基于雨洪状况分析的低影响开发设施的空间配置——以中国科学院大学雁栖湖校区为例*

doi:10.7523/j.ucas.2024.050

中国科学院大学学报

基于雨洪状况分析的低影响开发设施的空间配置——以中国科学院大学雁栖湖校区为例^*

张晗¹, 张娜^1,2†

1 中国科学院大学资源与环境学院, 北京 101408;
2 中国科学院大学北京燕山地球关键带国家野外科学观测研究站, 北京 101408

收稿日期:2024-04-09 修回日期:2024-05-16 发布日期:2024-06-04
通讯作者: ^†E-mail: zhangna@ucas.ac.cn
基金资助:
^*北京市自然科学基金重点项目（编号：8181001）和科技部科技基础资源调查专项（编号：2022FY100100）资助

Spatial configuration of low impact development facilities based on stormwater condition analysis: a case study of the Yanqi Lake campus of the University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences

ZHANG Han¹, ZHANG Na^1,2

1 College of Resources and Environment, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 101408;
2 Beijing Yanshan Earth Critical Zone National Research Station, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 101408, China

Received:2024-04-09 Revised:2024-05-16 Published:2024-06-04

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 低影响开发（LID）设施的配置对恢复城市自然水文过程至关重要。本研究以中国科学院大学雁栖湖校区为研究区,基于5种重现期降雨情景下模拟的各个子汇水小区的峰值地表径流量和总固体悬浮物负载（TSS）,构建了雨洪状况综合指标,据此识别了优先配置LID设施的子汇水小区;并根据LID设施的配置要求和地理环境条件,确定了各小区的LID设施类型和最佳面积比例,由此制定了LID设施的配置方案。模拟分析了绿色屋顶、雨水花园、植草沟和渗透路面这四类设施不同空间配置的小区与整体地表径流和TSS削减效果。结果表明,对整个研究区,实施此方案可使总地表径流量和TSS负载削减率达到16%~24%;且与其他方案相比,削减效果最为明显。雨水花园、渗透路面和植草沟的径流和污染削减效果随其占小区面积比例的增大而增强,并在不同重现期降雨下保持稳定。绿色屋顶的污染削减率随面积比例增大而增加;径流削减效果还受地表土地覆被的极大影响：在绿色屋顶面积比例接近的情况下,削减效果随绿地增多而趋好。然而,在强降雨时,各类LID设施以及整体方案的削减效果有所减弱,仍需与城市地下管网及水系协同发挥作用。这些研究结果可为研究区的改造和建设提供重要的参考依据,以更好地防控极端降雨可能产生的内涝和污染灾害。

关键词: 雨洪状况, 雨洪管理模型, 地表径流, 总固体悬浮物, 削减率

Abstract: This study, conducted at the Yanqi Lake Campus of the University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, is crucial for restoring urban natural hydrological processes through LID facility configuration. It utilizes simulations based on five rainfall recurrence intervals to analyze peak surface runoff and TSS loads across various sub-catchments. A comprehensive stormwater condition index was created to prioritize sub-catchments for LID facility configuration. Based on the specific requirements for LID facilities and local geographic conditions, optimal types and area proportions of LID facilities were determined, leading to a strategic LID configuration plan. The plan included different spatial configurations of green roofs, rain gardens, vegetated swales, and permeable pavements, and their impact on reducing local and overall runoff and TSS was assessed. The results indicated that implementing this strategy could reduce total surface runoff and TSS loads by 16%-24% across the study area, showing the most significant reduction compared to other strategies. The effectiveness of rain gardens, permeable pavements, and vegetated swales in reducing runoff and pollution increased with their area proportion and remained stable under different rainfall recurrences. Green roofs showed increased pollution reduction with greater area coverage, though their runoff reduction effectiveness was greatly influenced by surface land cover, improving with increased green space. However, under heavy rainfall, the effectiveness of all types of LID facilities, as well as the overall strategy, was reduced, indicating the need for integrated management with the urban underground drainage network and water systems. These findings provide a crucial reference for the redevelopment and construction of the study area to better manage potential flooding and pollution disasters from extreme rainfall events.

Key words: stormwater condition, stormwater management model, surface runoff, total suspended solids, reduction rate

中图分类号:

P333

张晗, 张娜. 基于雨洪状况分析的低影响开发设施的空间配置——以中国科学院大学雁栖湖校区为例^*[J]. 中国科学院大学学报, DOI: 10.7523/j.ucas.2024.050.

ZHANG Han, ZHANG Na. Spatial configuration of low impact development facilities based on stormwater condition analysis: a case study of the Yanqi Lake campus of the University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences[J]. Journal of University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, DOI: 10.7523/j.ucas.2024.050.

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基于雨洪状况分析的低影响开发设施的空间配置——以中国科学院大学雁栖湖校区为例^*

Spatial configuration of low impact development facilities based on stormwater condition analysis: a case study of the Yanqi Lake campus of the University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences

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