The specific place identification based on remote sensing images is of great significance in smart city planning, land use analysis, and safe city construction. However, it is difficult to identify these places with simple rules by using traditional classification or target recognition methods due to the complex environmental background. Convolutional neural networks have strong spatial information mining capabilities. In this article, we improved the well-known YOLOv3 model to a new model called YOLO-S-CIoU for school place identification. The main improvements include:1) Using the SRXnet module to replace the Darknet53 module in YOLOv3 to improve the feature learning ability; 2) Using complete-IoU loss (CIoU loss) to optimize the regression of the bounding box; 3) Training and verification based on self-made school place sample dataset (SS dataset). The results showed that the average accuracy (AP) of YOLO-S-CIoU reached 96.46%; the parameter amount was 226 MB. Compared with YOLOv3, YOLO-S-CIoU has achieved a 9 MB reduction in parameter volume and a 2.3% increase in AP. In addition, in the regional remote sensing images of Tumshuk and Yantai, the recall rates of school places were increased by 37.5% and 42.2% than YOLOv3, respectively. These works show that the improved model has stronger robustness and higher identification ability in remote sensing image identification in different areas.
GAO Jinfeng
,
CHEN Yu
,
WEI Yongming
,
LI Jiannan
,
JIANG Ruonan
. School place identification based on improved YOLOv3[J]. Journal of University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, 2023
, 40(4)
: 531
-539
.
DOI: 10.7523/j.ucas.2021.0081
[1] 甄峰, 席广亮, 秦萧. 基于地理视角的智慧城市规划与建设的理论思考[J]. 地理科学进展, 2015, 34(4):402-409. DOI:10.11820/dlkxjz.2015.04.001.
[2] 黄海涛, 柯长青. 高分辨率遥感影像中操场跑道的自动提取[J]. 遥感信息, 2009, 24(3):19-22, 29. DOI:10.3969/j.issn.1000-3177.2009.03.005.
[3] 普恒. 高分遥感城市典型地物对象化识别方法研究[D]. 北京:北京建筑大学, 2019.
[4] 范荣双, 陈洋, 徐启恒, 等. 基于深度学习的高分辨率遥感影像建筑物提取方法[J]. 测绘学报, 2019, 48(1):34-41. DOI:CNKI:SUN:CHXB.0.2019-01-006.
[5] Wen Q, Jiang K Y, Wang W, et al. Automatic building extraction from google earth images under complex backgrounds based on deep instance segmentation network[J]. Sensors (Basel, Switzerland), 2019, 19(2):333. DOI:10.3390/s19020333.
[6] Chen Y, Wei Y M, Wang Q J, et al. Mapping post-earthquake landslide susceptibility:a U-net like approach[J]. Remote Sensing, 2020, 12(17):2767. DOI:10.3390/rs12172767.
[7] Girshick R, Donahue J, Darrell T, et al. Rich feature hierarchies for accurate object detection and semantic segmentation[C]//2014 IEEE Conference on Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition. June 23-28, 2014, Columbus, OH, USA. IEEE, 2014:580-587. DOI:10.1109/CVPR.2014.81.
[8] Girshick R. Fast R-CNN[C]//2015 IEEE International Conference on Computer Vision (ICCV). December 7-13, 2015, Santiago, Chile. IEEE, 2015:1440-1448. DOI:10.1109/ICCV.2015.169.
[9] Ren S Q, He K M, Girshick R, et al. Faster R-CNN:towards real-time object detection with region proposal networks[J]. IEEE Transactions on Pattern Analysis and Machine Intelligence, 2017, 39(6):1137-1149. DOI:10.1109/TPAMI.2016.2577031.
[10] He K M, Gkioxari G, Dollár P, et al. Mask R-CNN[C]//2017 IEEE International Conference on Computer Vision (ICCV). October 22-29, 2017, Venice, Italy. IEEE, 2017:2980-2988. DOI:10.1109/ICCV.2017.322.
[11] Redmon J, Divvala S, Girshick R, et al. You only look once:unified, real-time object detection[C]//2016 IEEE Conference on Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (CVPR). June 27-30, 2016, Las Vegas, NV, USA. IEEE, 2016:779-788. DOI:10.1109/CVPR.2016.91.
[12] Redmon J, Farhadi A. YOLO9000:better, faster, stronger[C]//2017 IEEE Conference on Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (CVPR). July 21-26, 2017, Honolulu, HI, USA. IEEE, 2017:6517-6525. DOI:10.1109/CVPR.2017.690.
[13] Redmon J, Farhadi A. YOLOv3:an incremental improvement[EB/OL]. arXiv:1804.02767. (2018-04-08)[2021-12-15]. https://arxiv.org/abs/1804. 02767.
[14] Alganci U, Soydas M, Sertel E. Comparative research on deep learning approaches for airplane detection from very high-resolution satellite images[J]. Remote Sensing, 2020, 12(3):458. DOI:10.3390/rs12030458.
[15] 余东行, 张宁, 张保明, 等. 结合卷积神经网络与显著性特征的机场检测[J]. 测绘通报, 2019(7):44-49. DOI:10.13474/j.cnki.11-2246.2019.0216.
[16] Ma H J, Liu Y L, Ren Y H, et al. Detection of collapsed buildings in post-earthquake remote sensing images based on the improved YOLOv3[J]. Remote Sensing, 2019, 12(1):44. DOI:10.3390/rs12010044.
[17] 陈连凯, 李邦昱, 齐亮. 融合图像显著性的YOLOv3船舶目标检测算法研究[J].软件导刊,2020,19(10):146-151. DOI:10.11907/rjdk.201157.
[18] Hu J, Shen L, Albanie S, et al. Squeeze-and-excitation networks[C]//IEEE Transactions on Pattern Analysis and Machine Intelligence. IEEE,:2011-2023. DOI:10.1109/TPAMI.2019.2913372.
[19] Zheng Z H, Wang P, Liu W, et al. Distance-IoU loss:faster and better learning for bounding box regression[J]. Proceedings of the AAAI Conference on Artificial Intelligence, 2020, 34(7):12993-13000. DOI:10.1609/aaai.v34i07.6999.
[20] Hernández G A, König P. Do deep nets really need weight decay and dropout?[EB/OL]. arXiv:1802.07042. (2018-02-21)[2021-12-15]. https://arxiv.org/abs/1802.07042.
[21] Ioffe S, Szegedy C. Batch normalization:accelerating deep network training by reducing internal covariate shift[EB/OL]. arXiv:1502.03167. (2021-03-29)[2021-12-15]. http://arxiv.org/abs/1502.03167v3.
[22] Rezatofighi H, Tsoi N, Gwak J, et al. Generalized intersection over union:a metric and a loss for bounding box regression[C]//2019 IEEE/CVF Conference on Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (CVPR). June 15-20, 2019, Long Beach, CA, USA. IEEE, 2019:658-666. DOI:10.1109/CVPR.2019.00075.
[23] 谢梦, 刘伟, 杨梦圆, 等. 深度卷积神经网络支持下的遥感影像飞机检测[J]. 测绘通报, 2019(6):19-23. DOI:10.13474/j.cnki.11-2246.2019.0177.
[24] Zhang P, Su W H. Statistical inference on recall, precision and average precision under random selection[C]//20129th International Conference on Fuzzy Systems and Knowledge Discovery. May 29-31, 2012, Chongqing, China. IEEE, 2012:1348-1352. DOI:10.1109/FSKD.2012.6234049.
[25] Bochkovskiy A, Wang C Y, Liao H Y M. YOLOv4:optimal speed and accuracy of object detection[EB/OL]. arXiv:2004.10934. (2020-04-23)[2021-12-15]. https://arxiv.org/abs/2004.10934.
[26] Jocher G, Nishimura K, Mineeva T, et al. YOLOv5[EB/OL]. (2020-08-10)[2021-12-15]. https://github.com/ultralytics/yolov5.
