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中国科学院大学学报 ›› 2007, Vol. 24 ›› Issue (1): 73-80.DOI: 10.7523/j.issn.2095-6134.2007.1.011

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长春百年城市土地利用空间结构演变的信息熵与分形机制研究

匡文慧 张树文   

  1. 中国科学院东北地理与农业生态研究所
  • 收稿日期:1900-01-01 修回日期:1900-01-01 发布日期:2007-01-15

Analyzing the Information Entropy and Fractal Dimension of Urban Land Use Spatial Evolving Process from 1900 to 2004 in Changchun City

KUANG Wen-Hui , ZHANG Shu-Wen   

  1. The Northeast Institute of Geography and Agricultural Ecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun,
  • Received:1900-01-01 Revised:1900-01-01 Published:2007-01-15

摘要: 在RS与GIS的支持下,综合集成SPOT5、大比例尺地形图及城市规划图等空间数据对长春市1900、1930、1954、1976、1990及2004年城市用地进行分类,引入信息熵、分形指数及空间插值模型研究长春百年城市土地利用空间结构演变过程中的信息熵与分形特征,进一步研究其演变过程的作用机制。研究结果表明:长春市百年城市土地利用结构的信息熵逐渐升高(除1990年),各类城市用地复杂程度逐渐提高,向着均衡化的方向发展。城市土地利用信息熵空间变异函数符合指数模型,块金方差(Nugget)与基台值(Sill)的比例有逐渐增加的趋势,表明信息熵空间自相关减弱,城市土地利用均质性空间差异变大。长春百年城市土地利用分形特征表明商业用地在城市中心集聚,而工业用地向城市边缘分散,1954年后城市土地利用表现出很强的分形性,表明城市发展过程的自组织特征。社会制度、城市交通、城市地价及城市规划是影响城市土地利用演变过程中信息熵与分形变化的主要作用机制。

关键词: 城市土地, 信息熵, 分形, 长春市, 100年

Abstract:

The spatial information of urban land use in Changchun city, China in 1900,1930,1954,1976,1990 and 2004 is extracted by integrating SPOT5 images, relief maps and urban planning maps and other spatial data based on remote sensing and GIS. The land use information entropy and fractal dimension and mechanism of urban spatial evolving process is analyzed in Changchun city in the 100 years based information entropy, fractal dimension and spatial variation model. The results show that the land use information entropy increased except for 1990 and urban land types diversifies and its structure became balanced in Changchun in the 100 years. The Spatial variation function of land use information entropy accord with exponential model. The ratio of nugget and sill increases, which indicates its spatial auto-correlation decreased and the homogeneous character became weakened. Commercial land gathers toward the center of the internal circle. By contrary, industry land clusters in the urban fringe. The fractal dimension of urban evolving indicates the character of self-organizing. Social regime, urban roads, urban land price and urban planning are the important factors to the land use information entropy and fractal dimension of urban spatial evolving process.

Key words: urban land, information entropy, fractal dimension, Changchun city, 100 years

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