栎属青冈亚属（壳斗科）的叶表皮研究

doi:10.7523/j.issn.2095-6134.2001.6.001

中国科学院大学学报 ›› 2001, Vol. 39 ›› Issue (6): 489-501.DOI: 10.7523/j.issn.2095-6134.2001.6.001

• • 下一篇

栎属青冈亚属（壳斗科）的叶表皮研究

罗艳,周浙昆

收稿日期:1900-01-01 修回日期:1900-01-01 发布日期:2001-11-10
通讯作者: 罗艳

Leaf epidermis of Quercus subgen. Cyclobalanopsis (Oerst.) Schneid. (Fagaceae)

LUO Yan, ZHOU Zhe-Kun

Received:1900-01-01 Revised:1900-01-01 Published:2001-11-10
Contact: LUO Yan

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

利用光镜和扫描电镜观察了栎属青冈亚属Quercus subgen. Cyclobalanopsis 48种植物的叶表皮，尤以对叶下表皮的毛被特征观察较为仔细。共观察到8种不同类型的叶表皮毛：单列毛、单毛、乳突、星状毛、溶和星状毛、具柄束毛、多出毛和水母状毛。其中乳突在青冈亚属中较常见，而在壳斗科其他属中仅在石栎属 Lithocarpus 少数种类中有报道；水母状毛首次在壳斗科中发现。毛被可能遵循以下的演化规律：乳突→单毛→星状毛；星状毛依照从简单→复杂的演化途径，分化出各种形态各异和结构复杂的毛系。初步讨论了毛被以及叶表皮其他特征(如毛基细胞和表皮细胞的形态、气孔的类型和密度等)的分类和系统学意义。

关键词: 青冈亚属, 壳斗科, 叶表皮, 毛被, 演化趋势

Abstract:

The characters of leaf epidermis (mainly epidermal cells, stomata, trichomes) have been

examined in 48 species of Quercus subgen. Cyclobalanopsis of the Fagaceae. The adaxial leaf epi-

dermis was investigated under light microscope. The epidermal cells of this surface are of two types

in terms of the outline of their anticlinal wall. One type is characterized by having straight wall, and this type has been observed in most of the species studied, while the other is characterized by having

sinuate or sinuolate wall, and this type has been found only in eight species, such as Q. blakei and

Q. hui. There exist two types of trichome-bases on this surface: in one type the bases are single-

celled, and this type has been found in most of the species studied, such as Q. oxyodon and Q.

augustinii; while in the other the bases consist of a group of cells, and this type has been found

only in nine species, such as Q. thorelii and Q. chungii. The abaxial leaf epidermis was investi-

gated under light microscope and scanning electron microscope. The epidermal cells and the

trichome-bases on this surface under LM are in morphology essentially similar to those on the adaxial

surface. The stomata under LM include three types: cyclocytic, subcyclocytic and anomocytic. The

stomatal density is of some diagnostic value to distinguish between closely related species, e.g. the

stomatal density in Q. glauca is higher than that in Q. schottkyana. Under SEM the stomata are

elliptical or roundish. The most noteworthy feature of the adaxial leaf epidermis is the trichomes.

Eight types of trichomes have been observed under SEM: simple-uniseriate, solitary, papillae, stel-

late, fused-stellate, stipitate-fasciculate, multiradiate and jellyfish-like. The first type, i.e. the

simple-uniseriate trichome, is glandular, other six types, i.e. the solitary, papillae, stellate,

fused-stellate, stipitate-fasciculate and multiradiate trichomes, are non-glandular, and the last one,

i.e. the jellyfish-like trichome, may represent an intermediate type in structure between the glandu-

lar and the non-glandular trichomes. Papillae are very common in subgen. Cyclobalanopsis although

in the Fagaceae they were previously reported only in a few species of Lithocarpus. The jellyfish-like

trichome, observed only in Q. sichouensis, is reported in the Fagaceae for the first time. The evo-

lutionary trends of trichomes are discussed. The trichomes seem to evolve toward the direction of in-

creasing complexity in structure. Papillae are considered as the pedomorphism of trichomes. From

papillae the solitary trichomes and then the stellate ones have evolved. The complicated trichome

types with more arms may be produced from relatively simple ones with fewer arms by means of vari-

ons fusion: several stellate trichomes are fused to form the fused-stellate ones by basal fusion, and

by the same way the fused-stellate ones to form the stipitate-fasciculate ones; the multiradiate

trichomes are formed by the stellate ones, in which the arms emerge in a variety of seemingly random

directions from a typically rounded common base. Based on the above results, it is considered that

the trichome features are of important significance for a better understanding of the infrageneric divi-

sion of Quercus and the phylogenetic relationships between this genus and the other genera in the

Fagaceae. The very common presence of papillae in Quercus subgen. Cyclobalanopsis and in a few

species of Lithocarpus may indicate that subgen. Cyclobalanopsis is a quite natural group on the one

hand, and may have close relationship with Lithocarpus on the other hand. The thin-walled, jelly-

fish-like trichomes found in Q. sichouensis are in structure similar to the “glandular” peltate

trichomes in Trigonobalanus, a genus generally regarded as the most primitive in subfam. Quer-

coideae, indicating that the affinity between subgen. Cyclobalanopsis and Trigonobalanus may be

closer than that between subgen. Quercus and Trigonobalanus.

Key words: Quercus subgen. Cyclobalanopsis, Fagaceae, Leaf epidermis, Trichomes, Evolution-

罗艳,周浙昆. 栎属青冈亚属（壳斗科）的叶表皮研究[J]. 中国科学院大学学报, 2001, 39(6): 489-501.

LUO Yan, ZHOU Zhe-Kun. Leaf epidermis of Quercus subgen. Cyclobalanopsis (Oerst.) Schneid. (Fagaceae)[J]. , 2001, 39(6): 489-501.

[1]	任辉, 潘开玉, 陈之端, 王仁卿. 葡萄科植物叶表皮特征及其系统学意义[J]. 中国科学院大学学报, 2003, 41(6): 531-544.
[2]	王文采. 铁线莲属研究随记(Ⅲ)[J]. 中国科学院大学学报, 2000, 38(6): 497-514.
[3]	王萍莉,溥发鼎,郑中华. 南水青冈属花粉形态类型及其分类学意义[J]. 中国科学院大学学报, 2000, 38(5): 452-461.
[4]	. 纪念量子论创立一百周年学术报告会在京隆重举行[J]. 中国科学院大学学报, 2000, 17(2): 12-12.

栎属青冈亚属（壳斗科）的叶表皮研究

Leaf epidermis of Quercus subgen. Cyclobalanopsis (Oerst.) Schneid. (Fagaceae)

可视化

摘要/Abstract

引用本文

使用本文

参考文献

相关文章 4

编辑推荐

Metrics

本文评价

访问统计

联系我们