基于祝融号火星车次表层探测雷达的乌托邦平原浅表层结构分析*

doi:10.7523/j.ucas.2023.030

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 火星次表层探测对于获取火星历史演化信息、寻找火星可能的生命生存环境至关重要。中国祝融号火星车成功着陆于火星乌托邦平原南部,其携带的火星车次表层探测雷达(RoPeR)能够对着陆区次表层进行高精度探测。本文基于祝融号RoPeR高频通道数据,开展了对乌托邦平原浅表层结构的探测研究,包括：(1)祝融号着陆区浅表层结构建模与基于时域有限差分算法(FDTD)的浅表层回波数值模拟;(2)祝融号RoPeR高频通道数据处理;(3)乌托邦平原浅表层结构解译分析。研究结果验证了祝融号RoPeR的浅表层探测能力：乌托邦平原表层存在有10~20 cm厚的固结硬壳,硬壳下为混有不同粒径岩石的松散风化物,推测随着深度增加逐渐过渡到亚马逊纪中期的沉积层序;第101个火星日的雷达图像中出现强回波信号,推测与近期陨石活动有关。研究结果初步揭示了乌托邦平原的浅表层结构,对于实地采样等后续火星探测任务有较好的参考意义。

关键词: 祝融号, 次表层探测雷达, 乌托邦平原, 浅表层结构

Abstract: Mars subsurface exploration is essential to obtain information on the historical evolution of Mars and to search for possible living environment on Mars. The Rover Penetrating Radar (RoPeR) on board Zhurong, the rover of China's first Mars exploration mission, is used to detect the subsurface structure of Utopia Planitia. In this paper, high-frequency channel data of RoPeR are selected to obtain the shallow subsurface information of Utopia Planitia. This study includes (1) subsurface structure modeling of the landing area and numerical simulation of shallow subsurface echo based on the Finite-Difference Time-Domain (FDTD) algorithm; (2) processing the high-frequency channel data of RoPeR; (3) interpreting the shallow subsurface structure of Utopia Planitia. The study results validate the ability of RoPeR to detect shallow subsurface structure. There is a 10~20 cm duricrust at the surface of the Zhurong landing area. Under the duricrust are loose weathering material and randomly distributed gravels, which gradually transition to the middle Amazonian sedimentary sequence with increasing depth. There are strong echo signals in the radar image of Sol 101, which are presumed to be related to recent meteorite activity. The results of the study initially reveal the shallow subsurface structure of Utopia Planitia, which is a good reference for the situ probing and sampling experiments of the subsequent Mars exploration missions.

Key words: Zhurong rover, Rover Penetrating Radar, Utopia Planitia, shallow subsurface structure

中图分类号:

P185.3

杨佳琦, 邵芸, 卞小林, 张婷婷, 王国军. 基于祝融号火星车次表层探测雷达的乌托邦平原浅表层结构分析^*[J]. 中国科学院大学学报, DOI: 10.7523/j.ucas.2023.030.

YANG Jiaqi, SHAO Yun, BIAN Xiaolin, ZHANG Tingting, WANG Guojun. Analysis of the shallow subsurface structure of the Utopia Planitia based on Zhurong Rover Penetrating Radar data[J]. Journal of University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, DOI: 10.7523/j.ucas.2023.030.

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基于祝融号火星车次表层探测雷达的乌托邦平原浅表层结构分析^*

Analysis of the shallow subsurface structure of the Utopia Planitia based on Zhurong Rover Penetrating Radar data

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