中国芸香科植物叶分泌囊比较解剖学研究

中国科学院大学学报

中国芸香科植物叶分泌囊比较解剖学研究

刘文哲, 胡正海

收稿日期:1900-01-01 修回日期:1900-01-01 出版日期:1998-03-10 发布日期:1998-03-10
通讯作者: 刘文哲

Comparative Anatomy of Secretory Cavities in Leaves of the Rutaceae in China

LIU Wen-Zhe, HU Zheng-Hai

Received:1900-01-01 Revised:1900-01-01 Online:1998-03-10 Published:1998-03-10
Contact: LIU Wen-Zhe

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

利用整体透明、石腊和薄切片方法对芸香科22属，40种和2变种植物叶分泌囊的形态结构和分

布进行了比较研究。成熟分泌囊都由鞘细胞和一层上皮细胞围绕圆形腔隙构成，上皮细胞扁平，细胞壁

薄、完整，故分泌囊属裂生方式发生。鞘细胞1～5层，不同种类的层数有变化，个别种缺乏。内层鞘细

胞为扁平的薄壁细胞，外层的细胞壁较厚。分泌囊的形态结构、着生位置和分布密度等在不同属或不同

种间存在一定差异。根据分泌囊在叶中的分布位置和形态结构特点，可将其划分为:叶缘齿缝分泌囊，

叶肉分泌囊和两者混合型。叶肉分泌囊又可分海绵组织分泌囊和栅栏组织分泌囊。在此基础上对该科

各类型分泌囊的形态演化关系以及各亚科或各属间的亲缘关系进行了探讨。

关键词: 芸香科, 分泌囊, 比较解剖学

Abstract:

Comparative observations were made on the morphology and anatomy of secretory

cavities in leaves of 22 genera, 40 species and two varieties by the whole mounting, paraffin

and thin section method. A mature cavity consists of one layer of epithelial cells surrounding

a large intercellular space and one to five layers of peripheral sheath cells. The epithelial cells

were flattened, thin-walled and integrated, which suggests that the cavities developed

schizogenously. The sheath cells were also flattened. The cell walls of the outer layers had

relative thickenings. The number of layers of the sheath cells varied with species. A few of

species appeared to lack the sheath cells. The localization and structure of the cavities were

correlated with taxa at generic and specific level. According to their structural features and

arrangement in leaves, the secretory cavities can be grouped into four types as follows: the

notch type (between the leaf-teeth), the mesophyll type which is subdivided into spongy

parenchyma subtype and palisade parenchyma subtype, and the mixed type (with both notch

and mesophyll cavities). Based on these observations evolutionary trends concerning the mor-

phology and anatomy of cavities and affinity among subfamilies or genera are discussed. It is

suggested that the mixed type of cavities developed from the notch and mesophyll types.

Key words: Rutaceae, Secretory cavities, Comparative anatomy

刘文哲, 胡正海. 中国芸香科植物叶分泌囊比较解剖学研究[J]. 中国科学院大学学报.

LIU Wen-Zhe, HU Zheng-Hai. Comparative Anatomy of Secretory Cavities in Leaves of the Rutaceae in China[J]. .

[1]	吕洪飞,胡正海. 金丝桃属植物叶中分泌结构的比较解剖学研究[J]. 中国科学院大学学报, 2001, 39(5): 393-404.
[2]	蔡霞,胡正海. 中国木兰科植物的叶结构及其油细胞的比较解剖学研究[J]. 中国科学院大学学报, 2000, 38(3): 218-230.
[3]	初庆刚,胡正海. 中国樟科植物叶中油细胞和粘液细胞的比较解剖研究[J]. 中国科学院大学学报, 1999, 37(6): 529-540.
[4]	郭天池, 叶荫民. 中国柑桔属(芸香科)一新种[J]. 中国科学院大学学报, 1997, 35(4): 353-355.
[5]	何永华, 李朝銮, 曹亚玲. 葡萄属营养器官的比较解剖学及其系统学意义[J]. 中国科学院大学学报, 1994, 32(2): 154-164.
[6]	李鸣, 冯毓秀, 肖培根. 中国乌头属药用植物比较解剖学的研究[J]. 中国科学院大学学报, 1991, 29(2): 97-112.