Journal of University of Chinese Academy of Sciences

Biosystematic Studies on Adenophora potaninii Korsh. Complex (Campanulaceae) Ⅳ. Allozyme Variation and Differentiation

GE Song, HONG De-Yuan

1998, 36 (6): 481-489.

Abstract ( 0 )

Fifteen natural populations representing all the taxa in Adenophora potaninii

complex were investigated using vertical slab polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis. Allozyme

data for ten loci of seven enzymes demonstrate high levels of genetic variation within popula-

tions, with the values of P＝0.40～0.70, A＝1.5～2.5 and He＝O.102～0.291. At spe-

cific level, there existed the highest variation in A. wawreana (A= 2.10, P=0.63, He

＝0.237), followed by those of A. lobophylla (A＝1.85, P=0.60, He＝0.204) and A.

potaninii (A＝1.83, P＝0.60, He ＝O.188). Based on Wright's F-statistics, the out-

crossing rates( t ) were 0.86 ( A.wawreana ), O.74 ( A.potaninii ) and 0.63 ( A.lobo-

phylla). The analysis on population genetic structure indicates that most variation resided

within populations, which is consistent with the high rate of outcrossing rates in the com-

plex. On the basis of genetic identity(I), cluster analysis shows that there was high genetic

divergence between A. lobophylla populations and A. wawreana-A, potaninii clade,

while no clear genetic difference was found between A. wawreana populations and A.

potaninii populations. Consequently, the present allozyme data justify the establishment of

A. lobophylla, but give no support for treating A. wawreana and A. potaninii as a sepa-

rate species.

Does Actaea asiatica Have the Most Symmetric and Primitive Karyotype in the Ranunculaceae?

YANG Qin-Er

1998, 36 (6): 490-495.

Abstract ( 0 )

Actaea asiatica was previously reported to have the most symmetric and primitive

karyotype, consisting of 10 m- and 6 sm-chromosomes, which is quite different from those of

the remaining species in the genus Actaea, consisting of 10 m-, 4 sm- and two T-chromo

somes. In this paper, the chromosomes of this species were re-examined. The results show

that Actaea asiatica has the same karyotype as the other species in the genus. Compared

with the species in other genera in the tribe Cimicifugeae, i.e. Beesia, Anemonopsis,

Souliea and Cimicifuga, Actaea asiatica, together with the remaining species of the

genus, has the most asymmetric and thus probably the most advanced karyotype in this tribe

because of the presence of two T- chromosomes in their chromosome complements. The two

T- chromosomes may serve as one of the most important cytological markers, by which the

species in Actaea are clearly distinguishable cytologically from those in Beesia, Anemonop-

sis, Souliea and Cimicifuga.

Pollen Morphology of Neottianthe (Orchidaceae) and Its Taxonomic Significance

XI Yi-Zhen, LANG Kai-Yong, HU Yu-Shi

1998, 36 (6): 496-502.

Abstract ( 0 )

The genus Neottianthe (Orchidaceae) consists of about 12 species in the world,

of which all are found in China and nine are endemic to China. The pollen morphology of this

genus is very specific in shape and composition. All pollen grains in Neottianthe are of a

compound pollen grain, called massula, in which of many monad pollen grains adhere togeth-

er. A massula is usually long and narrow trigonous cone in shape. Pollen grains can be divid-

ed into five types according to ornamentation, of exine surface: (A) pollen surface almost

smooth, or very obscurely fossete, (B)perforate, (C) fossulate or foveolate, (D) reticuloid,

and (E)typically reticulate. Neottianthe. calcicola, N. monophylla, N.pseudo-diphylax

and N. cucullata have been merged into one species, N. cucullata, by some taxonomists.

This treatment is not supported by the pollen morphological data, because pollen morphologi-

cal characteristics of above-mentioned four species are different from each other. Therefore,

pollen morphology shows that they are all independent at the specific level. Finally, it must

be stressed that N. camptoceras is uniquite in the genus Neottianthe for its pollen shape,

size and surface ornamentation of pollen exine.

Epidermal Characters of Rattan Stems and Their Taxonomic Implications

LIU Cheng-Gang, HU YU-Shi, LIN Jin-Xing

1998, 36 (6): 503-510.

Abstract ( 0 )

The stem epidermal characters of 21 species belonging to three genera (Calamus,

Daemonorops, Plectocomia) from China were investigated. The results show that the ar-

rangement of epidermal cells, stomatal types and occurrence of reflective body are of taxo-

nomic significance. Based on these features, epidermal cells of rattan stems can be divided

into three types and three subtypes. (1) Plectocomia-type: epidermal cells rectangle, wall-like

arranged; stomata tetracytic, found in P.himalayana Griff., P.microstachys Burret.

(2) Daemonorops-type: epidermal cells irregularly quadrilateral, net-like arranged; stomata

tetracytic, found in D. margaritae(Hance) Becc., D. jenkinsiana (Griff.) Mart. (3)

Calamus-type: Subtype A: epidermal cells hexagonal, net-like arranged; stomata tetracytic

or paracytic, found in C. henryanus Becc., C. tetradactylus Hance, C. viminalis Willd.

var. fasciculatus(Roxb.) Becc., C. flagellum Griff., C. gracilis Roxb., C. dioicus

Lour., C. melanoloma Mart., C. yunnanensis S. J. Pei et S. Y. Chen, C. nambariensis

Becc. var. yingjiangensis S. J. Pei et S. Y. Chen, C. multinervis Becc., C. nam-

bariensis Becc. var. xishuangbannaensis S. J. Pei et S. Y. Chen, C. balansaeanus Becc.

Subtype B: epidermal cells rectangle, wall-like arranged, with the long axes parallel to stem

axes; stomata shuttle tetracytic, found in C. australis Mart., C. bonianus Becc., C.

rhabdocladus Burret, C. compsostachys Burret. Subtype C: epidermal cells rectangle, anti-

clinal wall curved, wall-like arranged, with the long axes parallel to stem axes, found in C.

caryatoides Becc. In addition, the taxonomic implications of epidermal characters are dis-

cussed. It is possible to distinguish Calamus and Daemonorops by stem epidermal characters.

Chemical Characteristics of Oleoresin from Pinus bungeana Zucc. and Its Taxonomic Implication

SONG Zhan-Qian, LIANG Zhi-Qin, LIU Xing

1998, 36 (6): 511-514.

Abstract ( 0 )

The chemical characteristrics of oleoresin from Pinus bungeana Zucc. was stud-

ied. It contains 25 contents. The amount of its monoterpenes is about 47.0% and that of β-

pinene is as high as 24.8%. The chemical compositions of oleoresins of 16 species from sub-

gen. Strobus and subgen. Pinus were also analyzed by GC and GC-MS. The amounts of

isopimaric acid, palustric acid/levopimaric acid, lambertianic acid and abietic acid in P.

bungeana oleorensin differ from that of subgen. Strobus, and is similar to that of subgen.

Pinus .

Yinpingmudan, the Wild Relative of the King of Flowers, Paeonia suffruticosa Andrews

HONG De-Yuan, PAN Kai-Yu, XIE Zhong-Wen

1998, 36 (6): 515-520.

Abstract ( 0 )

Paeonia suffruticosa Andrews subsp. spontanea (Rehder) S. G. Haw et L. A.

Lauener ( ＝P. spontanea ＝ P. jishanensis) has been considered as the wild form of widely

cultivated P. suffruticosa. However, the subspecies differs from the cultivated one in

shape, division and indumentum of leaves and reproductive biology. As a result of extensive

field work, a form with two individuals in Yinping Shan, Caohu, Anhui, and Songxian,

Henan, are found to be extremely similar to P. suffruticosa, but apparently different from

P. jishanensis. The form is considered to be the wild one of P. suffruticosa and described

as new: P. suffruticosa subsp, yinpingmudan Hong, K. Y. Pan et Z. W. Xie.

A Taxonomic Study of Huperzia Bernh.(s. s.) Sect. Huperzia in China

ZHANG Li-Bing, KUNG Hsian-Shiu

1998, 36 (6): 521-529.

Abstract ( 0 )

The fern-allied genus Huperzia Bernh. (sen. str. ) is divided into two sections:

Sect. Huperzia and Sect. Serratae (Rothm.)Holub. The circumscription of Sect. Huperzia

is revised. The classification of this section in China is presented. Twelve species and one va-

riety are recognized here, including one new combination, H. quasipolytrichoides (Hayata)

Ching var. rectifolia (J. F. Cheng)H. S. Kung et L. B. Zhang, two new synonyms, H.

hupehensis Ching and H. whangshanensis Ching et P. C. Chiu.

New Material of Carex Section Rhomboidales from China (2)

LIANG Song-Yun

1998, 36 (6): 530-537.

Abstract ( 0 )

Paeonia rockii and Its One New Subspecies from Mt. Taibai, Shaanxi of China

HONG De-Yuan

1998, 36 (6): 538-543.

Abstract ( 0 )

The history of exploration and classification of Paeonia rockii is reviewed in the

present paper. Two allopatric subspecies in this species are recognized. The new subspecies,

subsp, taibaishanica Hong, found on northern slope of the Qingling Range has leaflets ovate

or rounded, totally or mostly lobed. P. rockii subsp, linyanshanii T. Hong et G. L. Osti

is found to be a superfluous name of P. rockii subsp, rockii.

New Taxa of Orychophragmus (Cruciferae) from China

TAN Zhong-Ming, XU Jie-Mei, ZHAO Bing-Xiang, ZHANG Xiao-Liang

1998, 36 (6): 544-548.

Abstract ( 0 )

A New Species of Lobelia (Campanulaceae) from Xizang (Tibet), China

ZHENG Wei-Lie, LUO Da-Qing

1998, 36 (6): 549-550.

Abstract ( 0 )

A New Variety of Alpinia from China

ZHAO Zhi-Li, DONG Hui, QIN Min-Jian, XU Luo-Shan

1998, 36 (6): 551-551.

Abstract ( 0 )

A New Species of the Genus Cycas from Hainan Island, China

LIU Nian

1998, 36 (6): 552-554.

Abstract ( 0 )

The Genus Hattoria of Jungermanniaceae New to China

YI Yan-Jun, GAO Qian

1998, 36 (6): 555-557.

Abstract ( 0 )

Progress in Studies on Floral Development of Angiosperms and Some Consideration on Future Studies

SUN Kun, CHEN Jia-Kuan, CHEN Zhi-Duan

1998, 36 (6): 558-568.

Abstract ( 0 )

With the advent of new methods and techniques, floral development has been ex-

tensively studied in many groups of angiosperms recently. These studies have resulted in

notable progress and greatly increased our knowledge about the diversity of floral structure and

developmental patterns as well as phylogenetic relationship of angiosperms. This field is be-

coming an active and exciting one in systematics of flowering plants. The present paper re-

viewed this progress from four aspects: (1) the methods of studies on floral development;

(2) floral development and the diversity of floral structure; (3) floral development and phy-

logeny of angiosperms; (4) molecular genetics of floral development. In addition, several fu-

ture directions and some problems needing attention in this field are discussed: (1) extensive

studies on floral developmental studies of extensive species of angiosperms and comparison of

floral structures among them; (2) research of floral development of homeotic flowers as well

as their systematic and evolutionary value; (3) floral structure should be studied from the

viewpoint of dynamics, because the structure of plants can be seen as a spatio-temporal pro-

cess, and the use of structural categories in systematics may distort the natural dynamics.

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