This article summarizes the characterization parameters of hydropohobic solid surface, the influencing factors on hydrophobicity, and theoretical models and the hot spots in hydrophobicity research. The history of hydrophobicity research in insect body surface and the preparation methods of hydrophobic materials are reviewed. The existing problems in hydrophobicity research and the inspiration for biomimetic materials are discussed.

Suppose {Z_n;n=0,1,2,…} is a branching random walk in the random environment, and ξ ={ξ₀,ξ₁,ξ₂, …} is the environment process. Let Z(n,x) be the number of the nth generation located in the interval (-∞, x], f_ξn(s)=∑^∞_j=0 p_ξn(j)s^j be the generating function of the distribution of the particle in the nth generation, and m_ξn=f_ξn^' (1). We show that under the specific conditions, there exists a sequence of random variables {t_n}, so that Z(n,t_n)(∏_i=0^n-1m_ξi)^-1 converges in L². For branching random walks in varying environments, we have similar results.

By using CFD technology, the flow field of a blockerless thrust reverser experiment model with the bypass ratio of 9 was simulated. Variations in reverser efficiency, cascade flow ratio, and the injection flow ratio with the injection parameter was described. Based on detailed analysis of the thrust reverser flow characteristics, we found that the location of secondary injection, slot angle, and slot width have great impacts on the performance of thrust reversers. The optimum value of injection parameter can then be obtained.

D-GSH and 1-L-Glutamyl-D-Cysteinylglycine were used as stabilizers to promote CdTe evolution in aqueous solution. We have studied the UV-Vis spectra of CdTe QDs by controlling reflux time and found that tiny differences between D-GSH and 1-L-Glutamyl-D-Cysteinylglycine in molecular structure can result in different surface states of CdTe QDs, leading to different fluorescent properties. We also discuss the reasons for these differences.

A method for calculation of the sun’s location in the satellite’s body coordinate system is proposed in order to measure the solar irradiance using solar irradiance absolute radiometer on the sun synchronous orbit satellite. First, the sun’s location in the inertial coordinate system is calculated using the VSOP87 theory. Then, the sun’s location in the satellite’s body coordinate system is obtained by coordinate transformation. Finally, the satellite’s instantaneous orbital elements of high accuracy are generated based on the mean orbital elements to simulate the precision for calculation of the sun’s location. The simulation shows that the accuracy for the calculation of the sun’s location is within 0.19°.

Based on analyses of several available methods to solve corner problem in the boundary element method, we propose a new algorithm, single corner method. The new algorithm inherits merits of the double corner method and dual-node method, improves the solution precision, and overcomes the boundary deform problem.

Trees are one of the most important natural features in the forest virtual scene rendering. The three-dimensional visualization model is proposed based on formal language of parametric and random L-system. According to the viewpoint in the spatial position, the model dynamically classifies stand levels of details which are described by various processing for rendering. By adjusting L-system iteration, models of hierarchical storage of tree, and bill-board approach, these levels of details are rendered separately. Experimental results show that this approach is an effective way to simulate forest virtual scene and it meets three-dimensional reality and real-time visualization requirements.

We use the frequency analysis, theoretical analysis, and expert consultation methods to build an index system, and estimate the capacity of the sustainable utilization of energy and mineral resources in Wu-Chang region by AHP. The conclusions are as follows: 1) the indexes of the resources scale and support system show significant fluctuations, forming troughs in 1999 and 2005, respectively; 2) the economic resources system index shows an upward trend; 3) environmental pressure and environmental management system indexes show obvious rising phase characteristics; and 4) the sustainable capacity indexes of the energy and mineral resources utilization in Wu-Chang region show steady increasing trends.

The high molecular weight glutenin subunit(HMW-GS) composition and the swelling index of glutenin(SIG) of 49 spring wheat varieties in Qinghai province were determined to assess the genetic diversity of Glu-1 loci and the quality of the spring wheat. 15 HMW subunit patterns were observed. For the Glu-1 loci, 13 alleles were detected: 2 at the Glu-A 1 locus, 7 at the Glu-B 1 locus, and 4 at the Glu-D 1 locus. Statistic analysis revealed the necessity of improving the poor quality of spring wheat in Qinghai province.

The performance may be reduced by the path between transmission and reception in a bad state in wireless communication systems using space-time codes(STCs).An STC called multi-rate linear dispersion codes(LDC) is proposed and analyzed, and its BER performance is a good trade-off between classical LDC and LDC-TAS. A design of multi-rate LDC based on extended matrix method is given. Further, an algorithm of adaptive transmit antenna selection(A-TAS) with multi-rate LDC is proposed, and it has better performance than classical LDC-A-TAS.

We present a fast filtering algorithm to solve the problem that traditional filtering algorithm filters the interferometry fringe very slowly. First the complex multiplication of the single-look-complex images of the two channels is implemented to generate InSAR complex data. Then azimuth multi-look processing and fast mean filter are done to the real and imaginary parts of the InSAR complex data, respectively, to produce the interferometry fringe. Finally, the fast median and mean filters are done to the interferometry fringe. During the filtering, the window information of the neighborhood pixels is adequately used to reduce the computation to a great extent and enhance the filtering speed with the filtering quality mainteined. Comparison with the real InSAR data filtered shows effectiveness of the algorith.

The CLEAN algorithm, which is often used in the image processing, is incorporated effectively into SAR (synthetic aperture radar) imaging algorithm, and a SAR image side-lobes reduction method based on CLEAN is proposed. By analyzing the process of this method and comparing the imaging results of point target with the oceanic sparse scene imaging results of the RADARSAT-1 raw data, we come to the conclusion that the proposed method can effectively suppress the side-lobes of the targets while preserving the SAR image resolution.

Based on the characteristics of the ScanSAR mode, the mechanisms of scalloping effect are analyzed. A detailed description of TOPSAR in terms of data acquisition principle, signal characteristics, and processing algorithm is presented. Simulations for the point targets using ScanSAR and TOPSAR are implemented and the results show that TOPSAR has solved the problem of periodical modulation of the amplitude in ScanSAR.

For non-strictly repetitive linear time-variant continuous systems, both the iterative initial conditions and the reference trajectories are iteration-varying within a bound. We present a kind of iterative learning controller with a rectifying action to the non-strictly repetitive tracking. The proposed controller can make the output tracking error beyond the initial time interval converge to a residual set whose size depends on the estimation error of input matrix. Especially, when the accurate input matrix is known, the output tracking error beyond the initial time interval can approach zero.

We propose a cross-layer optimal design for the two layers: medium access and routing. First, an energy consumption function is discussed based on CSMA transmission mechanism. Secondly, the path cumulative energy consumption routing policy is proposed based on CSMA transmission energy consumption. An optimal programming model is established, and it aims at not only minimization of the total energy consumption, but also maximization of the network lifetime. The amount of transmission at each node in the network can be achieved by solving the programming model and it is the basis of the calculation of the network lifetime. One numerical example shows that the cross-layer model is efficient.

Most of existing localization algorithms of wireless sensor networks need the distance information between nodes and have many drawbacks. We propose a localization algorithm that does not need the distance information between nodes, and those drawbacks can be avoided. This algorithm only needs two anchors, and the locations of the anchors can be arbitrary. Simulation results show that this algorithm has good performance.

We pose the definition of Σ-private private information retrieval (PIR) protocol,and then construct a Σ-private PIR protocol based on verifiable secret sharing(VSS)scheme on general access structure . We also construct an efficient robust Σ-private PIR protocol based on robust multiplication protocol and the database is also secure. The corresponding communication complexity is dependent on the size of the access structure and is efficient for minority of servers.

An HPLC method for simultaneous determination of oxysophocarpine, sophoridine, and matrine was proposed. VP-ODS column (150 mm × 4.6 mm, 5 μm) was used in the experiment. Column temperature was 40 ℃, mobile phase was 0.01 mol/L phosphate buffer solution (pH 8.5)-methanol (40 ∶60), UV detection wavelength was 215nm, and flow rate was 1.0 mL/min. The results indicated that the three kinds of alkaloid were separated effectively and showed good linearity within the selected concentration range.

We analyze the basic theory of Huynen target decomposition methods. We also analyze the basic concepts of Barnes-Holm decomposition and Yang decomposition and emphasize their complementarity and improvement to the original Huynen target decomposition. Finally, the practical polarimetric data sets are used to examine the three target decomposition methods and the advantages and disadvantages of the three methods are analyzed.

Stripmap mode, spotlight mode, and sliding spotlight mode are the three SAR working modes. We present a comprehensive and systematic study for demonstrating differences among the three imaging modes in imaging geometry model, azimuth frequency course, range cell migration, antenna scanning velocity, azimuth mapping strip width, azimuth resolution, and echo equations. Simulation results further confirm the differences among the three modes. By comparing these three modes, we conclude that stripmap SAR and spotlight SAR can be considered as the two special cases of sliding spotlight SAR.