/j.esf.yx.2018.01.011.
[39] Liang J L, Li J, Liu X M, et al. Multiple element mapping and in-situ S isotopes of Au-carrying pyrite of Shuiyindong gold deposit, southwestern China using NanoSIMS:constraints on Au sources, ore fluids, and mineralization processes[J]. Ore Geology Reviews, 2020, 123:103576. DOI:10.1016/j.oregeorev.2020.103576.
[40] 杨友, 吴绘. 册亨县丫他金矿外围及深部找矿靶区的圈定[J]. 西部探矿工程, 2016, 28(11):157-161. DOI:10.3969/j.issn.1004-5716.2016.11.052.
[41] 曾国平. 黔西南矿集区西段微细浸染型金矿构造控矿作用研究[D]. 武汉:中国地质大学, 2018.
[42] 范军. 黔西南戈塘大型金矿床地质地球化学及成因研究[D]. 昆明:昆明理工大学, 2015.
[43] 黄建国, 李虎杰, 李文杰, 等. 贵州戈塘金矿萤石微量元素特征及钐-钕测年[J/OL]. 地球科学进展, 2012, 27(10):1087-1093(2012-10-10)[2021-12-18]. https://kns.cnki.net/kcms/detail/detail.aspx?dbcode=CJFD&dbname=CJFD2012&filename=DXJZ201210008&uniplatform=NZKPT&v=pKQRL1ONbziHtwVubFzbKWMX4FOZ8sQoJ-w0DZaJrPA2BQapz8y-TLSA5aWnRJe-.
[44] 靳晓野. 黔西南泥堡、水银洞和丫他金矿床的成矿作用特征与矿床成因研究[D]. 武汉:中国地质大学, 2017.
[45] Ge X, Selby D, Liu J J, et al. Genetic relationship between hydrocarbon system evolution and Carlin-type gold mineralization:insights from Re-Os pyrobitumen and pyrite geochronology in the Nanpanjiang Basin, South China[J]. Chemical Geology, 2021, 559:119953. DOI:10.1016/j.chemgeo.2020.119953.
[46] 刘东升, 耿文辉. 我国卡林型金矿的地质特征、成因及找矿方向[J/OL]. 地质与勘探, 1987(12):1-12(1987-06-30)[2021-12-18]. https://kns.cnki.net/KCMS/detail/detail.aspx?filename=DZKT198712000&dbname=CJFD&dbcode=CJFQ.
[47] 王国田. 桂西北地区三条铷-锶等时线年龄[J/OL]. 广西地质, 1992(1):29-35(1992-04-01)[2021-12-18]. https://kns.cnki.net/KCMS/detail/detail.aspx?filename=GXDZ199201006&dbname=CJFD&dbcode=CJFQ.
[48] 张峰, 杨科佑. A study on the metallogenetic epoch fine disseminated gold deposit in southwest Guizhou using the fission track[J/OL]. 中国科学通报:英文版, 1993(5):408-412(1993-01-01)[2021-12-18]. https://kns.cnki.net/kcms/detail/detail.aspx?FileName=JXTW199305014&DbName=CJFQ1993.
[49] 李泽琴, 陈尚迪, 王奖臻, 等. 桂西金牙微细浸染型金矿床同位素地球化学研究[J]. 矿物岩石, 1995(2):66-72. DOI:10.19719/j.cnki.1001-6872.1995.02.012.
[50] 苏文超, 杨科佑, 胡瑞忠, 等. 中国西南部卡林型金矿床流体包裹体年代学研究:以贵州烂泥沟大型卡林型金矿床为例[J]. 矿物学报, 1998(3):359-362. DOI:10.16461/j.cnki.1000-4734.1998.03.015.
[51] 朱赖民, 刘显凡, 金景福, 等. 滇-黔-桂微细浸染型金矿床时空分布与成矿流体来源研究[J/OL]. 地质科学, 1998(4):463-474(1998-11-25)[2021-12-18]. https://kns.cnki.net/kcms/detail/detail.aspx?FileName=DZKX804.008&DbName=CJFQ1998.
[52] 刘平, 李沛刚, 马荣, 等. 一个与火山碎屑岩和热液喷发有关的金矿床:贵州泥堡金矿[J]. 矿床地质, 2006, 25(1):101-110. DOI:10.3969/j.issn.0258-7106.2006.01.013.
[53] 陈懋弘, 毛景文, 吴六灵, 等. 贵州锦丰(烂泥沟)金矿成矿年代学研究新进展:兼论滇黔桂"金三角"卡林型金矿成矿时代和动力学背景[J/OL]. 矿床地质, 2006, 25(S1):7-10(2006-11-15)[2021-12-18]. https://kns.cnki.net/KCMS/detail/detail.aspx?filename=KCDZ2006S1007&dbname=CJFD&dbcode=CJFQ.
[54] 陈懋弘, 黄庆文, 胡瑛, 等. 贵州烂泥沟金矿层状硅酸盐矿物及其³⁹Ar-⁴⁰Ar年代学研究[J]. 矿物学报, 2009, 29(3):353-362. DOI:10.16461/j.cnki.1000-4734.2009.03.013.
[55] Chen M H, Bagas L, Liao X, et al. Hydrothermal apatite SIMS Th-Pb dating:constraints on the timing of low-temperature hydrothermal Au deposits in Nibao, SW China[J]. Lithos, 2019, 324-325:418-428. DOI:10.1016/j.lithos.2018.11.018.
[56] Su W C, Hu R Z, Xia B, et al. Calcite Sm-Nd isochron age of the Shuiyindong Carlin-type gold deposit, Guizhou, China[J]. Chemical Geology, 2009, 258(3/4):269-274. DOI:10.1016/j.chemgeo.2008.10.030.
[57] Gu X X, Zhang Y M, Li B H, et al. Hydrocarbon-and ore-bearing basinal fluids:a possible link between gold mineralization and hydrocarbon accumulation in the Youjiang basin, South China[J]. Mineralium Deposita, 2012, 47(6):663-682. DOI:10.1007/s00126-011-0388-x.
[58] Wang Z P, Xia Y, Song X Y, et al. Study on the evolution of ore-formation fluids for Au-Sb ore deposits and the mechanism of Au-Sb paragenesis and differentiation in the southwestern part of Guizhou Province, China[J]. Chinese Journal of Geochemistry, 2013, 32(1):56-68. DOI:10.1007/s11631-013-0607-5.
[59] 刘苏桥, 陈懋弘, 杨锋, 等. 广西金牙金矿毒砂Re-Os同位素测年和硫同位素示踪[J]. 桂林理工大学学报, 2014, 34(3):423-430. DOI:10.3969/j.issn.1674-9057.2014.03.003.
[60] Chen M H, Mao J W, Li C, et al. Re-Os isochron ages for arsenopyrite from Carlin-like gold deposits in the Yunnan-Guizhou-Guangxi "golden triangle", southwestern China[J]. Ore Geology Reviews, 2015, 64:316-327. DOI:10.1016/j.oregeorev.2014.07.019.
[61] 董文斗. 右江盆地南缘辉绿岩容矿金矿床地球化学研究[D]. 北京:中国科学院大学, 2017.
[62] Pi Q H, Hu R Z, Xiong B, et al. In situ SIMS U-Pb dating of hydrothermal rutile:reliable age for the Zhesang Carlin-type gold deposit in the golden triangle region, SW China[J]. Mineralium Deposita, 2017, 52(8):1179-1190. DOI:10.1007/s00126-017-0715-y.
[63] Zhu J, Zhang Z C, Santosh M, et al. Carlin-style gold Province linked to the extinct Emeishan plume[J]. Earth and Planetary Science Letters, 2020, 530(1):115940. DOI:10.1016/j.epsl.2019.115940.
[64] 侯增谦, 陈文, 卢记仁. 四川峨嵋大火成岩省259 Ma大陆溢流玄武岩喷发事件:来自激光⁴⁰Ar/³⁹Ar 测年证据[J/OL]. 地质学报, 2006, 80(8):1130(2006-08-15)[2021-12-18]. https://kns.cnki.net/KCMS/detail/detail.aspx?filename=DZXE200608010&dbname=CJFD&dbcode=CJFQ.
[65] 胡煜昭. 基于埋藏史-剥蚀史的晴隆锑矿成矿深度、成矿时间分析[J]. 矿床地质, 2010, 29(S1):403-404. DOI:10.16111/j.0258-7106.2010.s1.210.
[66] Hofstra A H, Snee L W, Rye R O, et al. Age constraints on Jerritt Canyon and other carlin-type gold deposits in the Western United States; relationship to mid-Tertiary extension and magmatism[J]. Economic Geology, 1999, 94(6):769-802. DOI:10.2113/gsecongeo.94.6.769.
[67] Meinhold G. Rutile and its applications in earth sciences[J]. Earth-Science Reviews, 2010, 102(1/2):1-28. DOI:10.1016/j.earscirev.2010.06.001.
[68] 胡芳芳, 范宏瑞, 杨进辉, 等. 胶东乳山含金石英脉型金矿的成矿年龄:热液锆石SHRIMP法U-Pb测定[J]. 科学通报, 2004, 49(12):1191-1198. DOI:10.3321/j.issn:0023-074X.2004.12.014.
[69] Zhou Q, Jiang Y H, Zhao P, et al. SHRIMP U-Pb dating on hydrothermal zircons:evidence for an Early Cretaceous epithermal event in the Middle Jurassic Dexing porphyry copper deposit, southeast China[J]. Economic Geology, 2012, 107(7):1507-1514. DOI:10.2113/econgeo.107.7.1507.
[70] Zhang X C, Spiro B, Halls C, et al. Sediment-hosted disseminated gold deposits in southwest Guizhou, PRC:their geological setting and origin in relation to mineralogical, fluid inclusion, and stable-isotope characteristics[J]. International Geology Review, 2003, 45(5):407-470. DOI:10.2747/0020-6814.45.5.407.
[71] Su W C, Heinrich C A, Pettke T, et al. Sediment-hosted gold deposits in Guizhou, China:products of wall-rock sulfidation by deep crustal fluids[J]. Economic Geology, 2009, 104(1):73-93. DOI:10.2113/gsecongeo.104.1.73.
[72] Tagami T, O'Sullivan P B. Fundamentals of fission-track thermochronology[J]. Reviews in Mineralogy and Geochemistry, 2005, 58(1):19-47. DOI:10.2138/rmg.2005.58.2.
[73] Feng H Y, Ju Y W, Chen B, et al. Micro-nanoscale characteristics of pyrite and its implications for gold mineralization:two cases of gold deposits in the Youjiang basin and southwestern Tianshan mountains[J]. Journal of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology, 2021, 21(1):246-261. DOI:10.1166/jnn.2021.18744.
[74] Su W C, Zhang H T, Hu R Z, et al. Mineralogy and geochemistry of gold-bearing arsenian pyrite from the Shuiyindong Carlin-type gold deposit, Guizhou, China:implications for gold depositional processes[J]. Mineralium Deposita, 2012, 47(6):653-662. DOI:10.1007/s00126-011-0328-9.
[75] 国家辉, 黄德保, 施立达, 等. 桂西北超微粒型金矿及其成矿和找矿模式[M]. 北京:地震出版社, 1992.
[76] 王国田.桂西北微细粒浸染型JY金矿床形成机理初探[J/OL]. 南方国土资源, 1989(2):15-24(1989-07-02)[2021-12-18]. https://kns.cnki.net/KCMS/detail/detail.aspx?filename=GXDZ198902002&dbname=CJFD&dbcode=CJFQ.
[77] 朱赖民, 金景福, 何明友, 等. 初论黔西南微细浸染型金矿床深源流体成矿[J/OL]. 矿物岩石地球化学通报, 1997(3):173-177(1997-07-12)[2021-12-18]. https://kns.cnki.net/kcms/detail/detail.aspx?FileName=KYDH703.008&DbName=CJFQ1997.
[78] 张馨月, 胡煜昭, 刘晓震. 贵州尾若金矿床载金矿物EPMA分析与原位硫同位素特征[J]. 矿物学报, 2019, 39(1):98-107. DOI:10.16461/j.cnki.1000-4734.2019.39.012.
[79] Hu X L, Gong Y J, Zeng G P, et al. Multistage pyrite in the Getang sediment-hosted disseminated gold deposit, southwestern Guizhou Province, China:insights from textures and in situ chemical and sulfur isotopic analyses[J]. Ore Geology Reviews, 2018, 99:1-16. DOI:10.1016/j.oregeorev.2018.05.020.
[80] 董磊, 黄建国, 李文杰. 贵州戈塘金矿床地质特征及成因研究[J]. 西南科技大学学报, 2011, 26(3):41-44. DOI:10.3969/j.issn.1671-8755.2011.03.010.
[81] Zhao J, Liang J L, Long X P, et al. Genesis and evolution of framboidal pyrite and its implications for the ore-forming process of Carlin-style gold deposits, southwestern China[J]. Ore Geology Reviews, 2018, 102:426-436. DOI:10.1016/j.oregeorev.2018.09.022.
[82] Hou L, Peng H J, Ding J, et al. Textures and in situ chemical and isotopic analyses of pyrite, Huijiabao trend, Youjiang basin, China:implications for paragenesis and source of sulfur[J]. Economic Geology, 2016, 111(2):331-353. DOI:10.2113/econgeo.111.2.331.
[83] 王泽鹏, 夏勇, 宋谢炎, 等. 黔西南灰家堡卡林型金矿田硫铅同位素组成及成矿物质来源研究[J/OL]. 矿物岩石地球化学通报, 2013, 32(6):746-752, 758(2013-10-14)[2021-12-18]. https://kns.cnki.net/kcms/detail/detail.aspx?FileName=KYDH201306011&DbName=CJFQ2013.
[84] Peng Y W, Gu X X, Zhang Y M, et al. Ore-forming process of the Huijiabao gold district, southwestern Guizhou Province, China:evidence from fluid inclusions and stable isotopes[J]. Journal of Asian Earth Sciences, 2014, 93:89-101. DOI:10.1016/j.jseaes.2014.06.022.
[85] 郭振春. 贵州兴仁紫木凼金矿床地质特征及成因初探[J/OL]. 贵州地质, 1988(3):201-218, 295(1988-09-30)[2021-12-18]. https://kns.cnki.net/KCMS/detail/detail.aspx?filename=GZDZ198803000&dbname=CJFD&dbcode=CJFQ.
[86] Xie Z J, Xia Y, Cline J S, et al. Magmatic origin for sediment-hosted Au deposits, Guizhou Province, China:in situ chemistry and sulfur isotope composition of pyrites, Shuiyindong and Jinfeng deposits[J]. Economic Geology, 2018, 113(7):1627-1652. DOI:10.5382/econgeo.2018.4607.
[87] Machel H G. Bacterial and thermochemical sulfate reduction in diagenetic settings:old and new insights[J]. Sedimentary Geology, 2001, 140(1/2):143-175. DOI:10.1016/S0037-0738(00)00176-7.
[88] Shen Y N, Buick R, Canfield D E. Isotopic evidence for microbial sulphate reduction in the early Archaean era[J] Nature, 2001, 410:77-81. DOI:10.1038/35065071.
[89] Ripley E M, Ohmoto H. A FORTRAN program for plotting mineral stabilities in the Fe-Cu-S-O system in terms of log(∑SO₄/∑H₂S) or logfO₂ vs pH or T[J]. Computers & Geosciences, 1979, 5(3/4):289-300. DOI:10.1016/0098-3004(79)90025-6.
[90] Huston D L, Sie S H, Suter G F, et al. Trace elements in sulfide minerals from eastern Australian volcanic-hosted massive sulfide deposits; Part Ⅰ, Proton microprobe analyses of pyrite, chalcopyrite, and sphalerite, and Part Ⅱ, Selenium levels in pyrite; comparison with delta ³⁴S values and implications for the source of sulfur in volcanogenic hydrothermal systems[J]. Economic Geology, 1995, 90(5):1167-1196. DOI:10.2113/gsecongeo.90.5.1167.
[91] 刘显凡, 刘家军, 朱赖民, 等. 滇黔桂微细浸染型金矿铅同位素组成及应用[J/OL]. 矿物岩石地球化学通报, 1997, 16(3):178-182(1997-07-12)[2021-12-18]. https://kns.cnki.net/kcms/detail/detail.aspx?FileName=KYDH703.009&DbName=CJFQ1997.
[92] 陶平, 朱华, 陶勇. 黔西南凝灰岩型金矿的层控特征分析[J]. 贵州地质, 2004(1):23, 30-37. DOI:10.3969/j.issn.1000-5943.2004.01.007.
[93] 王国芝, 胡瑞忠, 苏文超, 等. Fluid flow and mineralization of Youjiang basin in the Yunnan-Guizhou-Guangxi area, China[J]. Science in China(Series D:Earth Sciences), 2003(S1):99-109. DOI:10.3969/j.issn.1674-7313.2003.z1.009.
[94] Qi L, Zhou M F. Platinum-group elemental and Sr-Nd-Os isotopic geochemistry of Permian Emeishan flood basalts in Guizhou Province, SW China[J]. Chemical Geology, 2008, 248(1/2):83-103. DOI:10.1016/j.chemgeo.2007.11.004.
[95] Tao Y, Li C S, Hu R Z, et al. Petrogenesis of the Pt-Pd mineralized Jinbaoshan ultramafic intrusion in the Permian Emeishan Large Igneous Province, SW China[J]. Contributions to Mineralogy and Petrology, 2007, 153(3):321-337. DOI:10.1007/s00410-006-0149-5.
[96] Zhang Z C, Mao J W, Wang F S, et al. Native gold and native copper grains enclosed by olivine phenocrysts in a picrite lava of the Emeishan large igneous province, SW China[J]. American Mineralogist, 2006, 91(7):1178-1183. DOI:10.2138/am.2006.1888.
[97] Tassara S, González-Jiménez J M, Reich M, et al. Plume-subduction interaction forms large auriferous provinces[J]. Nature Communications, 2017, 8:843. DOI:10.1038/s41467-017-00821-z.
[98] Wang X Q, Zhang B M, Lin X, et al. Geochemical challenges of diverse regolith-covered terrains for mineral exploration in China[J]. Ore Geology Reviews, 2016, 73:417-431. DOI:10.1016/j.oregeorev.2015.08.015.
[99] 陈衍景. 大陆碰撞成矿理论的创建及应用[J/OL]. 岩石学报, 2013, 29(1):1-17(2013-01-15)[2021-12-18]. https://kns.cnki.net/kcms/detail/detail.aspx?FileName=YSXB201301002&DbName=CJFQ2013.