北京城区大气污染物“周末效应”分析

doi:10.7523/j.issn.2095-6134.2015.06.017

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

对2013年北京市城区12个空气质量自动监测子站的数据进行分析,探讨大气污染物的"周末效应"及O₃出现"周末效应"的原因.结果如下:SO₂的日变化规律为单峰型曲线,在上午11:00出现峰值;且周末SO₂平均小时浓度均高于工作日浓度,一天内的平均偏差为15.57%.NO₂的日变化规律为双峰型曲线,峰值出现在08:00和22:00;且在00:00-18:00之间,周末NO₂平均小时浓度高于工作日,一天内的平均偏差为7.50%.PM₁₀和PM_2.5在工作日的日变化规律均为双峰型曲线;在周末为波浪型曲线,且周末平均小时浓度均高于工作日浓度,一天内的平均偏差分别为17.84%和20.22%.北京市城区O₃的日变化规律呈单峰型曲线,在16:00出现峰值.O₃的"周末效应"表现为11:00-24:00之间周末O₃浓度高于工作日,且各前体物的浓度也高于或接近工作日浓度.可能的原因之一是在O₃抑制阶段,周末NO浓度明显低于工作日浓度,导致NO对O₃的抑制作用在周末要弱于工作日,有利于O₃的生成;原因之二是前体物CO浓度在周末升高,促进了O₃的生成,导致O₃浓度升高.

关键词: 北京, 大气污染物, NO₂, PM_2.5, O₃, 周末效应

Abstract:

Observed data at 12 air-quality monitoring stations in urban Beijing in 2013 were analyzed for investigating the weekend effect of air pollutants and the reasons of weekend effect of O₃. Diurnal variation of SO₂ showed a single-peak curve with the peak at 11:00. Average hourly concentrations of SO₂ in weekends were higher than those on weekdays, with a daily average deviation of 15.57%. Diurnal variation of NO₂ showed a bimodal curve with the peaks at 08:00 and 22:00. Average hourly concentrations of NO₂ from 00:00 to 18:00 were higher in weekends than those on weekdays, with a daily average deviation of 7.50%. Diurnal variations of PM₁₀ and PM_2.5 showed bimodal curves on weekdays, while showed wave-shape curves in weekends. Average hourly concentrations of PM₁₀ and PM_2.5 in weekends were higher than those on weekdays with daily average deviations of 17.84% and 20.22%, respectively. Diurnal variation of O₃ in urban Beijing showed a single-peak curve with the peak at 16:00. Concentrations of O₃ from 11:00 to 24:00 were higher in weekends than those on weekdays, and concentrations of its precursors in weekends were higher than or close to those on weekdays. One possible reason was that the inhibition of NO on O₃ was weaker in weekends than that on weekdays in the O₃ suppression stage, which was favorable for the formation of O₃. The second reason was that concentration of CO in weekends was higher than that on weekdays, which promoted the formation of O₃ and led to weekend effect of O₃.

Key words: Beijing, air pollutants, NO₂, PM_2.5, O₃, weekend effect

中图分类号:

X513

王占山, 李云婷, 董欣, 孙瑞雯, 孙乃迪, 潘丽波. 北京城区大气污染物“周末效应”分析[J]. 中国科学院大学学报, 2015, 32(6): 843-850.

WANG Zhanshan, LI Yunting, DONG Xin, SUN Ruiwen, SUN Naidi, PAN Libo. Analysis on weekend effect of air pollutants in urban atmosphere of Beijing[J]. , 2015, 32(6): 843-850.

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