Journal of University of Chinese Academy of Sciences

The phylogenetic relationships among the possible donors of B-genome of common wheat based on internal transcribed spacer (ITS) sequences

ZHANG Wen-Ju, QU Li-Jia, GAO Wei, GU Hong-Ya, CHEN Zhang-Liang, CHEN Jia-Kuan

1999, 37 (5): 417-424.

Abstract ( 0 )

The ITS regions of 5 species in Aegilops sect. Sitopsis, the possible donors of B-

genome of common wheat, were amplified by PCR, cloned and sequenced. The phylogenetic

relationships among 5 species in Aegilops sect. Sitopsis were constructed based on ITS1 +

ITS2 sequences. The results demonstrated that Ae. speltoides was a distinct species in

Aegilops sect. Sitopsis. The average of the pairwise distances between Ae. speltoides and

the other four species was three times as high as that among the latter four. Ae. speltoides

was the earliest lineage of the section under question. Relationship between Ae. longissima

and Ae. sharonensis was the closest in Aegilops sect. Sitopsis. Sequence of ITS region

could be used as a molecular marker to identify origin of B-genome in polyploid wheats.

Phylogenetic relationships among ten Elymus species based on random amplified polymorphic DNA

ZHOU Yong-Hong, ZHENG You-Liang, YANG Jun-Liang, YAN Ji, JIA Ji-Zeng

1999, 37 (5): 425-432.

Abstract ( 0 )

Ten species of Elymus (Poaceae: Triticeae) were analyzed using random ampli-

lied polymorphic DNA (RAPD) markers. Thirty-four decamer oligonucleotide random

primers from Opron Technologies were used for polymorphic selection. 25 (73.53%) pro-

duced polymorphic products. A total of 136 bands amplified from 16 primers were selected

for RAPD analyses. The data were used to generate Nei's similarity coefficients and to con-

struct a dendrogram using UPGMA in NTSYS programs. The result showed that: (1)

Three tetraploid species, E. sibiricus L., E. caninus (L.) L. and E. lanceolatus (Scrib-

ner et Smith) Gould, were clustered in one group, while seven hexaploid species, E. nu-

tans Griseb., E. dahuricusTurcz., E. brachyaristatus A Löve, E. submuticus (Keng)

Keng f., E. tangutorum (Nevski)Hand.-Mazz., E. excelsus Turcz. and E. cylindricus

(Franch) Honda, were clustered in another group. The relationship between the tetraploid

and the hexaploid species was remote; (2) E. caninus was closely related to E. sibiricus.

This result supported that Roegneria canina (L.) Nevski was treated as Elymus caninus;

(3) E . nutans was closely related to E. dahuricus ; (4) E.brachyaristatus and E.sub-

muticus were morphologically similar and sympatric in distribution, but there were certain

differences between them in the nucleotide sequences. Both of them were related to E. nu-

tans and E. duhuricus; (5) E. excelsus was closely related to E. cylindricus, and they

were clustered with E. tangutorum; (6) RAPD results are basically comparable with those

obtained from studies on morphology and cytology. It is a useful supplementary method for

assessing the genetic relationships among Elymus species.

Karyomorphology of four species in Cimicifuga (Ranunculaceae) from China, with some cytogeographical notes on C. foetida

YANG Qin-Er

1999, 37 (5): 433-444.

Abstract ( 0 )

In this paper, four species of the genus Cimicifuga L. from China(C. acerina,

C. simplex, C. yunnanensis, C. foetida var. foetida and C. foetida var. velutina )

were karyomorphologically investigated. All the taxa studied had the same chromosome num-

ber of 2n= 16 except for C. foetida var. foetida, in which a tetraploid cytotype was found

to occur in northwestern Yunnan. Their karyotypes are all presented. The chromosome

counts in C. yunnanensis and C. foetida var. velutina are reported here for the first time.

Karyomorphology of the genus Pomatosace Maxin. (Primulaceae)

KONG Hong-Zhi, LIU Jian-Quan

1999, 37 (5): 445-450.

Abstract ( 0 )

Reported in this paper was the karyomorphology of the monotypic genus Po-

matosace Maxim. The interphase nuclei and prophase chromosomes of P. filicula Maxim.

were categorized to be complex chromocenter type and interstitial type respectively; the

metaphase chromosomes were counted to be 2n = 20, ranging in length from 6.4µm to 4.1µm; the karyotype was formulated as 2n= 18m + 2sm, with the karyotype asymmetry belonging to 2A. The similar karyomorphological characteristics of interphase nuclei and　prophase chromosomes between Pomatosace and Androsace, together with the similar sizeand morphology of their metaphase chromosomes, support the viewpoint that they are closelyrelated.

A taxonomical study on the genus Kengyilia Yen et J. L. Yang

CAI Lian-Bing, ZHI Li

1999, 37 (5): 451-467.

Abstract ( 0 )

Kengyilia Yen et J L Yang is a recently established genus in trib. Tritieeae of

Poaceae. In this paper, this genus is taxonomically revised, and a new taxonomic system is

presented. The new system includes 3 sections, 26 species and 6 varieties, of which 3 sec-

tions and 1 species are described as new, 7 taxa are treated respectively in the ways of new

status or combination and reduction. Three new sections, sect. Kengyilia, sect. Ste-

nachyra L. B. Cai and sect. Hyalolepis (Nevski) L. B. Cai, are differentiated by the

length and width of spike, the growing position of spikelet, the relative length of glume, the

colour of anther and so on. The sect. Kengyilia contains 9 species, distributed in northwest-

ern China, extending westward to Kazakhstan, Kirghizia, Tadzhikistan, Afghanistan and I-

ran; the sect. Stenachyra L. B. Cai comprises 10 species and 3 verieties, distributed in

western China, mainly in the Qinghai-Xizang Plateau; and the sect. Hyalolepis (Nevski)

L. B. Cai consists of about 7 species and 3 varieties, distributed in western China, extending

westward to Kirghizia and Tadzhikistan. Twenty-six species of Kengyilia are recognized on

the basis of the same criterion of specific concept, and the other taxa below the rank of

species are also checked in terms of their external morphology. As a result, Kengyilia pen~

dula L. B. Cai is reported as a new species; K. hirsuta var. obviaristata L. B. Cai is

raised to a species; K. melanthera (Keng) J. L. Yang, Yen et Baum is reduced to a vari-

ety under K. thoroldiana (Oliver) J. L. Yang, Yen et Baum; Roegneria hirsuta var. leio-

phylla Keng et S. L. Chen is reduced as a synonym of K. hirsuta var. hirsuta; Agropy-

ron thoroldianum var. lasciusculum Melderis is reduced to K. grandiglumis (Keng et S.

L. Chen) J. L. Yang, Yen et Baum; Roegneria rigidula var. intermedia Keng et S. L.

Chen to K. rigidula (Keng et S. L. Chen) J. L. Yang, Yen et Baum; R. hirsuta var.

variabilis Keng et S. L. Chen and R. rnelanthera var. tahopaica Keng et S. L. Chen to

K. hirsuta (Keng et S. L. Chen)J. L. Yang, Yen et Baum. In addition, new records on

the geographical distributions of some taxa are also reported in this paper.

Taxonomic and phytogeographic studies on the genus Aspidistra Ker-gawl.(Liliaceae) in China

LANG Kai-Yong, LI Guang-Zhao, LIU Yan, WEI Yi-Gang, WANG Ren-Xiang

1999, 37 (5): 468-508.

Abstract ( 0 )

Aspidistra is a genus mainly found in eastern Asia, with its distribution and dif-

ferentiation center in Guangxi of China. In the present paper, all the taxa hitherto recorded

in China are taxonomically and phytogeographically revised. As a result, 47 species are rec-

ognized, of which 45 are endemic to China and four are new to science, i. e. A. ebianensis

K. Y. Lang et Z. Y. Zhu, A. fenghuangensis K. Y. Lang, A. oblongifolia F. T. Wang

et K. Y. Lang and A. fosciaria G. Z. Li, A key to all species is provided and all the speci-

mens examined are cited.

Taxonomic studies of the fern genus Lepidomicrosorum Ching et Shing (Polypodiaceae) from China and neighboring regions

SHI Lei, ZHANG Xian-Chun

1999, 37 (5): 509-522.

Abstract ( 0 )

The genus Lepidomicrosorum was separated from Microsorum Link by Ching

and Shing in 1983. It is characterized by minute scattered sori covered with peltate and sub-

sessile paraphyses when young. Tagawa detected that Polypodium subhastatum Baker, the

type of this new genus, has this kind of paraphyses and thus transferred this species to

Neocheiropteris Christ in 1952, a genus with divided lamina. During our study of the Mi-

crosoroideae, a revision of Lepidomicrosorum from China and neighboring regions is made on

the basis of field and herbarium observation and evidence from anatomy, spore morphology,

ecology, and distribution. Lepidomicrosorum is recognized as an independent genus and the

demarcation line of its species is reconfirmed. Species with peltate scale-like paraphyses in

Microsorum were transferred to Lepidomicrosorum. As a result, two species are recognized

in this species, i.e.L．buergerianum (Miq.) Ching et Shing and L. hymenodes (Kunze)

L. Shi et X. C. Zhang.

A new species of Pellionia Gaud.(Urticaceae) from Yunnan, China

QIAN Yi-Yong

1999, 37 (5): 523-525.

Abstract ( 0 )

Five newly-recorded species in the genus Nitzschia from China

GUO Jian, LIU Shi-Cheng, LIN Jia-Han

1999, 37 (5): 526-528.

Abstract ( 0 )

When nanodiatoms ( < 20 µm) in the sonthern coastal waters of China were stud-

ied using tansmission electron microscopy (TEM), five species in the genus Nitzschia were

identified new to China. They were N. agnita Hustedt, N. aurariae Cholnoky, N. lacuum H. Lange-Bertalot, N. perspicua Cholnoky and N. pubens Cholnoky.

Current Issue