五味子科植物花粉形态及其系统学意义

中国科学院大学学报 ›› 2000, Vol. 38 ›› Issue (5): 437-445.

五味子科植物花粉形态及其系统学意义

孙成仁

收稿日期:1900-01-01 修回日期:1900-01-01 发布日期:2000-09-10
通讯作者: 孙成仁

Pollen morphology of the Schisandraceae and its systematic significance

SUN Cheng-Ren

Received:1900-01-01 Revised:1900-01-01 Published:2000-09-10
Contact: SUN Cheng-Ren

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

用光镜和扫描电镜观察了五味子科Schisandraceae23种、6变种和1变型的91份花粉的形态。其

中5种、4变种和1变型的花粉形态为首次报道。该科花粉为单花粉，异极，辐射对称，扁球形至超扁球

形，其萌发沟的排列格局在被子植物中是独一无二的。若按萌发沟的数目划分，该科花粉可分为3沟型

和6沟型两个类型。外壁为网状纹饰，网眼的大小和网脊的宽度与花的形态有一定相关性。研究结果

不支持Praglowski对该科花粉用网眼大小来划分类型的作法，认为对他关于3长沟汇聚的一极即花粉的

远极的结论应作进一步探讨；不支持一些学者认为南五味子属Kadsura比五味子属Schisandra原始的观

点。根据研究结果可认为，南五味于属的总体演化水平高于五味子属，它们可能是源于共同祖先、沿两

条不同的路线平行演化的两个近缘类群。

关键词: 五味子科, 五味子属, 南五味子属, 花粉形态

Abstract:

Pollen morphology of 91 samples, representing 23 species, 6 varieties and 1 form of the

Schisandraceae, was examined under light microscope (LM) and scanning electron microscope

(SEM). Palynological data of 5 species, 4 varieties and 1 form are reported for the first time. The

pollen grains are monads, heteropolar, radiosymmetric and oblate to peroblate in shape. Arrangement

of their colpi is unique in angiosperms. The pollen grains can be divided into two types according to

the number of their clopi: the tricolpate pollen type and the hexacolpate pollen type. The exine

sculpturing is reticulate. The size of luminae and the breadth of muri are correlated with the floral

morphology of the Schisandraceae to a certain extent. Our results do not support the division of the

pollen grains of the Schisandraceae into 4 types according to the size of luminae as proposed by Pra-

glowski. There is also still room of discussion about his conclusion that the pole where the three

longer colpi converge is the distal pole. The evolutionary trends of the pollen grains of the Schisan-

draceae seem to be from fewer to more in the number of colpi, and from smaller to larger in the size

of luminae. The view that Kadsura is more primitive than Schisnadra is not supported by palynolog-

ical data; on the contrary, Kadsura seems to be more advanced than Schisandra at the general level

of evolution. The two genera may be closely related, and might have originated from a common an-

cestor and then evolved parallelly along two different routes.

Key words: Schisandraceae, Schisandra, Kadsura, Pollen morphology

孙成仁. 五味子科植物花粉形态及其系统学意义[J]. 中国科学院大学学报, 2000, 38(5): 437-445.

SUN Cheng-Ren. Pollen morphology of the Schisandraceae and its systematic significance[J]. , 2000, 38(5): 437-445.

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