This paper studies, in case that replicated observations are available in some experimental points, the semi-linear errors-in-variables model in which independent variables are non-random.Estimation of linear parameters and nonlinear component are given, and their strong consistency are established under moderate conditions.
It is proved that standard extended solution with n-uniton will be transformed into standard extended solution with nuniton under dressing action.It follows that dressing action preserves minimal uniton number. It is also proved that loop group action on holomorphic maps is equivalent to complex linear group action on Grassmannians.
k-ε model and two-scale turbulence model are studied and theirs modification are made in this paper. The models are applied to four hypersonic copmlex flows consisting of two cuses of a 2-D compression corner, an ogive-cylinder-flare flow, and an oblique shock wave/turbulent boundary-layer interaction. Computational results were compared with experimental data. It is shown that modificadons made to the model resulted in improved predictions of skin friction, surface heat transfer for separated flows.
The system of the Gelfand-Levitan equations for the quantum nonlinear Schrodinger model with attractive interaction is obtained, in which we have avoided introducing ill-defined operators or operators depending on coordinate parameter as those in early works. The Heisenberg field operator of the nonlinear Schrodinger model is completely determined by the well-de-fined scattering data operators.
The spectrum of the QSO 1303+308 shows a rather surprising structure, a lot of sharp peaks in the spectrum Cintensity are correlative. It is difficult to be explained by current theoretical models.
An" instantaneous thin layer" model for transnormal heat or mass transfer is brought forward in this paper. For transnormal heat or mass transfer, there is an interfacx existing in the medium, which divides the object into two parts; the“instantaneous thin layer", which is a thin Layer region around the heat or mass disturbance position, and the other part of the object. Heat or mass transfer in the"thin layer"is governed by the transnormal law Cnon-Fourier or non-Fick law and that in the other part is still complied with the traditional law (Fourier or Fick law) approximatively. Heat or mass transfer at the boundary surface of the"thin layer"region is satisfied to the continuous boundary condition (i. e.the fourth kind boundary condition).An example of one-dimensional transnormal heat conduction, resulted from a rectangular pulsed energy sauce, is presented in this paper. The hyperbolic non-Fourier heat conduction equation is employed to describe this transnormal thermal case and the finite diference method (FDM)combined with M acCormack's predictorcorrector scheme is used to solve it. The correlativity of the thickness of the thermal"instantaneous thin layer" to the thermal relaxation time, thermal diffusivity and the thermal disturbing source(includling its strength and instantaneity is obtained. M oreover, according to the analogy of the mass and heat transfer, the correlativity of the thicknes of the mass "instantaneous thin layer"to the mass relaxation time, mass diffusivity and the mass disturbing source is obtained too.
A theoretical method on constituent chemical bonds of complex crystals based on the dielectric theory of solids has been proposed systematically, the independent nonlinear optical tensor co-efficients dij of some typical NLO cxystals with complex structures have been quantitatively calculated. Theoretical values agree with experimental data satisfactorily.This work shows that our method has a good application in dealing with optical nonlinearities of complex crystals, it also would be useful in designing or modifying new NLO crystal materials.
The classification, the synthesis of phthalocyanine dyes for CD-R, the relationship between its structure and its photo-physic properties, the dependence of applied performance on its structure and a brief prospect on phthalocyanine application were reviewed and discussed.
On the basis of the helix theory proposed by the authors, the absolute configuration the optically active compound can be deduced from the rotatory property under the sodium D-line, in some cases, may need to combine with other methods.
China Seismological Bureau (CSB) has been〔irrying on routine annual earthquake prediction in China since 1975. In this study, we apply a scheme of R score to evaluate the disclosed annual predictions in the 90s. A completely random guess leads to an R score of 0 and a complete successful prediction has an R score of +1.The average R score of the annual prediction in China in the 90s is about 0.184, greater than 0.This score has to be compared with deferent strategies of random predictions because the background seismicity in China is different in different regions. The first strategy is to m ake chances of predictions at each location proportional to its background seismicity, which leads to an expected R score of 0.150. The CSB annual prediction is marginally higher than this value. The second strategy is predictions are made only at regions of highest background seismicity, the R seore then can reach、high as 0.270, superior than the CSB prediction, but this kind of prediction is practical meaningless. A combination of actual prediction of CSB and regions of highest background seismicity〔an raise the R score to 0.336, superior than strategy 2. This study indicates that annual earthquake prediction in China is still in a very preliminary stage. CSB annual prediction is not better than random predictions at remote areas, but behaves better than random predictions in populated and economic important regions which are the main areas direfully monitored in Chinese earthquake prediction project.
Cities are the center of regional systems. The simulation and prediction of urban growth is useful for regional planning, urban planning and land management.However, traditional models just regard space as an even plain, time as a simple variable. Space, time and attribute are the basic characteristics of reality world. So more effective and powerful modeling methods need to be developed to simulate the urban expansion process. Cellular Automata Mode1(CA)provides GIS with a bottom-to-top spatio-temporal modeling frame, which is composed of a fourfold; cells, states, neighbors and rules. The simplicity and flexibility make CA have the ability to simulate a variety of behaviors of complex system. In order to neet the meeds of urban dynamic spatio-temporal modeling under GIS environment, the standard CA is extended to GIS context about the concept of cells, system time and transition rules. Based on these extensions, several factors affecting urban evolution are simulated on a virtual city. Finally, to take Baotou City as an example, a model integrating GIS with ECA was built to simulate the evolution of urban expansion and sustainable land use. The initial time is 1992 when land use data were acquired by aerial photography.The change data collected by differential GPS are used for mexlel calibration. The appropriate extents of Baotou City development in 1998, 2006 and 2012 are simulated. The result of 1998 is in conformity with the surveyed data with GPS.Thus, the estaldished mexlel can be used as a virtual 1ad for decision support in urban planning and land policy-making.
Previous research1 established that there were two mediators which appeared to be relative to memory component and speed component of cognitive processing respectively in mental arithmetic in aging. This study, involving a totl of 172 adults between 20 and 79 years of age, were conducted to evaluate the relative importance of working memory in mental arthmetic in aging. Three interesting findings were obtained in this study. First, there were the significant interactions among age, working memory, and mental arithmetic complexity.Second, regression of mental arithmetic efficiency in higher working memory on in lower working memory revealed that mental arithmetic efficiency in higher w orking memo ry was 1.32 times as high as lower working memory approximately.Third, Hierarchical regression analysis was used to evaluate the contribution of working memory to mentalarithmetic in aging w hich w as in the range of 30%-5000.These results led us to conclude that working memory play an important role in adult age differences in mental arithmetic.
Discussed several security vuherabilities and attacks of the SSL (and TLS)protocol to protect the communication data on Internet, and analyzed the improvement of the protocol.
This document presents an in frast ructure if digital objects in digital library, which provides persistent storage, secure access, management and index service to the distributed digital objects. This infrastructure is composed of name service, repository service, index service and user interface gatew ay.The name service is responsible for the secure name resolution and distributed handle management in the Internet. The repository service provides the mechanism for the deposit, storage, and access to digital objects in the form of which information is stored in the repository. The index service provides the mechanism for discovery of digital objects, so that user can easily find and discover objects in the collection. A user interface gateway provides a human-centered entry point to the functionality of digital library.
Based on the analysis of the semantics of PVM parallel programming environment, and the characteristics of Dawning cluster systems, some important design decisions, completely different with that in TCP/IP based PVM3.3. 11, are made. On Dawning 2000 cluster system, a customized PVM parallel grog ramming environment, called DPVM ( Dawning PVM), isimplemented. The performanse evaluation shows that DPVM is not only able to be compatible with standard PVM semantics, but also much more efficient than TCP/ IP based PVM.