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基于MODIS数据的呼伦贝尔典型草原植被时空格局变化及其影响因素*

李可歆1,2,3, 唐海蓉1,2,3, 张鹏1,2†   

  1. 1中国科学院空天信息创新研究院, 北京 100094;
    2中国科学院空天信息创新研究院 空间信息处理与应用系统技术重点实验室, 北京 100190;
    3中国科学院大学电子电气与通信工程学院, 北京 100049
  • 收稿日期:2024-09-30 修回日期:2025-02-21
  • 通讯作者: E-mail:zhangpeng@aircas.ac.cn
  • 基金资助:
    *国家重点研发计划(2023YFF1303802)资助

The spatiotemporal variation of vegetation and its influencing factors in the Hulunbuir typical steppe based on MODIS data

LI Kexin1,2,3, TANG Hairong1,2,3, ZHANG Peng1,2   

  1. 1Aerospace Information Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100094, China;
    2Key Laboratory of Technology in Geo-Spatial Information Processing and Application System, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China;
    3Electrical and Communication Engineering, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
  • Received:2024-09-30 Revised:2025-02-21

摘要: 作为中国北部地区的绿色生态屏障,呼伦贝尔草原生态环境的变化对区域乃至全国的生态平衡产生深远影响。本研究基于长期MOD13Q1植被指数数据集及气象数据,构建了具有动态适应性且对植被活跃季节敏感的植被覆盖指标gsNDVI。通过Theil-sen回归、Mann-Kendall方法结合Hurst指数,估算了呼伦贝尔典型草原2000—2022年的植被变化趋势及未来发展趋势;同时,利用偏相关分析探究了气候因素对植被变化的影响。结果表明:研究区多年平均gsNDVI值0.39,空间分布上呈现东北高、西南低的特征;时间趋势上,gsNDVI均值总体呈缓慢增长趋势,但存在阶段性波动。大部分地区植被覆盖增加,但城市区域植被退化现象明显。偏相关分析的结果显示,降水是影响研究区植被覆盖变化的主要因素,草地对降水的响应最为敏感。同时,据趋势分析和Hurst指数的耦合结果,呼伦贝尔未来将有部分地区植被趋势呈现反转,对该地区的生态环境保护带来一定挑战。

关键词: 植被变化, MODIS, 气候因素, 未来趋势, 呼伦贝尔

Abstract: As a green ecological barrier in northern China, changes in the ecological environment of Hulunbuir steppe have a profound impact on both the regional ecological balance and, to some extent, the broader ecological equilibrium of the entire country. Based on the long-term MOD13Q1 vegetation index dataset and meteorological data, this study developed a dynamically adaptable vegetation cover index, gsNDVI, which is sensitive to the active vegetation season. The vegetation change trend and future development of the Hulunbuir typical steppe from 2000 to 2022 were analyzed using the Theil-Sen regression, the Mann-Kendall method, and the Hurst exponent. Additionally, partial correlation analysis was employed to investigate the impact of climate factors on vegetation change. The results show that the multi-year average gsNDVI value for the study area is 0.39, with a spatial distribution characterized by higher values in the northeast and lower values in the southwest. Overall, the mean gsNDVI value exhibits a slow growth trend, though periodic fluctuations are observed. Vegetation coverage has increased in most areas, though noticeable degradation is evident in urban areas. The partial correlation analysis results indicate that precipitation is the primary factor influencing vegetation cover change in the study area, with grasslands being the most sensitive to changes in precipitation. Furthermore, based on the combined results of trend analysis and the Hurst exponent, the vegetation trend in certain areas of Hulunbuir is expected to reverse in the future, which may pose significant challenges to ecological and environmental protection in the region.

Key words: vegetation change, MODIS, climate factors, future trends, Hulunbuir

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