铃兰族(广义)花粉形态与叶表皮特征的研究

中国科学院大学学报

铃兰族(广义)花粉形态与叶表皮特征的研究

马黎明, 洪德元

收稿日期:1900-01-01 修回日期:1900-01-01 出版日期:1990-05-10 发布日期:1990-05-10
通讯作者: 马黎明

Pollen Morphology and Epidermal Characters of Leaves in Convallarieae (s. l.)

Ma Li-Ming, Hong De-Yuan

Received:1900-01-01 Revised:1900-01-01 Online:1990-05-10 Published:1990-05-10
Contact: Ma Li-Ming

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

对铃兰族(广义)7个属分别作了花粉(17种)扫描电镜观察和叶表皮(12种)的光学显微镜和

扫描电镜观察。花粉可分为8个类型。在狭义的铃兰族的4个属内，花粉全为远极单槽，舟状。它们

的外壁除夏须草属外，都具细孔。夏须草属的花粉外壁则为细皱。 Hutchinson(1934)的蜘蛛抱蛋族

花粉形态变异很大，其中开口箭属和万年青属的花粉为远极单槽，舟形，外壁具穿孔或网纹，而蜘蛛抱

蛋属的花粉则为球状，无萌发孔。其间的显著差异支持Nakai为前两个属建立万年青族(Rohdeae)。

表1归纳了7个属的花粉形态；图1是我们对铃兰族(广义)花粉形态演化的见解。叶表皮观察表明，气

孔器为无规则型，上表皮角质层主要为条纹加厚，或均匀加厚，而铃兰属的角质层秕糠状加厚。7个属

的叶表皮特征归纳于表2。

关键词: 花粉形态, 进化趋势, 叶表皮特征, 铃兰族, 蜘蛛抱蛋族, 万年青族

Abstract:

The tribe Convallarieae (sensu Krause 1930) consists of 7 genera, i.e. Con-

vallaria, Speirantha, Reineckia, Theropogon, Tupistra, Rohdea and Aspidistra, but now gen-

erally recognized as two tribes, Convallarieae (the former 4 genera) and Aspidistreae (the

rest). Observed in this work were pollen morphology of 17 species and epidermal characters

of leaves of 12 species. All the 7 genera are covered in observations.

Pollen grains in Convallarieae (s. str.) are all monosulcate and boat-shaped (Plate 1: A-

F). The exine is rather uniformly microperforate (Plate 1: A-F); only Theropogon is ex-

ceptional in this respect: it has rugulate exine (Plate 1: O, P). Tang and Zhang (1985) have

pointed out the heterogeneity of Theropogon in this tribe. Pollen morphology in the tribe

Aspidistreae is widely variable. The genera Tupistra and Rohdea were shown to have mono-

sulcate and boat-shaped pollen grains. Their exine is perforate or reticulate (Plate 1: G-

N). Pollen grains in the genus Aspidistra, however, are nonaperturate and spheroidal. The

exine in the genus varies from crass-rugulate, variously gemmate to tuberculate-baculate (Plate

2; A-H). The pollen morphology of Aspidistra is therefore distinctly different from that of

Tupistra and Rohdea, which supports the Nakai's (1936) establishment of the tribe Rohdeae

for Tupistra and Rohdea. Therefore, Krause's Convallarieae is reasonably divided into at least

three tribes, Convallarieae (Speirantha, Convallaria, Reineckia and Theropogon), Aspidistreae

(Aspidistra) and Rohdeae (Rohdea and Tupistra). The pollen characters of all the 7 genera

are shown in Table 1. The evolutionary trends of pollen morphology (aperture and exine) in

the three tribes are discussed and our major view-points are shown in Fig. 1.

Observations on epidermal characters of leaves show that in the Convallarieae (s. 1.) sto-

matal apparatuses are all anomocytic; cuticular layer on the upper epidermis is mainly striate-

thickened or rather uniformly thickened (Plate 2: J--P; Plate 3: A-C, F-N), whereas in

the genus Convallaria the cuticular layer is squamosely thickened (Plate 2: I; Plate 3: D, E).

The epidermal characters of leaves in the 7 genera are summarized in Table 2.

Key words: Pollen morphology, Evolutionary trends, Epidermal characters, Convallarieae, Aspidistreae, Rohdeae

马黎明, 洪德元. 铃兰族(广义)花粉形态与叶表皮特征的研究[J]. 中国科学院大学学报.

Ma Li-Ming, Hong De-Yuan. Pollen Morphology and Epidermal Characters of Leaves in Convallarieae (s. l.)[J]. .

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