Journal of University of Chinese Academy of Sciences

Correction of karyotype of diploid Beesia calthifolia and discovery of a tetraploid cytotype

YANG Qin-Er

1999, 37 (1): 1-9.

Abstract ( 0 )

In this paper, the chromosomes of Beesia calthifolia were re-examined. In the 40

plant individuals of the population from Xinning County, Hunan Province, central China,

one was found to be tetraploid with the karyotype formula of 2n＝4x=32=16m+8sm＋4st

+ 4t, and the remaining were all found to be diploids with the karyotype formula of 2n＝2x

＝16=8m+4sm+2st+2t. All the 10 individuals of the population from Cangshan Moun-

tain, Dali City, Yunnan Province, southwestern China, were unexpectedly found to be te-

traploids with the karyotype formula of 2n＝4x＝32=16m+8sm+4st+4t. Tetraploid cy-

totype was reported in this species for the first time. Based on the results and those previous-

ly reported, it is considered that there may exist some errors in the results of the karyotype

analysis of this species previously reported by Shang(1985). He might have at least mistak-

enly recognized the centromere position of the fourth pair of chromosomes. This pair of chro-

mosomes should have subterminal rather than median centromeres. Furthermore, the kary-

otypic differences of B. calthifolia and B. deltophylla were analyzed and the systematic

position of the genus Beesia was discussed in detail.

Genetic divergence and analysis of the relationships between species of Mosla (Labiatae)

ZHOU Shi-Liang

1999, 37 (1): 10-19.

Abstract ( 0 )

Seven species were recognized in Mosla in China. M. pauciflora (C. Y. Wu)

C. Y. Wu et H. W. Li is an allotetraploid (2n=36 ), while the other six species are

diploids (2n=18). Cluster analysis based on allozyme data from 28 loci of 15 enzyme sys-

tems reveals that the six diploid species formed three species pairs. M. cavaleriei Lévl.is

closely related to M. dianthera (Buch.-Ham. ex Roxb. ) Maxim., M. chinensis and M.

hangchouensis Matsuda are sibling species, and M. scabra (Thunb.) C. Y. Wu et H. W.

Li is allied to M. soochouensis. Although M. cavaleriei and M. dianthera are close rela-

tives, considerable genetic divergence has been detected between them. One third of alleles

are unique to either of them, and 28.6 % of their loci have different alleles fixed. The aver-

age genetic identity ( 1 ) between populations of these two species is 0.770, and the average

genetic distance (D) is 0.261. M. scabra and M. soochouensis are the least divergent

species pair (I =0.979, D＝0.025). No completely divergent locus was detected, and the

percentages of unique alleles are 11.1% to M. scabra and 16.7 % to M. soochouensis. This

finding indicates that a high level of genetic differentiation is unnecessarily a prerequisite of

speciation. A moderate divergence is detected between M. chinensis and M. hangchouensis

(I＝0.899, D=0.107, and 7.1% of completely diverged loci) yet the latter harbors four

times as many unique alleles (45.1% ) as the former does(11.8 % ). Compared to the genetic

divergence between M. scabra and M. soochouensis, M. dianthera and M. hangchouen-

sis and may well been undergoing active speciation have the high genetic distance between

populations (0.034 and 0.026 respectively).

A study on cytotaxonomy of Sect. Anguinum of Allium

JING Wang-Chun, XU Jie-Mei, YANG Lei

1999, 37 (1): 20-34.

Abstract ( 0 )

Allium Sect. Anguinum G. Don (Liliaceae) includes five species and three vari-

eties. The results of investigation on 23 local populations, representing five species and one

variety of this section, are as follows: (1) In this section, the basic chromosome number is

x＝8, and the karyotypes of all the species belong to 2A type. All the populations have simi-

lar metaphase chromosomes. The similar karyotypical features support the viewpoint that

Sect. Anguinum is a natural taxon. (2) Despite the fact that the karyotypicat features appear

to be similar, karyotypical differences exist in some populations within the same species or

among the species. First, there are various levels of ploidy. Second, the occurrence, number

and shape of B chromosomes are variable among the populations. Third, as for the satellite

chromosomes, there is a polymorphism in occurrence of the tandem satellites. (3) Highly

sterile triploid of Allium ovalifolium has a kind of stolon and expands population by vegeta

tive propagation. (4) According to widely geographical distribution and relatively old geolog-

ical history of the geographical area, A. victorialis is considered as a primitive species in this

section. This species, by means of geographical (gradual) speciation, has evolved step by

step to the other species. (5) According to the geographical distribution and evolutionary

process of Sect. Anguinum, it is proposed that the region from the Hengduan Mountains to

the Qingling Range of China be the center of present distribution and differentiation of the

section.

The discovery of triploid Lycoris sprengeri Comes ex Baker from Anhui, China

ZHANG Ding-Cheng, SUN Ye-Gen, ZHENG Yan, SHAO Jian-Zhang

1999, 37 (1): 35-39.

Abstract ( 0 )

Lycoris sprengeri Comes ex Baker is endemic to China. Reported in the present

paper are the chromosomes number and karyotypes for two wild populations of the species

from Anhui. ( 1 )Caishi population has a karyotype 2n=33=9st+21t+3T. The length of

chromosomes ranges from 5.58～9.15μm. The karyotype belongs to Stebbin’s (1971)

“4A”. (2)Longyashan populations have two karyotypes. The karyotype formula of the type

I is 2n=22=8st+14t, with chromosomes ranging from 6.88～9.15μm. The karyotype

belongs to “4A”. The karyotype formula of the type Ⅱ is 2n＝22＝1m+1sm+14st+6t,

with chromosomes ranging from 7.20～15.80μm. The karyotype belongs to “3B”. The

triploid type of L. sprengeri was discovered in Anhui for the first time. The karyotype 2n=22 =1m+1sm+14st+6t in diploid type of this species is here reported for the first time.

The Robertsonian change plays a key role in karyotype evolution of Lycoris.

On the taxonomy of Phlegmariurus (Herter) Holub sect. Huperzioides H. S. Kung et L. B. Zhang (sect. nov.) with notes on the infrageneric classification of the genus Phlegmariurus in China

ZHANG Li-Bing, KUNG Hsian-Shiu

1999, 37 (1): 40-53.

Abstract ( 0 )

After the genus Phlegmariurus (Herter)Holub was proposed by J. Holub 1964,

the repercussions are different, with some botanists accepting it, while others refusing. We

take it as a separate genus since the related species from China are distinctly different from

those of Huperzia Bernh. The plants of this genus in China are classified into three sections:

Sect. Huperzioides H. S. Kung et L. B. Zhang, sect. nov.; Sect. Carinaturus (Herter)H.

S. Kung et L. B. Zhang, comb. nov. and Sect. Phlegmariurus. A key to sections is given.

The taxonomy on the new section, Sect. Huperzioides, is presented. Thirteen species are re-

ported in China, involving 4 new combinations: Ph. petiolatus (Clarke)H. S. Kung et L. B.

Zhang, Ph. cryptomerianus (Maxim.)Ching, Ph. ovatifolius (Ching)W. M. Chu, Ph.

nylamensis (Ching et S. K. Wu)H. S. Kung et L. B. Zhang; and 7 names are considered for

the first time as synonyms: Huperzia formosana Holub [ = Ph. taiwanensis Ching ], H.

austrosinica Ching [ = Ph. petiolatus ], Lycopodium mingchgense Ching [ = Ph.

mincheensis Ching ], Ph. mincheensis var. angustifolius C. Y. Ma [ = Ph. mincheensis ],

Ph. longyangensis C. Y. Ma [ = Ph. fordii ], Ph. nanus C. Y. Ma [ ＝ Ph. fordii ], Ph.

yandongensis Ching et C. F. Zhang [ ＝ Ph.fordii]. One new record in China is found: Ph.

hamiltonii.

Taxonomic studies of the genus Colysis C. Presl (Polypodiaceae) from China and neighboring regions

SHI Lei, ZHANG Xian-Chun

1999, 37 (1): 54-80.

Abstract ( 0 )

A revision is made of the genus Colysis from China and its adjacent regions on the

basis of field studies and herbarium observations. Nine species and one hybrid are recognized

based on the spore morphology, cytology and geographical distribution. Colysis elliptica is

divided into five varieties. Scale-like sporiangial paraphyses are found in sori of Colysis

wrightii for the first time.

A new section of the fern genus Polystichum Roth—Sect. Neopolystichum Ching

ZHANG Li-Bing, KUNG Hsian-Shiu

1999, 37 (1): 81-85.

Abstract ( 0 )

A new section (Sect. Neopolystichu Ching) of Polystichum Roth is described.

The lanceolate microscales on the lower surfaces of pinnules make this section very different

from Sect. Metapolystichum Tagawa(emend. Zhang & Kung, 1996). The new section is

taxonomically treated with seven species recorded in it. It is considered that P. kiusiuense

Tagawa is a synonym of P. grandifrons C. Chr. and it is very possible that P. biarista-

tum (B1.) Moore is not distributed in the Himalayas, Indo-China, Myanmar and Yunnan.

Aconitum jinchengense L. C. Wang et J. Silba, a new synonym of A. sinomontanum Nakai

YANG Qin-Er

1999, 37 (1): 86-86.

Abstract ( 0 )

A new variety of Cerasus from Shandong, China—Cerasus serrulata var. taishanensis

ZHANG Yi, SHI Chuan-Duo

1999, 37 (1): 87-87.

Abstract ( 0 )

Six new species of Impatiens L. from China

CHEN Yi-Ling

1999, 37 (1): 88-99.

Abstract ( 0 )

A new species of Microsorum (Polypodiaceae) from China

SHI Lei

1999, 37 (1): 100-102.

Abstract ( 0 )

A new species of the genus Carex from Shanghai, China

LIU Yong-Qiang, QIAN Shi-Xin

1999, 37 (1): 103-104.

Abstract ( 0 )

Two new species of the genus Armeniaca (Rosaceae)

ZHANG Jia-Yan, LU Mu-Nan, WANG Zhi-Ming

1999, 37 (1): 105-109.

Abstract ( 0 )

Nomenclatural notes on Exbucklandia (Hamamelidaceae)

ZHANG Zhi-Yun

1999, 37 (1): 110-112.

Abstract ( 0 )

Three different Latin names, i.e. Bucklandia R. Brown ex Griff., Symingtonia Steenis and Exbucklandia R. W. Brown, have been used for the same genus of the Hamamelidaceae in various botanical books and papers for a long time. Symingtonia Steenis has been widespread and cited as a valid Latin name for this genus. However, the present author found Exbucklandia R. W. Brown to be the only valid Latin name fro this genus and suggested to treat the other two Latin names as synonyms of this genus. The nomenclatural notes for the species are presented in the paper.

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