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被子植物的花粉形态系列与系统发育

M.温坎坡, 郑卓   

  • 收稿日期:1900-01-01 修回日期:1900-01-01 出版日期:1990-03-10 发布日期:1990-03-10
  • 通讯作者: M.温坎坡

Series of Pollen Morphology and Phylogeny of Angiosperms

Madeleine Van Campo, Zheng Zhuo   

  • Received:1900-01-01 Revised:1900-01-01 Online:1990-03-10 Published:1990-03-10
  • Contact: Madeleine Van Campo

摘要:

现代被子植物的花粉类型绝大部分可以归入两大形态系列——连续式系列和短轴式系列。这两
个系列从原始到进化的诸多花粉类型不仅存在于现代植物中,而且地层中的化石花粉也揭示出类似的演化趋向。  本文着重讨论了与这些形态系列关系较为密切的一些植物类群,以及它们在系统发育方面的意义。

关键词: 花粉形态, 连续式, 短轴式, 螺旋化, 系统发育, 萌发孔

Abstract:

Studies on angiosperm phylogeny have taken the characters of pollen grains into
special account since good documentation on modern and fossil pollen morphology has become
available. The diversified pollen types within angiosperms obey a limited number of evolutionary
laws, and the successiformy and breviary are the most important morphological series.
       The successiformy is a evolutionary succession of pollen types: tricolpate-pericolpate-peripo-
rate, which is linked to spherical pollen grains. The terminal form of successiformy, periporate
types, might have been derived through a different process. viz. the spiralization of apertures.
       The breviary consists of a series of tricolpate-oblate to tricolporate-triporate pollen types,
which includes markedly oblate form and angular-aperturate pollen grains with a particularly
short polar axis.
       The series of successiformy is found in taxa of the order Centrospermales and some taxa
of the Rosidae and Asteridae, while the breviary is widespread in many Rosidae and Amenti-
ferae.
       These morphological series have been otherwise proved in regard to the evolutionary direc-
tions by the reliable fossil data.

Key words: Pollen morphology, Successiformy, Breviary, Aperturate spiralization, Phylogeny, Aperture