济南市PM2.5中多环芳烃的季节变化特征及健康风险评价

doi:10.7523/j.issn.2095-6134.2014.03.014

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

使用中流量颗粒物采样器采集济南市2011年春、夏、秋、冬季大气气溶胶中PM_2.5样品，并利用气相色谱-质谱（GC-MS）对PM_2.5样品中的16种多环芳烃（PAHs）进行分析，研究PM_2.5中PAHs的季节变化特征和来源.结果显示，PM_2.5中16种PAHs的全年总浓度变化范围为1.94～92.19 ng·m^-3，且浓度水平具有季节性变化特征，秋、冬季灰霾天PAHs浓度明显升高.诊断参数法和主成分分析法分析指出机动车尾气排放、煤燃烧和生物质燃烧是PM_2.5中PAHs的主要污染源.4个季节灰霾天的BEQ平均值和CR平均值均高于清洁天，秋、冬季灰霾天BEQ平均值（5.32ng·m^-3，8.65 ng·m^-3）和CR平均值（5.85×10^-6，8.88×10^-6）明显高于春、夏季灰霾天的BEQ值（3.31ng·m^-3，2.63ng·m^-3）和CR值（3.64×10^-6，2.89×10^-6），表明济南市秋、冬季灰霾污染的健康风险高.

关键词: PM_2.5, 多环芳烃, 灰霾, 源解析, 健康风险评价

Abstract:

PM_2.5 samples were collected during the four seasons of 2011 in Jinan using a sampler of medium-flow capacity, and 16 kinds of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) bounded to PM_2.5 were analyzed by GC-MS to investigate their seasonal variations and sources. The results indicated that annual total PAHs concentration in PM_2.5 ranged from 1.94 to 92.19 ng·m^-3, showing obvious seasonal variations, and it apparently increased during the haze periods in autumn and winter. Diagnostic ratio (DR) and principal component analysis (PCA) results suggested that the PAHs in PM_2.5 were mainly derived from vehicle emission, coal combustion, and biomass burning. The mean values of BEQ and CR observed during the haze periods were higher than those during the clean periods. During the haze periods in autumn and winter, the mean values of BEQ (5.32 ng·m^-3, 8.65 ng·m^-3) and CR(5.85×10^-6, 8.88×10^-6) were higher than the BEQ values (3.31 ng·m^-3, 3.64×10^-6) and the CR values (2.63 ng·m^-3, 2.89×10^-6) in spring and summer, respectively. BEQ and CR values indicated that haze pollution in autumn and winter would seriously impair human health in Jinan.

Key words: PM_2.5, polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), haze, source apportionment, health-risk assessment

中图分类号:

杨飞, 杨凌霄, 孟川平, 朱艳红, 姚兰, 芦亚玲, 袁琦, 隋潇, 王文兴. 济南市PM_2.5中多环芳烃的季节变化特征及健康风险评价[J]. 中国科学院大学学报, 2014, 31(3): 389-396.

YANG Fei, YANG Lingxiao, MENG Chuanping, ZHU Yanhong, YAO Lan, LU Yaling, YUAN Qi, SUI Xiao, WANG Wenxing. Seasonal variation and health-risk assessment of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in PM_2.5 in Jinan[J]. , 2014, 31(3): 389-396.

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