Simulation of the effects of physical structures of riparian buffers on dispersion of traffic pollutants in urban areas of Beijing

doi:10.7523/j.issn.2095-6134.2014.01.012

Abstract

Abstract:

This study explores the effects of physical structures of riparian buffers (RBs) on the dispersion of traffic pollutants in north moat of Beijing. The results show that the RBs with different physical structures correspond to different distributions of ground concentrations of traffic pollutants (ρ) and different landing locations with the maximum concentration (x_ρmax) in different seasons. Specifically, the horizontal distance between RB and line source has the strongest effect on x_ρmax, and the vertical distance between RB and line source has also effects on both ρ and x_ρmax.

Key words: ground concentration, landing location with the maximum concentration, vertical distance between riparian buffer and line source, horizontal distance between riparian buffer and line source, riparian width, meteorological parameters

CLC Number:

X171

WU Fangfang, ZHANG Na, CHEN Xiaoyan. Simulation of the effects of physical structures of riparian buffers on dispersion of traffic pollutants in urban areas of Beijing[J]. , 2014, 31(1): 74-84.

References

[1] Chan C K, Yao X H. Air pollution in mega cities in China[J]. Atmosphere Environment, 2008, 42(1): 1-42.

[2] Keller J, Lamprecht R. Road dust as an indicator for air pollution transport and deposition: an application of SPOT imagery[J]. Remote Sensing of Environment, 1995, 54: 1-2.

[3] Shade T S, Robert C B. Weekly periodicity of environmental variables in Phoenix, Arizona[J]. Atmosphere Environment, 1995, 40: 304-310.

[4] Li T Z, Wang W, Li X G. Impact analysis of motor vehicles on air pollution in urban transport planning[J]. Journal of Transportation Systems Engineering and Information Technology, 2005, 5(2): 90-96(in Chinese). 李铁柱, 王炜, 李修刚. 城市交通规划中机动车污染影响分析技术及其应用[J]. 交通运输系统工程与信息, 2005, 5(2): 90-96.

[5] Du G, Zhang J X. Study on pollution status and distribution character of ambient particulate in typical cities[J]. Modern Scientific Instruments, 2006(2): 69-70(in Chinese). 杜刚, 张见昕. 辽宁省典型城市大气中颗粒物污染状况及分布特征研究[J]. 现代科学仪器, 2006(2): 69-70.

[6] Neofytou P, Venetsanos A G, Rafailidis S. Numerical investigation of the pollution dispersion in an urban street canyon[J]. Environmental Modelling and Software, 2006, 21: 525-531.

[7] Kaur S, Nieuwenhuijsen M J, Colvile R N. Pedestrian exposure to air pollution along a major road in central London, UK[J]. Atmospheric Environment, 2005, 39: 7307-7320.

[8] Motelay-Massei A, Garban B, Tiphagne-larcher K, et al. Mass balance for polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in the urban watershed of Le Havre (France): transport and fate of PAHs from the atmosphere to the outlet[J]. Water Research, 2006, 40: 1995-2006.

[9] Tsihrintzis V A, Hamid R. Modeling and management of urban stormwater runoff quality: a review[J]. Water Resources Management, 1997, 11: 137-164.

[10] Chen B L, Xuan X D, Zhu L Z, et al. Distributions of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in surface waters, sediments and soils of Hangzhou city, China[J]. Water Research, 2004, 38: 3558-3568.

[11] Gregory S V, Swanson F J, Mckee W A, et al. An ecosystem perspective of riparian zones[J]. Bioscience, 1991, 41: 540-551.

[12] Naiman R J. Watershed management: balancing sustainability and environmental change[M]. New York: Springer Verlag, 1992: 542.

[13] Deng H B, Wang Q C, Wang Q L. On riparian forest buffers and riparian management[J].Chinese Journal of Applied Ecology, 2001, 12(6): 951-954(in Chinese). 邓红兵, 王青春, 王庆礼. 河岸植被缓冲带与河岸带管理[J]. 应用生态学报, 2001, 12(6): 951-954.

[14] Beckett K P, Freer-Smith P H, Taylor G. Urban woodlands: their role in reducing the effects of particulate pollution[J]. Environmental Pollution, 1998, 99(3): 347-360.

[15] Wu Z M, Joe R, McBride, et al. Effects of urban forest on air pollution in Hefei city[J]. Journal of Chinese Urban Forestry, 2003, 1(1): 39-43(in Chinese). 吴泽民, Joe R, McBride, 等. 合肥城市森林减少大气污染的效果[J]. 中国城市林业, 2003, 1(1): 39-43.

[16] Beckett K P, Freer-Smith P H, Taylor G. Effective tree species for local air quality management[J]. Journal of Arboriculture, 2000, 26(1): 12-19.

[17] Lovett G M, Lindberg S E. Concentration and deposition of particles and vapors in a vertical profile through a forest canopy[J]. Atmosphere Environment, 1992, 26: 1469-1476.

[18] Beckett K P, Freer-Smith P H, Taylor G. The capture of particulate pollution by trees at five contrasting urban cities[J]. Journal of Arboriculture, 2000, 24: 209-230.

[19] Chai Y X, Zhu N, Han H J. Dust removal effect of urban tree species in Harbin[J].Chinese Journal of Applied Ecology, 2002, 13(9): 1121-1126(in Chinese). 柴一新, 祝宁, 韩焕金. 城市绿地树种的滞尘效应:以哈尔滨市为例[J]. 应用生态学报, 2002, 13(9): 1121-1126.

[20] Wen D Z, Kong G H, Zhang D Q, et al. Ecophysiological responses of 30 gardens plants species exposed to short-term air pollution[J]. Acta Phytoecologica Sinica, 2003, 27(3): 311-317(in Chinese). 温达志, 孔国辉, 张德强, 等. 30种园林植物对短期大气污染的生理生态反应[J]. 植物生态学报, 2003, 27(3): 311-317.

[21] Qiu Y, Guan D S, Song W W, et al. The dust retention effect of urban vegetation in Huizhou, Guangdong province[J]. Acta Ecologica Sinica, 2008, 28(6): 2456-2462(in Chinese). 邱媛, 管东生, 宋巍巍, 等. 惠州城市植被的滞尘效应[J]. 生态学报, 2008, 28(6): 2456-2462.

[22] 陈自新, 苏雪痕, 刘少宗, 等. 北京城市园林绿化生态效益的研究[J]. 中国园林, 1998, 14(6): 55-56.

[23] Zhao Y, Li S R, Yan Z P. The effect of greenland an absorbed dust and its assessment method[J]. Journal of Huazhong Agricultural University, 2002, 21(6): 582-586(in Chinese). 赵勇, 李树人, 阎志平. 城市绿地的滞尘效应及评价方法[J]. 华中农业大学学报, 2002, 21(6): 582-586.

[24] Zhong K, Kang Y M, Wang C P, et al. Influence of afforestation of cities on urban road air pollutants diffusion[J]. China Environmental Science, 2005, 25(Suppl.): 6-9 (in Chinese). 钟珂, 亢燕铭, 王翠萍, 等. 城市绿化对街道空气污染物扩散的影响[J]. 中国环境科学, 2005, 25(增): 6-9.

[25] Zhou Z X, Shao Y T, Wang P C, et al. The spatial structures and the dust retention effects of greenland types in the workshop district of Wuhan iron and steel company[J]. Acta Ecologica Sinica, 2002, 22(12): 2036-2040(in Chinese). 周志翔, 邵一天, 王鹏程, 等. 武钢厂区绿地景观类型空间结构及滞尘效应[J]. 生态学报, 2002, 22(12): 2036-2040.

[26] Yin S, Cai J P, Chen L P, et al. Effects of vegetation status in urban green spaces on particles removal in a canyon street atmosphere[J]. Acta Ecologica Sinica, 2007, 27(11): 4590-4595(in Chinese). 殷杉, 蔡静萍, 陈丽萍, 等. 交通绿化带植物配置对空气颗粒物的净化效益[J]. 生态学报, 2007, 27(11): 4590-4595.

[27] 邓卓智, 冯雁. 北护城河的生态修复[J]. 水利规划与设计, 2007, 6: 14-16.

[28] 张征, 沈珍瑶, 韩海荣, 等.环境评价学[M]. 北京: 高等教育出版社, 2006: 295-297.

[29] JTJ005—96. 公路建设项目环境影响评价规范[S]. 中华人民共和国交通部, 1996.

[30] 孙德智, 梁文艳, 李敏, 等. 城市交通道路环境空气质量监测与评价[M]. 北京: 中国环境科学出版社, 2010: 149.

[31] 中华人民共和国国家统计局. 2008年国家统计局统计年鉴[M]. 北京:中国统计出版社, 2008.

[32] Bi X Y, Liu F, Wu D. Comparison of some limit for stability classification[J]. Journal of Tropical Meteorology, 2005, 21(4): 402-409 (in Chinese). 毕雪岩, 刘烽, 吴兑. 几种大气稳定度分类标准计算方法的比较分析[J]. 热带气象学报, 2005, 21(4): 402-409.

[33] HJ633—2012. 环境空气质量指数(AQI)技术规定(试行)[S]. 中华人民共和国环境保护部, 2012.