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2025 , Vol. 42 >Issue 6: 769 - 780

DOI: https://doi.org/10.7523/j.ucas.2024.007

Research Articles

A method for SAR-to-optical image synthesis based on bi-temporal features

  • WENG Yongchun ,
  • MA Yong ,
  • CHEN Fu ,
  • SHANG Erping ,
  • YAO Wutao ,
  • ZHANG Shuyan ,
  • YANG Jin ,
  • LIU Jianbo
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  • 1 Aerospace Information Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100094, China;
    2 University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China

Received date: 2023-02-13

  Revised date: 2024-03-04

  Online published: 2024-04-03

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Abstract

The robust optical image time series are of great value in many applications of remote sensing. However, due to the effects of weather conditions like clouds and rain, it is very difficult to obtain such robust time series of optical images in many regions. Using the all-weather imaging capability of synthetic aperture radar (SAR) to generate optical images from SAR images is an effective solution to the missing data of optical images. But there is still a problem that the quality of generated images in complicated scenarios is much worse than that in simple scenarios. In this paper, we build bi-temporal datasets of different scenarios based on Sentinel imagery and propose an improved generator of conditional generation adversarial network. The encoder-decoder-based generator learns to extract and fuse the bi-temporal polarized SAR features and the additional optical features from the source time phase. In addition, a strategy to balance the weights of SAR and optical features is adopted. Comparison experiments show that our method is the best on FID and PSNR among all evaluated methods. The proposed method significantly reduces the gap in the quality of generated images between simple scenario and complicated scenario. The ablation study shows that our method outperforms the baseline model by 46 in FID, 6.6dB in PSNR and 0.44 in SSIM. Our method efficiently improves the quality of generated images in different scenarios.

Key words： optical image synthesis; bi-temporal dataset; SAR; generative adversarial network

Cite this article

WENG Yongchun , MA Yong , CHEN Fu , SHANG Erping , YAO Wutao , ZHANG Shuyan , YANG Jin , LIU Jianbo . A method for SAR-to-optical image synthesis based on bi-temporal features[J]. Journal of University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, 2025 , 42(6) : 769 -780 . DOI: 10.7523/j.ucas.2024.007

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