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中国科学院大学学报 ›› 2001, Vol. 39 ›› Issue (6): 502-514.DOI: 10.7523/j.issn.2095-6134.2001.6.002

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国产12种乌头属和18种翠雀属植物的细胞学研究

杨亲二   

  • 收稿日期:1900-01-01 修回日期:1900-01-01 发布日期:2001-11-10
  • 通讯作者: 杨亲二

Cytologyof 12 species in Aconitum L. and of 18 species in Delphinium L. of the tribe Delphineae (Ranunculaceae) from China

YANG Qin-Er   

  • Received:1900-01-01 Revised:1900-01-01 Published:2001-11-10
  • Contact: YANG Qin-Er

摘要:

研究了12种乌头属Aconitum L.和18种翠雀属Delphinium L.植物的染色体。在12种乌头属植物中,除粗花乌头A.crassiflorum为四倍体(2n=4x=32)外,其他种类都为二倍体(2n=2x=16),中甸乌头 A.piepunense中有B染色体存在,牛扁亚属Aconitum subgen.Lycoctonum的二倍体植物与乌头亚属Aconitum subgen.Aconitum 植物的染色体在大小和形态上有明显区别;所有18种翠雀属植物都为二倍体(2n=2x=16),其染色体在大小和形态上极为相似,但与乌头亚属的染色体易于区别。翠雀属植物的核型不对称性程度明显高于乌头属植物,因此从染色体证据来看,翠雀属要比乌头属进化。

关键词: 乌头属, 翠雀属, 染色体, 核型进化

Abstract:

Cytology of 12 species in Aconitum L. and of 18 species in Delphinium L. of the tribe
Delphineae (Ranunculaceae) from China have been investigated. Only A. crassiflorum is a tetra-
ploid with the chromosome number of 2n = 32, and all the other Aconitum species studied are dip-
loids with 2n = 16. In A. piepunense, up to six B-chromosomes were observed. All the Delphinium
species are diploids with 2n = 16; their karyotypes are very similar among the species, and are dis-
tinctly distinguishable from those of Aconitum species with respect to the chromosome size, chromo-
some morphology and karyotype asymmetry. From a cytological view, Delphinium seems to be more
advanced than Aconitum, as the karyotypes in Delphinium are more asymmetric than those in Aconi-
tum.

Key words: Aconitum L., Delphinium L., Chromosome, Karyotype evolution