四川当归属八种植物的核型及地理分布研究

中国科学院大学学报

四川当归属八种植物的核型及地理分布研究

潘泽惠, 刘心恬, 佘孟兰, 徐朗然

收稿日期:1900-01-01 修回日期:1900-01-01 出版日期:1991-09-10 发布日期:1991-09-10
通讯作者: 潘泽惠

A Study on Karyotypes of Eight Species and Geographical Distribution of Angelica (Umbelliferae) in Sichuan

Pan Ze-Hui, Liu Xin-Tian, Sheh Meng-Lan, Xu Lang-Ran

Received:1900-01-01 Revised:1900-01-01 Online:1991-09-10 Published:1991-09-10
Contact: Pan Ze-Hui

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

本文首次报道四川八种当归属植物的染色体数目和核型。染色体基数x=11，除青海当归为四倍

体植物外，其余种类均为二倍体植物。金山当归 2n=22=20m+2sm；城口当归

2n=22=18m+2sm^sat+2sm；疏叶当归在不同地区有2种核型：2n=22=18m+4sm和

2n=22=16m+6sm；四川当归2n=22=16m+2sm^sat+4sm；茂汶当归2n=22=16m+6sm；青海当归

2n=4x=44=36m+8sm；当归2n= 22=14m+8sm；峨眉当归2n=22=10m+2sm+10st。除金山当归和

疏叶当归的部分居群核型为1A型外，其余种类均为2A型。根据核型的不对称性程度和外部形态分析

了各种类的演化水平，结合四川当归属植物的种类及地理分布，提出四川可能是当归属植物的原始中心

和演化中心之一。

关键词: 当归属, 核型, 地理分布, 四川

Abstract:

Nearly 32 species of Angelica occur in China, taking up one third of total species

number of the genus in the world, with 12 species in Sichuan. In the present paper karyotypes

of 8 species from Sichuan are first reported with x = 11. The parameters of chromosomes of 8

species are given in Table 1 and the karyotypes are shown in Plate 1, 2. The karyotype formu-

lae are as follows: A. valida Diels K(2n) =22=20m+2sm (Wulong Xian, alt. 1900m); A.

dielsii Boiss. K(2n) =22= 18m+2sm^sat+2sm (Songpan Xian, alt. 3000m); A. laxifoliata Diels

has 2 kinds of karyotypes in 3 populations: K(2n) =22= 18m+4sm (Hanyuan Xian, alt.

1900m) and K(2n) =22= 16m+6sm (Songpan Xian, alt. 2500m and Baoji in Shaanxi, alt. =

1500m); A. setchuensis Diels K (2n) = 22 = 16m+2sm^sat+4sm (Songpan Xian, alt. 2800m); A.

maowenensis Yuan et Shan K(2n) =22= 16m+ 6sm (Songpan Xian, alt. 2800); A.

chinghaiensis Shan ex K.T.Fu K (2n) = 4x= 44 = 36m+8sm (Songpan Xian, alt. 3500m); A.

Sinensis (Oliv.)Diels K(2n) =22= 14M+8sm (Songpan Xian, alt. 2900m); A. omeiensis

Yuan et Shan K (2n) = 22 = 10m+2sm+ 10st (Mt. Omei, alt. 2100m). The karyotypes of A.

valida and 2 populations of A. laxifoliata belong to “1A” and those of one population of A.

laxifoliata and the rest 6 species “2A”.

By analysing the correlation between the karyotypic symmetry and vertical distribution

of A. laxifoliata and A. chinghaiensis, it is considered that as altitude rises, the karyotypic

asymmetry and ploidy increases.

Comparing with the karyotypes of other species distributed in Northeastern China

and Japan previously reported, the karyotype of A. valida with oblong-ovoid fruits and

1-2-pinnate leaves is most primitive and that of A. omeiensis with nearly rounded fruits

and 3-ternate-pinnate leaves is most advanced in Angelica. Based on the fact that many

species including the most primitive and the most advanced species are concentrated in

Sichuan, it may be suggested that the center of origin and diversity of Angelica be in

Sichuan characterized.

Key words: Angelica, Karyotype, Geographical distribution, Sichuan

潘泽惠, 刘心恬, 佘孟兰, 徐朗然. 四川当归属八种植物的核型及地理分布研究[J]. 中国科学院大学学报.

Pan Ze-Hui, Liu Xin-Tian, Sheh Meng-Lan, Xu Lang-Ran. A Study on Karyotypes of Eight Species and Geographical Distribution of Angelica (Umbelliferae) in Sichuan[J]. .

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