Journal of University of Chinese Academy of Sciences

Study on the Karyotype Analysis of Nymphaeaceae and Its Taxonomic Position

Wei Ping-he, Chen Wei-pei, Chen Rui-yang

1994, 32 (4): 293-300.

Abstract ( 0 )

The present paper reports the karyotypes of six species in the family

Nymphaeaceae (sensu lato), and discusses its taxonomic position. Results of the karyotype

analysis are as follows: (1) Nelumbo nucifera Gaertn. was found to have the karyotype 2n

= 16 = 9sm +4m + 3st, which belongs to 2B type. There was one heterozygous pair and one

pair of large subterminal chromosomes in the complement. (2) Victoria cruziana Orbign. was

shown to have the karyotype 2n= 24 = 8sm+8m+ 8T, which belongs to 2A type. The

chromosomes were the largest in the Nymphaeaceae. (3) Nymphaea stellata Willd. wag of

2n =28. No. 1 chromosome possessed two satellites. The chromosomes were the smallest in

the Nymphaeaceae. (4) Nuphar pumilum (Timm.) DC. had the karyotype 2n=34=18m

4+16sm, which belongs to 2A type. One satellite was on No. 8 chromosome and the other

was easily detached (5) Euryale fero Salisb. ex Konig et Sims. was of 2n=58. The 58

chromosomes were in 29 pairs. Its chromosomes were small. No. 1 chromosome possessed

two satellites. (6) Brasenia schreberi J. F. Gmel. was shown to have 2n=72. The 72 chro-

mosomes were in 36 pairs, which could be classified into 4 pairs of large chromosomes. 12

pairs of medium-sized ones and 20 pairs of small ones. Three satellites could be seen in some

karyotypes. Except N. nucifera, the karyotypes of all the species are first reported. The

great differences in the karyotype and morphological characteristics between Nelumbo and

the other members of the Nymphaeaceae suggest that the Nymphaeaceae (sensu lato) be di-

vided into two separate orders, namely Nelumbonales and Nymphaeales. Nelumbonales con-

tains a single family Nelumbonaceae and a monotypic genus Nelumbo, while the other plants

belonging to the Nymphaeaceae which constitute the order Nymphaeales. Nymphaeales may

also be divided into two separate families, Cabombaceae and Nymphaeaceae. Cabombaceae

containing Brasenia and other genera is the most primitive in the Nymphaeales. Nymphaea,

Euryale, Victoria and Nuphar are included in the Nymphaeaceae.

Studies on the Karyotype and Its Aberration of Nomocharis forrestii (Liliaceae)

Yu Hong, Huang Rui-fu

1994, 32 (4): 301-307.

Abstract ( 0 )

Nomocharis forrestii Balf. f. from Zhongdian, Yunnan, was cytologically investi-

gated in this wrok. There were two cytotypes in N. forrestii populations. The reference

karyotype of A cytotype was 2n=24=2m (2SAT) +2sm+8st (4SAT) +12t (2SAT). In

this cytotype, there was no satellite in the long arms of the 3rd pair, which was homozy-

gous. The reference karyotype of B cytotype was 2n=24 = 2m (2SAT) + 2sm+8st

(2SAT) +12t (3SAT). In B cytotype, there was an obvious satellite in the long arm of one

chromosome in the 3rd pair, but no satellite in the long arm of the other. This was heterozy-

gous. The ratio between the cytotypes was approximately lA: 2B in the population. The

karyotype in N. forrestii was similar to that in the genus Lilium, 2n=24, particularly the

chromosomal morphology of m-chromosomes or sm-chromosomes. However, the secondary

constrictions of the m-chromosomes was more obvious and greater in N. forrestii.

Numerous aberrant karyotypes in N. forrestii were found in the somatic cells. The

structural aberrations include breakage, inversion (incl. pericentric inversion), translocation

(incl. Robertsonian translocation), deletion, somatic orossing over between the homologous

chromosomes, etc. In the aberrant karyotype (1), an obvious deletion took place in one

chromosome or unequal translocation took place in one chromosome of the 1st pair, and a

fragment was added to the long arm of one chromosome as a result of translocation in the

7th pair. A dicentric chromosome was found between two chromosomes from 8th and the

12th pair, which resulted in 2n=23. In aberrant karyotype (2), translocation or deletion

took place in the 5th, 6th, 7th and 10th pair. There were 4 B-chromosomes in the aberrant

cell. In the aberrant karyotype (3), the long arm of one chromosome was found to have a

deletion in the 6th pair. A dicentric chromosome was generated between two chromosomes

from the 9th and the 10th pair, which results in 2n=23. There was one B-chromosome in

the aberrant cell. In the aberrant karyotype (4), a pericentric inversion took place in the 1st

pair, and an unequal translocation occured between the 1st and the 6th pair, which changed

the first pair from m-chromosomes into st-chromosomes. The long arm of one chromosome

carried a remarkable deletion in the 8th pair. In the aberrant karyotype (5), a Robertsonian

translocation took place between two chromosomes from the 6th and 7th pair, and a frag-

ment was added to the long arm of one chromosome as a result of the translocation in the

l2th pair. In the aberrant karyotype (6), breakage occured near or at the centromere of one

chromosome of the 1st and the 6th pair, which resulted in 2n= 26. Before the breakage, the

unequal crossing over had taken place between the homologous chromosomes in the 1st and

6th pair, and an unequal translocation was found between two chromosomes from the 1st

and 6th pair. Accoding to statistics of aberrant cells, the chromosomal aberration took place

mainly in the 1st, 6th, 7th, 8th, 9th and 10th chromosomes, with rates of aberration 33-

37%. It is these chromosomes that often show polymorphism.

From above, the karyotype of N. forrestii, is under strong differentation. So the somat-

ic chromosome aberration with a high frequency is one of important factors in the intraspe-

cific differentiation in N. forrestii.

Karyotype Variation and Evolution of Sect. Thea in Guizhou

Liang Guo-lu, Zhou Cai-qiong, Lin Meng-jia, Chen Jia-yu, Liu Jun-su

1994, 32 (4): 308-315.

Abstract ( 0 )

Karyotypes of seven species, one variety and 11 forms of Sect. Thea occurring in Guizhou Province, were investigated by the wall degradation hypotonic method. The micrographs of their somatic metaphase are shown in plates 1-2 and the parameters of chromosomes according to Li and Chen (1985) are given in Table 1 and the idiograms in Fig. 1. The karyotype formulae are as follows: Camellia quinquelocularis 22=30=24m+6sm; C. tetracocca 2n=30=22m+8sm; C. taliensis 2n=30=22m+8sm; C. gymnogyna 2n=30=22m

+6sm+2st and 2n=30=20m=8sm+2st; C. gymnogynoides 2n=30=22m +6sm+2st and 2n=30=20m+8sm+2st; C. jungkiangensis 2n=30=20m+8sm+2st; C. sinensis 2n =30+20m+8sm+2st, and C. sinensis var. ruoella 2n=30=20m+8sm+2st. All the karyotypes belong to Stebbins “2A”. The following main aspects are discussed.

1. Chromosome numbers: All these species are found to have 2n=30. Based on the previous and present reports, It clearly indicates that evolution of this group has taken place mainly on diploid level, but not on polyploid one.

2. The karyotype variation: Generally, all the karyotypes examined are similar, but according to symmetry of karyotype, they may be grouped into two types. One is characterized by metacentric (m)and submetacentric (sm)chromosomes, involving C. quinquelochlaris, C. tetracocca, C. taliensis, while the other is characterized by a pair of subtelocentric (st) chromosome besides m and sm chromosomes, involving C. gymnogyna, C. gymnogynoides, C. jungkiangensis, C. sinensis and C. sinensis var. ruoella. It is suggested that the mechanism for karyotype variation and speciation in Sect. Thea be pericentric inversion or reciprocal translocation. The first type is more symmetrical than the second one, and is thus relatively primitive.

3. The orginal center of Sect. Thea: Based on the analysis of karyotypes, morphological characters, geographical distribution and biochemical features, the authors consider that the Yunnan-Guizhou plateau including the contiguous area in Yunnan, Guangxi and Guizhou is the original center, from where it radiated, resulting in the present distribution pattern of Sect. Thea.

4. Taxonomic treatment of Sect. Thea: The taxonomic treatment of Sect. Thea is complicated and still confused up to now. The number of species is more than 40 according to Zhang’s taxonomic system (1984), but, recently, most of them are reduced by Min (1992). Further work should be based on the concept of morphological discontinuity and in formation from other branches of sciences. Whether two types of karyotype are two biological species remains questionable.

Phylogeny Classification and Geographic Distribution of Rodgersia Gray

Pan Jin-tang

1994, 32 (4): 316-327.

Abstract ( 0 )

This paper consists of three parts, i. e. the phylogeny, classification and geo-

graphic distribution of the genus Rodgersia.

As a result of the character analysis, the evolutionary trends of the characters in

Rodgersia are suggested. The tetraploid (2n= 60, x= 15) is evidently derived from the

diploid (2n=30) (Table 1). Pollen grains have evolved from small to medium-sized, then to

large (Table 2). The reticulate ornamentation of pollen (Plate 1: 7--9, Plate 2: 1--8) is

more advanced than obscurely reticulate (Plate 1: 1-6). Sepals have evoved from 7—5 to

(6--) 5, then to 5 in number; from pinnate and arcuate together to arcuate, and from open

to intermediate type, then to closed in vein type (Fig. 1:1-5); from glabrous to both

glabrous and sparsely covered with glandular hairs, then to covered with glandular hairs in

ventral surface. The indumentum of pedicels and inflorescence axes has evolved from chaffy

and subsessile-glandular mixed to long and glandular (Fig. 1: 6-7). Leaves have evolved

from simple to digitate, then to subpinnate, and finally to pinnate.

Based on the character evolution, a schema showing wagner’s phylogenetic tree of

Rodgersia is given (Fig. 2), in which R. podophylla may be considered as the most primitive

one, as some archaic characters are preserved (e. g. diploid with 2n-30, small pollen

grains, obscurely reticulate ornamentation of pollen, sepals 7-5 with open type of veins.

etc. ): R. nepalensis having large pollen grains, distinctily reticulate ornamentation of pollen,

sepals 5 with closed type of veins, pedicels and inflorescence axes coverd with mixed long

hairs and glandular hairs, may be regarded as the most advanced one; while R. aesculifolia,

R. sambucifolia and R. pinnata which are tetraploid with 2n = 60 and are intermediate.

A revised classification of Rodgersia is presented, in which 5 species and 3 varleties are

recognized. This genus is divided into two sections: Sect. Rodgersia including only R.

podophylla and Sect. Sambucifolia J. T. Pan consisting of R. aesculifolia, R. sambucifolia,

R. pinnata and R. nepalensis.

The genus Rodgersia is distributed in East Asia (Fig. 3). Four distribution patterns

(Fie. 4) are recognized as follows;

1. Japan-Korea distribution

The main part of this area is in Japan and Korea, but it extends westwards to China

(a very little part of Jilin and Liaoning). This area has only one species, i. e. R. podophylla.

As mentioned before, this species is the most primitive one in Rodgersia, and thus the au-

thor suggests that the centre of origin of Rodgersia be in this area. Japan is contiguous to the

Asian continent not isolated before the late Tertiary. Therefore the origin of the genus must

be at least before the late Tertiary (the late Cretaceous to the early Tertiary).

2. Qinling-Daba Mountains distribution

The main part of this area is in the Qinling-Daba Mountains, but it extends southwest-

ward to Wu’s Hengduan Mountains region. Only one species, R. aesculifolia, is found in this

area.

3. Hengduan Mountains distribution

This area covers southwestern Sichuan and northern Yunnan. Most species in Rodger-

sia, i. e. R. aesculifolia, R. sambucifolia and R. pinnata are concentrated in this area. They

constitute 3/5 of the total species number (including varieties) in Rodgersia. They are more

advanced than R. podophylla and all endemic to China. This area is therefore both the distri-

bution and differentiation centers.

4. E. Himalayas distribution

The main part of this area is Wu’s East Himalayan Region, but it extends westwards to

Sikkim and Nepal. This area has two species, i. e. R. nepalensis and R. aesculifolia var.

henricii.They constitute 2/5 of the total species number, and R. nepalensis is endemic to this

area.

The dispersal route of Rodgersia may well be the narrow area from Japan-Korea south-

westwards to East Himalayas (Fig. 4) through Qinling-Daba Mountains and Hengduan

Mountains.

In addition, the pollen morphology of Rodgersia was examined under SEM and is

shown in Plates 1-2.

Studies on the Distribution Patterns of Some Significant Genera in Orchid Flora

Lang Kai-yong

1994, 32 (4): 328-339.

Abstract ( 0 )

The orchids represent one of the largest families of flowering plants in the world,

Their flower structure is evolutionarily highly specialized and systematically, they are the

most advanced groups in plant kingdom of the world. The babitat of orchids is more special

than other families in flowering plants. Their distribution has higher regularity and possesses

important significance for studying floristic character and region alization. The present paper

proposes a concrete boundary between the Sino-Himalayan Subregion and the Sino-Japanese

Subregion in Sichuan Province, based on the distribution patterns of some orchid genera

typical of the two subregions.

I. Risleya, Diplomeris, Diphylax and Platanthera subgen. Stigmatosa all belong to the

typical groups of distribution in the Sino-Himalayan Subregion. Their distribution patterns

are as follows:

1. Risleya (only one species) is distributed in Sikkim, N. Burma and S. W. China and

grows at (1041--) 2900--4200 m alt. In China its distribution ranges from Xizang

(Tibet) (Mainling and Bomi), Yunnan (Weixi) to Sichuan (Gongga Mountain and Emei

Mountain (alt. 1041 m)). The Emei Mountain is its eastern limit (Fig. 1).

2. Diplomeris (only two species) is distributed in M. Nepal to Bhutan (alt. 500-1000

m), N. E. India, Burma, the northest Vietnam (Sa-Pa alt. 1000 m) and China and grows

at (500---) 1500--2600 m alt. In China its distribution ranges from Xizang (Tibet) (Medog

alt. 1000 m), Yunnan (Gongshan), Sichuan (Kangding, Hejiang and Xuyong), Guizhou

(Xingyi) to Guangxi (Mashan). Hejiang in Sichuan is its eastern limit (Fig. 1)

3. Diphylax (only three species) is found in M. Nepal, Sikkim, N. Burma and S. W.

China at (1750-) 2500--4200 m alt. In China its distribution ranges from Xizang

(Yadong, Qonggyai, Medog and ZayÜ), Yunnan (Gongshan, Deqen and Yiliang alt. 1750

m), Sichuan (Emei Mountain alt. 1900 m) to Guizhou (Fanjing Mountain alt. 1800 m).

The Emei Mountain is its eastern limit (Fig. 2).

4. Platanthera subgen. Stigmatosa (including 12 species) is found from Kashmir Re-

gion, Pakistan (Hazara), through Nepal, Sikkim, Bhutan, N. India (Kumaon, Darjeeling,

Simla), N. Burma to S. W. China at (1500-) 2300-4500 m alt. In China its distribution

ranges from Xizang (Gyirong, Zhangmo, Rongxar, Dinggye, Yadong, Cora, Mainling,

Bomi, Medog (alt. 1500 m), ZayÜ) through Yunnan (Gongshan, Deqen, Weixi, Fugong,

Bijiang, Lijiang, Dali, Heqing, Luquan, Kunming and Jingdong), Sichuan (Muli, Miyi,

Huili, Huidong, Puge, Xichang, Xide, Maianning, Yuexi, Meigu, Erlang Mountain, E-

bian, Emei Mountain, Honya and Guan Xian) to Guizhou (Zhenfeng). The Emei Mountain

is its eastern limit (Fig. 3-4).

According to the structure of gynostemum and form of labellum of the subgenus. Stig-

matosa, their species belong to Platanthera unquestionably, although they are different from

the other members of Platanthera due to their inconvex stigma (not concave) and sepals

with mammillary-ciliate. The stigma of this group exhibits a series of evolutionary trends:

from stigma single, convexly elliptic and located near the rear of spur mouth (in P.

stenantha) ; to stigma single, shape of a saddle, and located near the front of spur mouth (in

P. bakeriana); and to stigma double, separately located at front of spur mouth (in other ten

species). The Platanthera subgen. Stigmatosa is confined to the area from the south fringe

of Xizang Plateau (from Kashmir Region to N. E. India) through N. Burma to the Hengdu-

an Mountain Region in China. It seems that the subgenus. Stigmatosa has been affected by

upheaval of this area, which caused a series of variation and differentiation uninterruptedly,

giving rise to this group due to the long-term selection.

The vertical distribution of Risleya, Diplomeris, Diphylax and Platanthera subgen.

Stigmatiosa is higher in general, but little lower in some marginal regions of their distribu-

tion.

II. Neofinetia, Vexillabium and Sedirea all belong to typical groups of distribution in

the Sino-Japanese Subregion. Their distribution patterns are as follows:

1. Neofinetia (only one species) is distributed in Japan: Honshu (west of Kanto),

Shikoku, Kyushu (Tanega-shima, Yaku-shima), Ryukyu-qunto (Amamio-shima, Oki-

Nawa-jima) and Daito-shoto; S. Korea (Cheju-do) and China and grows at 400--1300 (--

1520) m alt. In China its distribution ranges from Fujian (Chongan), Zhejiang (Putuo,

Shengsi and Songyang), Jiangxi Lushan Mountain, Yushan and Yichun, Hubei (Lichuan

and Hefeng) to Sichuan (Wan Xian, Pingchang, Tongjiang, Guangyuan, Qingchuan (alt.

1520 m), Beichuan, Emei Mountain) and Gansu (Wen Xian). The Emei Mountain is its

western limit (Fig. 5).

2. Vexillabium (only four species) is distributed in Japan: Honshu (Izu-hanto,

Mieken), Shikoku (Yaku-shima); S. Korea (Cheju-do) ; N. Philippines (Batan Is. ) and

China at 450-1300 (-1600) m alt. In China its distribution ranges from Taiwan

(Taidong, Lan Yu), through Zhejiang (Lin’an, Tianmu Mountain and Suichuan), Hunan

(Xinning), Shaanxi (Yang Xian) to Sichuan (Nan-chuan, Jinfo Mountain and Beichuan

(alt. 1600 m)). The Minjiang River is its western limit (Fig. 6).

3. Sedirea (only two species) is distributed in Japan: Honshu, Shikoku, Kyushu

(Tanega-shima, Yaku-shima and Nakano-shima) and Ryukyu-qunto (Amamio-shima and

Okinawa-jima); S. Korea (Cheju-do) and China at 300--1300 (--1400) m alt. In China its

distribution ranges from Fujian (Chong´an, Wuyi Mountain), Zhejiang (Wencheng, Tain-

tai Mountain, Longquan, Lin'an, Xinchang and Kaihua), Hunan (Sangzhi, Shuangpai,

Shaoyang and Tongdao), Hubei (Xianfeng), Sichuan (Chengkou and Leibo (alt. 1400

m)), Guizhou (Jiangkou and Songtao) and Yunnan (Yingjiang alt. 1350 m). The Leibo is

its western limit (Fig. 7).

The vertical distribution of Neofinetia, Vexillabium and Sedirea is lower in general, but

little higher in western marginal regions of their distribution.

Above distribution patterns can be summarized as follows: (1)Risleya, Diplomeris,Di-

phylax and Platanthera subgen. Stigmatosa belong to typical groups of the Sino-Himalayan

Subregion distribution, among them Risleya, Diphylax and Platanthera subgen. Stigmatosa

all have Mt. Emei as their eastern limit in Sichuan, while Diplomeris has somewhat over the

Mountain as its eastern limit of distribution in Sichuan; (2) Neofinetia, Vexillabium and

Sedirea belong to typical genera of the Sino-Japanese Subregion distribution, among them

Vexillabium has Beichuan of eastern Minjian River, Neofinetia has Mt. Emei and Sedirea

has Leibo as their western limit in Sichuan. Based on the distribution patterns of above six

genera and one subgenera, the boundary between the Sino-Himalayan Subregion and the

Sino-Japanese Subregion of the flora in Sichuan is exactly in between the Mt. Emei and the

Minjiang River. Therefore, we may say that the boundary is identical to the one between the

Kham-Dian Old Land (Palaeo-Hengduan Mountains) and the Yangtze Plate in the Early

Tertiary. The isolated characteristics of the distribution patterns of seven groups in orchids

is related to topography, altitude, climate and the geological history.

The concrete boundary between the Sino-Himalayan Subregion and the Sino-Japanese

Subregion of the flora in Sichuan may be made from Nanping (Jiuzaigou), Songpan

(Huang-longshi), Maowen, Wenchuan, Guan Xian (Mt. Guangguang), Baoxing, Mt. Er-

lang, Mt. Emei, Shimian, Mianning, Xichang, Dechang, Miyi up to Panzhihua city. The

above study on the distribution patterns of the seven groups in orchids has definite signifi-

cance for the definition on the boundary between Sino-Himalayan Subregion and the Sino-

Japanese Subregion in Sichuan.

A New Genus and Species—Cycadostrobilus paleozoicus Zhu of Cycadaceae from the Permian of China

Zhu Jia-nan, Zhang Xiu-sheng, Ma Jie

1994, 32 (4): 340-344.

Abstract ( 0 )

This paper describes a new microstrobilus of palaeozoic Cycadaceae collected from

the upper part of Lower Shihezi Formation, Dongshan Mine, Taiyuan, Shanxi, China and

named it as Cycadostrobilus paleozoicus Zhu, gen. et sp. nov. This new cycad is the oldest

microstrobilus to our knowlege of cycads. In the same locality and layer, there are Primocy-

cas chinensis Zhu et Du, Sphenophyllum emarginatum Brongn. , S. costae Sterz. , S. vertical-

latum (Schloth.) Brongn. , S. oblongifolium (Germ. et Kaulf. ) Ung. , Tingia carbonica

(Schenk.) Halle, T. hamaguchii Kon’no, Macrostachys huttoniformis Halle, Sphenopteris

norinii Halle, S. firmata Sze, S. gothanii Halle, Sphenopteridium pseudogermanicum

(Halle) Gu et Zhi, Pecopteris feminaeformis (Schloth.) Sterz. , P. wongii Halle, P. tuber-

culata Halle, P. unita Brongn. , P. taiyuanensis Halle, Emplectopteris triangularis Halle,

Taeniopteris norinii Halle, T. spp. , Cordaites principalis (Germ.) Gein. , Cornucarpus patu-

lus Halle, Radicites spp. and a few taxa unknown to palaeobotanical data. The authors con-

sider that Cycadostrobilus paleozoicus is the same species as Primocycas chinensis, and its veg.

etative leaves are similar to those of the genus Taeniopteris, e.g.T. norinii Halle.

New Observations on Drepanophycus spinaeformis from the Lower Devonian of Guizhou, China

Geng Bao-yin, Zhu Wei-qing

1994, 32 (4): 345-348.

Abstract ( 0 )

Drepanophycus spinaeformis Goeppert is a plant of world-wide distribution in

the Lower Devonian. Although this species has been reported from numerous localities, it is

far from being understood well, because the fertile material is rare. Observation on speci-

mens from the Danlin Formation of Guizhou showed that the sporangia were borne on short

stalks attached laterally to the axes near the leaf axil, nearly sphaeroid, and smaller than

Rayner’ kidney sporangia. Howerer, other character, e. g. banded nutritive axis bearing

spiral drepanoid leaves, perforated tracheid wall, are the same as those described by Rayn-

er. We agree with Rayner in raising Drepanophycales to the status of class, Drepanophy-

copsida, parallel with Zosterophyllopsida and Lycopsida. The systematic position of

Drepanophycopsida is in between Zosterophyllopsida and Lycopsida. The class includes one

order, one family and three genera (Drepanophycus, Baragwanathia and Asteroxylon).

The fertile parts of the plant are reported for the first time in China.

Paeonia in Xinjiang, China

Hong De-yuan, Pan Kai-yu, Li Xue-yu

1994, 32 (4): 349-355.

Abstract ( 0 )

The present paper deals with the genus Paeonia in Xinjiang, whose taxonomy has

been confused. Based on the field observation, population sampling and the examination of

herbarium specimens, a taxonomical revision is made in this paper. Two species are recog-

nized, i. e. Paeonia anomala L. and P. sinjiangensis K. Y. Pan. P. altaica K. M. Dai

et T. H. Ying is reduced to P. sinjiangensis and P. hybrida (= P. anomala var.

intermedia) is reduced to P. anomala. The diagnostic characters of the two species are de-

scribed and illustrated, and a map of their distribution in Xinjiang is presented. A key to

these two species is provided here.

1. Roots straight, not thickened; sepals all caudate, less frequently one or very rarely two

non-caudate ................................................ 1. P. sinjiangensis K. Y. Pan.

2. Roots fusiform or tuberous; inner three sepals non-caudate, less frequently one of them

caudate .............................................................. 2. P. anomala L.

key words Xinjiang; Paeonia; P. anomala; P. sinjiangensis; revision

A New Species of Allium L. from Sichuan and Its Karyotype

Xu Jie-mei, Xue Pei-feng, Zhu Shi-mei, Jing Wang-chun

1994, 32 (4): 356-358.

Abstract ( 0 )

The new species of Allium L. , A. maowenense J. M. Xu, from Sichuan Province

is described in this paper. It is similar to A. eusperma Airy-Shaw, but differs from the latter

by white flowers and filaments about 2 times longer than tepals. The present paper also re-

ports the karyotype of the new species. The karyotypic formula was K (2n) = 2x = 16 = 14m

+2st (2SAT) with one pair of intercalary satellites, which sometimes were not found clear-

ly. The karyotypic asymmetry belongs to Stebbins’ 2A type.

A New Species of Paraboea Ridley from Thailand

Xu Zhao-ran

1994, 32 (4): 359-361.

Abstract ( 0 )

A New Species of Spiradiclis ( Rubiaceae) from Guangxi

Liu Shou-yang, Wei Song-ji

1994, 32 (4): 362-364.

Abstract ( 0 )

One new species of the genus Spiradiclis (Rubiaceae), S. longibracteata S. Y. Liu et S. J. Wei from Guangxi Autonomous Region is described in this paper.

A New Variety of Chrysosplenium hydrocotylifolium Lévl. et Vant. (Saxifragaceae) from China

Xu Song-jun, Li Ze-xian

1994, 32 (4): 364-364.

Abstract ( 0 )

A Revision of Ajania potaninii ( Krasch.) Poljak. Group (Compositae)

Shih Chu

1994, 32 (4): 365-368.

Abstract ( 0 )

In 1983, in Flora Reipublicae Popularis Sinicae 76 (1) Ajania potaninii

(Krasch.) Poljak. was treated broadly by the present author. At that time, Chrysanthemum

potaninii (Krasch.) Hand.-Mazz. var. amphiseriaceum Hand.-Mazz. , Chrysanthemum trun-

catum Hand. -Mazz. and Ajania hypoleuca Ling in shed were treated as synonyms of Ajania

potaninii (Krasch.) Poljak. Evidently, the treatment of the three taxa was not suitable. It

seems neccessary to make further revision in the present paper. Abovementioned three names

treated as synonyms should be regarded as three different species of Ajania. However, these

three species are closely related to Ajania potaninii (Krasch.) Poljak. They are keying as fol-

lows:

1. Leaves undivided.

2. Leaves discolour, green, glabrous above, cinereous-white, densely white-tomentose

beneath ............................................. 1. Ajania potaninii (Krasch.) Poljak.

2. Leaves concolour on both sides, cinereous-white, densely white-tomentose .........

................................................ 2. Ajania amphiseriacea (Hand. -Mazz. ) Shih

1. Leaves pinnatipartite or pinnatisect.

3. Leaves pinnatipartite, discolour, green, glabrous above, cinereous-white, densely

white-tomentose beneath ....................................... 3. Ajania hypoleuca Ling

3. Leaves pinnatisect, concolour on both sides, cinereous-white, densely white-tomen-

rosa ............................................. 4. Ajania truncata (Hand.-Mazz. ) Ling

A Revision of the Species Walsura xizangensis C. Y. Wu et H. Li (Meliaceae)

Tao De-ding

1994, 32 (4): 369-369.

Abstract ( 0 )

A revision is made of the species Walsura xizangensis C. Y. Wu et H. Li found

in Xizang. A new combination, Glycosmis xizangensis (C. Y. Wu et H. Li)D. D. Tao, is made.

A New Species of Polystichum Roth from N. Burma and S. W. China

Kung Hsian-shiu, Zhang Li-bing

1994, 32 (4): 370-371.

Abstract ( 0 )

Polystichum adungense ching et Fraser-Jenkins is described as new from N. Bur-

ma and S. W. China

A New Genus of Ectocarpaceae from Liaoning Province, China

Luan Ri-xiao

1994, 32 (4): 372-374.

Abstract ( 0 )

The paper reports Rotiramulus R. X. Luan, a new genus of Ectocarpaceae from

Liaoning Province, China. Heterotrichous filament is its outstanding morphological characteristic.

Two New Species of Genus Giffordia from China

Wang Shu-bo

1994, 32 (4): 375-377.

Abstract ( 0 )

The present paper deals with two new species, namely, Giffordia zhejiangensis

and Giffordia hainanensis from Zhejiang and Hainan of China.

New Materials of Navicula ( Naviculaceae) from Anhui, China

Yang Ji-gao

1994, 32 (4): 378-379.

Abstract ( 0 )

In this paper, a new species, a new variety and a new record for china of Navicu-

la from Anhui Province are reported. They are Navicula anhuinsis sp. nov. and N. mutica

Kütz. var. sinica var. nov. and N. mutica var. stigma Patrick.

The Compatibility Concept and Compatibility Analysis Method in Cladistics

Xu Ke-xue

1994, 32 (4): 380-388.

Abstract ( 0 )

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