TIAN Xiao-Xue , LUO Kun-Li , TAN Jian-An , LI Ri-Bang . Progress on the K/T Boundary : the Relation between Chemical Elements Abnormity and Dinosaurs Extinction[J]. Journal of University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, 2005 , 22(6) : 667 -675 . DOI: 10.7523/j.issn.2095-6134.2005.6.002

[1] Wang SY,Yin HF.Discovery of microspherules in claystone near the terrestrial permian-triassic bounary.Geological Review,2001,47 (4):411～414 (in Chinese with English abstract).

[2] Sant DA,Mathew G,Khadkikar AS,et al.Co2existent cristobalite and iridium at 65Ma,Anjar Intertrappeans,Kachchh,western India.Cretaceous Research,2003,24 (2):105～110.

[3] Stüben D,Kramar U,Berner Z,et al.Trace elements,stable isotopes,and clay mineralogy of the Elles II K-T boundary section in Tunisia:indications for sea level fluctuations and primary productivity.palaeogeography,palaeoclimatology,palaeoecology,2002,178 (3-4):321～345.

[4] Keller G,Stinnesbeck W,Adatte T,et al.Multiple impacts across the Cretaceous-Tertiary boundary.Earth-Science Reviews,2003,62 (3-4):327～363.

[5] Schimmelmann A,DeNiro MJ.Elemental and stable isotope variations of organic matter from a terrestrial sequence containing the CretaceousP/Tertiary boundary at York Canyon,New Mexico.Earth and Planetary Science Letters,1984,68 (3):392～398.

[6] Schmitz B,Andersson P,Dahl J.Iridium,sulfur isotopes and rare earth elements in the Cretaceous-Tertiary boundary clay at Stevns Klint,Denmark.Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta,1988,52 (1):229～236.

[7] Zaghbib-Turki D,Karoui-Yaakoub N,Rocchia R,et al.Enregistrement des événements remarquables de la limite Crétacé2 Tertiaire dans la coupe d’Ellès (Tunisie):Characteristic events record of the KPT boundary in the Ellès section (Tunisia).Comptes Rendus de l’Académie des Sciences-Series IIA-Earth and Planetary Science,2000,331 (2):141～149.

[8] Ma PX,Chai ZF.Extraterrestrial impact events and catastrophic environment of the earth.Geological Review,1995,41 (1):20～27 (in Chinese with English abstract).

[9] Sutherland FL.Volcanism around K/T boundary time—its rôle in an impact scenario for the KPT extinction events.Earth-Science Review,1994,36 (122):1～26.

[10] Evans NJ,Chai ZF.The distribution and geochemistry of platinum2group elements as event markers in the Phanerozoic.palaeogeography,palaeoclimatology,palaeoecology,1997,132 (124):373～390.

[11] Ebihara M,Miura T.Chemical characteristics of the Cretaceous-Tertiary boundary layer at Gubbio,Italy.Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta,1996,60 (24):5133～5144.

[12] McDonald I,Andreoli MAG,Hart RJ,et al.Platinum-group elements in the Morokweng impact structure,South Africa:Evidence for the impact of a large ordinary chondrite projectile at the Jurassic2Cretaceous boundary.Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta,2001,65 (2):299～309.

[13] Frei R,Frei KM.A multi-isotopic and trace element investigation of the Cretaceous-Tertiary boundary layer at Stevns Klint,Denmark-inferences for the origin and nature of siderophile and lithophile element geochemical anomalies.Earth and Planetary Science Letters,2002,203 (2):691～708.

[14] Lee CA,Wasserburg GJ,Kyte FT.Platinum-group elements (PGE) and rhenium in marine sediments across the Cretaceous-Tertiary boundary:constraints on Re-PGE transport in the marine environment.Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta,2003,67 (4):655～670.

[15] Chai ZF,Kong P,Mao XY,et al.The Chemical species of iridium and implication in the Cretaceous-Tertiary boundary clay in Stevns Klint,Danmank.Science in China (B),1991,21 (3):307～313 (in Chinese).

[16] Chai ZF,Mao XY,et al.Elemental correlation in Ir-rich Cretaceous-Tertiary boundary layers.Geological Review,1986,32 (1):16～23 (in Chinese with English abstract).

[17] Ma PX,Hou QL.Abundance abnormities and distribution patterns of platinum-group elements at the KPT boundary and extraterrestrial impact origin.Advance in Earth Sciences,1999,14 (1):24～30 (in Chinese with English abstract).

[18] Mao XY.Disastrous environment and nuclear analytical technologies for plstinum group elements.Nuclear Techniques,2001,24 (9):742～747 (in Chinese with English abstract).

[19] Kong P,Chai ZF.Chemical species of anomalous iridium and implication of insoluble spherules in the Cretaceous-Tertiary boundary clay.Geological Science,1993,28 (1):87～92 (in Chinese with English abstract).

[20] Kong P,Chai ZF,Mao XY,et al.Chemical species of iridium and other trace elements in the Cretaceous-Tertiary boundary clays and their implication.Journal of Radioanalytical and Nuclear Chemistry,1991,151 (1):201～211.

[21] Wan YQ,Wang EK,Shi YS.Review and prospect of Cretaceous-Tertiary boundary anomaly.Journal of Guilin Institute of Technology,1995,15 (1):23～33 (in Chinese with English abstract).

[22] Guo XP,Hao YC.Abnormal geochemical characteristics of boundary between the marine Cretaceous2Tertiary in the southwestern Tarim Basic.Geoscience,2000,14 (3):348～354 (in Chinese with English abstract).

[23] Huang SJ.Carbon isotopes of Permian and Permian2Triassic boundary in upper Yangze platform and the mass extinction.Geochimica,1994,23(1):60～68 (in Chinese with English abstract).

[24] Schmitz B,Keller G,Stenvall O.Stable isotope and foraminiferal changes across the Cretaceous2Tertiary boundary at Stevns Klint,Denmark:Arguments for long2term oceanic instability before and after bolide-impact event.palaeogeography,palaeoclimatology,palaeoecology,1992,96(324):233～260.

[25] Hollander DJ,McKenzie JA,HsüKJ.Carbon isotope evidence for unusual plankton blooms and fluctuations of surface water CO2 in“Strangelove Ocean”after terminal Cretaceous event.palaeogeography,palaeoclimatology,palaeoecology,1993,104 (124):229～237.

[26] Abramovich S,Keller G,Adatte T,et al.Age and paleoenvironment of the Maastrichtian to Paleocene of the Mahajanga Basin,Madagascar:a multidisciplinary approach.Marine Micropaleontology,2003,47 (122):17～70.

[27] Rodríguez-Tovar FJ,Martínez-Ruiz F,Bernasconi SM.Carbon isotope evidence for the timing of the Cretaceous2Palaeogene macrobenthic colonisation at the Agost section (southeast Spain).palaeogeography,palaeoclimatology,palaeoecology,2004,203 (122):65～72.

[28] Hong AS.The tracing technique of oxygen isotope in the marine environmental sciences.Marine Environmental Science,1995,14 (4):16～20 (in Chinese with English abstract).

[29] Zhao ZK,Ye J,Li HM,et al.Extinction of the dinosaurs across the Cretaceous2Tertiary boundary in Nanxiong basin,Guangdong province.Vertebrate Palasiatica,1991,29 (1):1～20 (in Chinese with English abstract).

[30] Zhao ZK,Yan Z.The stratigraphical and palaeoenvironmental significance from records of stable isotopes of dinosaur eggs across the K/T boundary in Nanxiong basin,Guangdong.Science in China ( Series D),2000,30 (2):135～141 (in Chinese with English abstract).

[31] Shao LY,Dou JW.Paleogeographic significances ofcasbon and oxygen isotopes in late Permian rocks of Sounthwest China.Geochimica,1996,25(6):575～581 (in Chinese with English abstract).

[32] Chen RK.Application of stable oxygen and carbon isotope in the research of carbonate diagenetic environment.Acta Sedimentologica Sinica,1994,12 (4):11～21 (in Chinese with English abstract).

[33] Zuo JX,Tong JN,Qiu HO,et al.Carbon and oxygen isotopic stratigraphic correlation and its paleoenvionment significance during the lower Triassic,Chaohu,Anhui province,China.Geology-Geochemistry,2003 (3),31 (3):26～33 (in Chinese with English abstract).

[34] Lan XH.Clay minerals as an index of paleoclimate.Geological Science and Tecnology Information,1990,9 (4):31～35 (in Chinese with English abstract).

[35] Keller G,Adatte T,Burns SJ,et al.High-stress paleoenvironment during the late Maastrichtian to early Paleocene in Central Egypt. palaeogeography,palaeoclimatology,palaeoecology,2002,187 (122):35～60.

[36] Ohor BF.Shock-induced microdeformations in quartz and other mineralogical indications of an impact event at the Cretaceous-Tertiary boundary.Tectonophysics,1990,171 (124):359～372.

[37] Ma PX,Hou QL.Lithological and mineralogical characteristics of impact layers at the KPT boundary and their implication for determination of extratrerrstrial impact events.Geology-Geochemistry,1997 (4):85-92 (in Chinese with English abstract).

[38] Zhang QW,Xu DY.Inquiring into indicators and origin of catastrophic events at Stratigraphic boundaries.Acta Geoscience Sinica2Bulletin of the Chiese Academy of Geological Sciences,1994 (324):192～199 (in Chinese with English abstract).

[39] Rodríguez-Tovar FJ,Martínez-Ruiz F,et al.Carbon isotope evidence for the timing of the Cretaceous-Palaeogene macrobenthic colonisation at the Agost section (southeast Spain).palaeogeography,palaeoclimatology,palaeoecology,2004,203 (122):65～72.

[40] Ellwood BB,MacDonald WD,et al.The K-T boundary in Oman:identified using magnetic susceptibility field measurements with geochemical confirmation.Earth and Planetary Science Letters,2003,206 (324):529～540.

[41] Ando H.Stratigraphic correlation of Upper Cretaceous to Paleocene forearc basin sediments in Northeast Japan:cyclic sedimentation and basin evolution.Journal of Asian Earth Sciences,2003,21 (8):921～935.

[42] Tao KY,Zhao Y.Volanology and environment.Volcanology and Mineral Resources,1997,18 (1):325 (in Chinese with English abstract).

[43] Kramar U,Stüben D,Berner Z,et al.Are Ir anomalies sufficient and unique indicators for cosmic events ? Planetary and Space Science,2001,49 (8):831～837.

[44] Gupta SC,Ahrens TJ,Yang W.Shock-induced vaporization of anhydrite and global cooling from the K/T impact.Earth and Planetary Science Letters,2001,188 (324):399～412.

[45] Samoilov VS,Benjamini CH,Smirnova EV.Early diagenetic stabilization of trace elements in reptile bone remains as an indicator of Maastrichtian2Late Paleocene climatic changes:evidence from the Naran Bulak locality,the Gobi Desert (South Mongolia).Sedimentary Geology,2001,143 (12 2):15～39.

[46] Morgan JP,Reston TJ,Ranero CR.Contemporaneous mass extinctions,continental flood basalts,and‘impact signals’:are mantle plume-induced lithospheric gas explosions the causal link ? Earth and Planetary Science Letters,2004,217 (324):263～284.

[47] Ohno S,Sugita S,Kadono T,et al.Sulfur chemistry in laser2simulated impact vapor clouds:implications for the KPT impact event.Earth and Planetary Science Letters,2004,218 (324):347～361.

[48] Elliott WC,Aronson JL,Millard HT.Iridium content of basaltic tuffs and enclosing black shales of the balder formation,North Sea.Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta,1992,56 (7):2955～2961.

[49] Racki G.Silica-secreting biota and mass extinctions:survival patterns and processes.palaeogeography,palaeoclimatology,palaeoecology,1999,154 (122):107～132.

[50] Khosla A,Sahni A.Biodiversity during the Deccan volcanic eruptive episode.Journal of Asian Earth Sciences,2003,21 (8):895～908.

[51] Gerta Keller.The end-cretaceous mass extinction in the marine realm:year 2000 assessment.Planetary and Space Science,2001,49 (8):817～830.

[52] Chen DL,Xue XX,Zhang YX,et al.The geochemical feature of the Cretaceous-Tertiary strata in Shanyang basin,Shanxi province.Journal of Northwest University ( Natural Science Edition),2001,31 (2):157～161 (in Chinese with English abstract).

[53] Zhao ZK,Mao XY,Chai ZF,et al.A possible causal relationship between extinction of dinosaurs and K/T iridium enrichment in the Nanxiong Basin,South China:evidence from dinosaur eggshells.palaeogeography,palaeoclimatology,palaeoecology,178 (122):1～17.

[54] Zhang YG,Li K,Cai KJ.The chemical separation of mineral compositions and trace element assemblages from the dinosaur skeletal Fossils in Kaijiang,Sichuan.Sedimentary Facies and palaeogeography,1998,18 (4):49～56 (in Chinese with English abstract).

[55] Zhang YG,Pei J.Analysis of Abonomal elements Content of Ir,Sr in dinosaur eggs in Xixia basin,Henan province.Ziran Zazhi,2003,26 (6):368～369 (in Chinese with English abstract).

[56] Zuo Q,Tang ZW.Some Evidences of reproduction frustration from Fossils of dinosaur eggs.Fossils,1995 (3):27～28 (in Chinese with English abstract).

[57] Yang WD,Wang T,Lei HY,et al.Progress in studies on biological effects of Rare Earth.Chinese Rare Earths,2000,21 (3):62～70 (in Chinese with English abstract).

[58] Li W,Liang JS,Zhou BL,et al.Studies on mechanismof Rare Earth Element biological dosage effect.Life Science Research,2001,5 (3):215～222(in Chinese with English abstract).