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2025 , Vol. 42 >Issue 1: 86 - 106

DOI: https://doi.org/10.7523/j.ucas.2024.016

Research Articles

Organic mineralization in lead-zinc deposits: a case study of the Jinding lead-zinc deposit, Lanping Basin

  • HOU Xingao ,
  • JU Yiwen ,
  • FENG Hongye ,
  • XIAO Lei ,
  • QIAO Peng ,
  • TAO Liru ,
  • WANG Peng ,
  • WANG Wei ,
  • GAO Jian
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  • 1. CAS Key Laboratory of Computational Geodynamics, College of Earth and Planetary Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China;
    2. Institute of Mineral Resources, Chinese Academy of Geological Sciences, Beijing 100037, China;
    3. Oil and Gas Survey, China Geological Survey, Beijing 100083, China

Received date: 2024-01-24

  Revised date: 2024-03-29

  Online published: 2024-04-24

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Abstract

A large amount of organic matter (OM) is associated with ore bodies in the Jinding lead-zinc deposit, Lanping Basin, the northwestern Yunnan Province, but the way and process of OM participation in lead-zinc mineralization remain controversial. OM in the deposit has generally undergone biodegradation, and much of it still contains detectable compounds such as n-alkanes, isoprenoids, naphthalene, phenanthrene, and biphenyl. A small portion of OM does not contain n-alkanes and isoprenoids but shows the characteristics of initial degradation of steranes while no 25-norhopane is generated, which is generally in line with the characteristics of grade 2-5 biodegradation, consistent with the bacterial sulfate reduction (BSR). No significant correlation is observed between the δ13CPDB and δ18OPDB values of calcites, and their distribution patterns of REEs, Y/Ho values, and Sr contents are also inconsistent with the characteristics of thermochemical sulfate reduction (TSR) calcites. The δ13CPDB values (~-27‰) of bitumen in the deposit are not less than those of source rocks (estimated value), so it is reasonable to infer that TSR is not the main way for OM to participate in the lead-zinc mineralization. The estimation results of δ34S show that the δ34S of H2S generated by the thermal decomposition of OM is from -5‰ to 0, which is consistent with the range of heavy sulfur isotope peaks (-8‰~-2‰) in the δ34S value histogram of metal sulfides in the deposit. Based on mineralization characteristics, if one-third of the lead-zinc ore is related to the thermal decomposition of OM, and the sulfur content of crude oil in the paleo reservoir is 1.5%, the amount of crude oil required for mineralization is calculated to be about 96.87 million tons, which is not contradictory to geological facts. Therefore, we propose that OM was mainly involved in lead-zinc mineralization through BSR in the formation stage of paleo reservoirs and thermal decomposition of OM in the high-temperature mineralization stage, while large-scale TSR might not occur.

Key words： organic mineralization; Jinding lead-zinc deposit; bacterial sulfate reduction; thermo-chemical sulfate reduction; thermal decomposition

Cite this article

HOU Xingao , JU Yiwen , FENG Hongye , XIAO Lei , QIAO Peng , TAO Liru , WANG Peng , WANG Wei , GAO Jian . Organic mineralization in lead-zinc deposits: a case study of the Jinding lead-zinc deposit, Lanping Basin[J]. Journal of University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, 2025 , 42(1) : 86 -106 . DOI: 10.7523/j.ucas.2024.016

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