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2022 , Vol. 39 >Issue 4: 567 - 576

DOI: https://doi.org/10.7523/j.ucas.2020.0048

Brief Reports

The recognition and utilization of Cannabis sativa in ancient Xinjiang viewed from plant remains

  • LIU Yan ,
  • GU Man ,
  • CHEN Tao ,
  • WANG Binghua ,
  • JIANG Hong'en
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  • 1. Key Laboratory of Vertebrate Evolution and Human Origins of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Institute of Vertebrate Paleontology and Paleoanthropology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100044, China;
    2. Department of Archaeology and Anthropology, School of Humanities, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China;
    3. Institute of Medical History and Literature, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing 100700, China;
    4. School of History and Culture, Shanxi University, Taiyuan 030006, China;
    5. Xinjiang Institute of Cultural Relics and Archaeology, Urumqi 830011, China

Received date: 2020-06-19

  Revised date: 2020-07-28

  Online published: 2020-07-28

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Abstract

Xinjiang is an important area connecting the east and west alongside the Silk Road. As a result of its dry weather and less rainfall, plant remains were well preserved, including hemp (Cannabis sativa). The history of Cannabis recognition and utilization in ancient Xinjiang could be roughly divided into two stages. Due to inherent advantages of the geographical environment, Xinjiang was firstly affected by the ancient civilization of Central Asia in the prehistoric period, mainly retaining the hallucinogenic tradition of Cannabis. During the historical period, the beginning of the Silk Road promoted exchanges between the Western Regions and the interior areas. The edible and fiber values of Cannabis were gradually accepted. Therefore, in terms of Cannabis usage, ancestors generally had a transformation from psychoactive agents to food crops, fiber crops, and even medicinal plants. In this study, we reviewed the Cannabis researches in Xinjiang during the past years, summarizing the ways and differences of Cannabis utilization, especially their causes in different periods. Meanwhile, we restudiedCannabis remains in Turpan with plant identification and radiocarbon dating, comprehensively sorting out the handed-down and unearthed documents, to explore not only the utilization of Cannabis medicinal value, but also to provide new clues for the spread of Chinese medicine in ancient Xinjiang.

Key words： Cannabis sativa; psychoactive agents; the Silk Road; unearthed documents; medicinal value

Cite this article

LIU Yan , GU Man , CHEN Tao , WANG Binghua , JIANG Hong'en . The recognition and utilization of Cannabis sativa in ancient Xinjiang viewed from plant remains[J]. Journal of University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, 2022 , 39(4) : 567 -576 . DOI: 10.7523/j.ucas.2020.0048

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