Integrated multimode interference (MMI) coupler based on silicon-on-insulator(SOI) has been becoming a kind of more and more attractive device in optical systems. SiO₂ thin cladding layers (＜1.0 μm) can be usedin SOI waveguide due to the large index step be-tween Si and SiO₂, making them compatible with VLSI technology. The design and fabrica-tion of MMI optical couplers and optical switches in SOI technology are presented in thepa-per. We demonstrated the switching time of 2 × 2 MMI-MZI thermo-optical switch is less than 20 μs.

A multi-phase model of human blood plasma was developed and the Tb( Ⅲ) specia-tion in this system was studied. The results show that the speciation of Tb( Ⅲ ) depends onthe concentration of Tb( Ⅲ ). When the concentration of Tb( Ⅲ ) is below 4. 000 × 10^-8 mol/L,most of Tb ( Ⅲ ) exists as soluble species while the concentration of Tb ( Ⅲ ) is in between4. 000× 10^-8 mol/L and 1. 667 × 10^-2 mol/L, precipitates (TbPO₄ and Tb₂ (CO₃)₃) are thedominant species of Tb(Ⅲ). Among soluble Tb(Ⅲ) species, Tb( Ⅲ) is mostly bound to thetransferrin to form [Tb(Tf)] when the concentration of soluble Tb(Ⅲ) is below 1.0 × 10^-4mol/L. The concentration of soluble Tb(Ⅲ) reaches 1.0 × 10^-4mol/L, thus available trans-ferrin is exceeded, and soluble Tb(Ⅲ) ions mainly distribute in [Tb(HSA)], [Tb₂ (Tf)],[Tb(Ox)] and [Tb(Cit)] etc.

The solid liquid phase change process in sphere with moving interface was solved using moving heat sources method in convective boundary conditions. The influences of the radius of sphere, the latent heat of material and the convective conditions on phase change process were analyzed. Considering the variational convective conditions in real solid liquid phase change process, a feasible solution is constructed. This solution can be used to validate numerical method and to present necessary comparable data for the experimental results. The method and the calculated results have important practical values for the design and applicationof phase change materials.

In the process of CSR alignment, SMX Laser tracker will be used to build the survey control networks and locate the magnets. We will collectmuch data and deal with them by calculating. In order to treat so much data, a relational database with SQL SERVER2000 was built to store the data. Applications for data access and analysis were developed with visual C++. Open database connectivity (ODBC) was used to access the database. Describes the procedure of the development of the SQL database and the applications.

Proposes a method for seeking the upper bounds of maximum linear bias for these ciphers. This technique consists of two steps. Firstly, we give the mathematical relationship between linear bias of ciphers and linear bias of round function F and S box respectively by carrying out strictly mathematical expression of linear bias for ciphers. Next we determine the upper bounds of linear bias for ciphers. Using this method we give the upper bounds of linear bias within 32 rounds.

Remote sensing image interpolation requires preserving the information of source image as much as possible, improving the image resolution, being appropriate for people to observe, and so forth. Presents wavelet bilinear interpolation algorithm, which is suit to remote sensing image. It has been found that the algorithm can obtain higher SNR and better image effect compared with bilinear interpolation.

The contribution rate of different kinds of sources to air pollution concentration is analyzed using numerical simulation experiment. The treating priority of sources is assessed, and the macroscopic measures to optimize the investments are put forward. Based on the macroscopic measures, the maximum emission is determined through optimum control methods. In consequence, the multi object control is accomplished through two steps.At last, the efficiency of control measures is discussed. The study is a new progress of the methods and measures to control air pollution in urban areas.

A joint inversion of 3 D velocity structure and hypocenter positions was used in Jiashi nearfield data processing. Velocity imaging over the depth of 20 km has been obtained. The results show that velocity structure over the depth of 8 km is strongly and horizontally heterogeneous. Characteristics of sedimentary cover of several kilometers in this region is revealed. Velocity imaging at 12～18 km depths shows two low velocity zones, one trending NE and the other NW. They intersect below the meizoseismal area, revealing characteristics of earthquake occurrence tectonics in this region. Obvious difference exist in crust structure along the EW and the SN direction in the meizoseismal area and on the two sides of the strong earthquake sequence zone. This is one of the deep backgrounds of strong earthquakes development.

An optimal design of the scaled superconducting cavity for high intensity proton lin-ac is illustrated and the influences of the various geometric parameters of different cavity shapeover SC cavity characteristics are discussed in detail. On this basis, a scaled test cavity and itscalculation results are presented.

Fourier transform is presented and applied to monthly composited NDVI data over one year derived from NOAA AVHRR to examine the frequency distribution of the multi temporal signal. It is shown that frequencies of the time series of NDVI are linked to integrated NDVI and seasonal variabilities of different periods of the land cover types. The zero frequency component, or mean NDVI, indicates overall productivity. The 1/12 month^-1 frequency component summarizes the relative dominance of annual habit of land cover types over China. The introduction of these characteristic phenology parametersextracted from time series of NDVI into feature space improves the separabilities based on Bhattacharya Distances for land cover types. This research indicates that Fourier transform provides a useful tool for handling temporal sequences of AVHRR data and studying the vegetation phenology.

A simple and convenient synthesis approach for metal oxide nanodot films has been reported. Porous anodic alumina (PAA) films with ordered nanocave arrays were fabricated firstly and used as template materials. Then the metals were evaporated on the surface of the PAA template following with oxidization in air. The prepared metal oxide thin films have highly ordered hemispherical nanodot arrays arranged in a hexagonal pattern. The density of the nanodots in the array is about 2×10¹³ /m² with dot diameters and heights about 100 nm and 45 nm, respectively.

Using cheap catalysis to substitute expensive metal and low cost carbon monoxide to replace hydrogen or phosgene has been pursuing by the people for many years. The paper reviewed the selenium catalyzed carbonylation reaction such as the carbonylation of carbon, nitrogen, oxygen and sulfur containing compounds and high selective reduction of some compounds based on the Se/CO/H₂O system and introduced some new progress. Catalytic amount selenium readily activated carbon monoxide under very mild conditions to synthesize a series of fine chemicals and biochemicals directly. Catalyst selenium combined advantages from heterogeneous catalysis and homogeneous catalysis is a typical example of reaction process transfer catalysis. Selenium catalyzed carbonylation reaction has been characterized by high conversion, atom economical selectivity and environmentally benign and is superior to the traditional multi step method which involves the use of phosgene.

s Strangeness of hypernuclear physics has been attracting increasing interests in recent years.Starting with a general introduction to strangeness and its importance in understanding the structure of matter and the physics of strong interaction,we survey the current status on both experimental and theoretical progress in strangeness nuclear physics,and on the problems need to be resolved.

Massive dust aerosols from the Northwest Africa exporting to the research region (50°W～20°W, 10°N～25°N) during the summer season, with a peak in July, are regularly ob-served by satellite. Dust aerosols are confined within the layer between two inversions. Themain effect of them is to heat the lower troposphere, but cool the surface, so the presence ofdust may cause a stabilizing effect on the temperature lapse rate, then affect the ocean low-lev-el stratus cover. Attempt to illustrate these relations based mainly on the satellite measure-ment of cloud and dust amount in July for six years (1984～1989). The results show that, inthis location, the presence of dust may influence the stratus cover through media of static sta-bility, although the signal is not easy to be revealed due to a few disturbances of undesirablefactors.

Based on the total energy conservation, two important algorithms, the total energy conservation algorithm and the symplectic algorithm, are established for the sphericalshallow water equations. Also, the relation of two algorithms is analyzed; and the numerical tests show the efficiency of the algorithms.

m,p Trifluoromethylbenzonitrile are useful intermediates for synthesis of pharmaceuticals and agricultural chemicals.The article discloses that m, p chlorobenzotrifluoride are converted to m, p trifluoromethylbenzonitrile using Ni(P(C₆H₅)₃)₃ as catalyst which give 87.0% and 82.7% conversion respectively. The catalyst is prepared in situ from anhydrous NiCl 2 with PФ 3 in the presence of a reducing powder in a single reactor vessel. The reaction occurs under simple, mild conditions and easily to be controlled and has been carried out in a commercial scale.

Self-assembled organic molecules, including alkylated phthalocyanines, porphyrinand adenine, physisorbed on graphite surface have been stabilized and dispersed on the basalplane of graphite by using linear alkyl substituents as molecular anchors, and have been sys-tematically studied under ambient conditions, with the combination of scanning tunnelling mi-croscopy and molecular mechanics simulation. In addition, scanning tunnelling microscopymeasurements have been performed to characterize the conductance behaviour of thiol/Au andphthalocyanines LB films/HOPG, as well as the capillary condensed liquid meniscus formedaround tip-substrate contact.

We have explored several ways to design and prepare nitrogen-, sulfur-functional-groups based on ligands and the structure of related coordinationsupramolecular complexeswith one-dimensional (1D) chains, two-dimensional (2D) and three-dimensional (3D) net-works having organic molecular components and/or metal-metal interactions by using transi-tion metal ions and organic ligands. Summarizes their syntheses, structures and properties,including conductivity and magnetic properties. The following aspects are discussed: (1) a se-ries of metal supramolecular complexes; (2) design and synthesis of the ligands based on nitro-gen-sulfur- and carboxylate-fuctional groups and the structures of related complexes; and (3)studies of series of copper cyanide complexes.

The aminoacyl-tRNA synthetases (aaRSs) catalyze the esterification of amino acidsto their cognate tRNAs. They are specific for both amino acid and tRNA substrates to ensurethe high fidelity required by translation. Leucyl-tRNA synthetase (LeuRS) in one of aaRSsand belongs to class Ⅰ aaRSs. In order to investigate the interaction between LeuRS andtRNA^Leu, it was necessary that large amount of in vivo tRNA^Leu were isolated and various mu-tants of tRNA^Leu was obtained in vitro. In the present work Escherichia coli tRNA^Leu₁ andtRNA^Leu₂ were overproduced in Escherichia coli MT102 and isolated from the transformants,respectively. The kinetic constants of LeuRS for the tRNA^Leu were the same with previous da-ta. The leucine accepting ability of the unmodified tRNA^Leu₁ and tRNA^Leu₂ transcribed in vitrohad little difference, but only one fourth that of the modified ones. It was found avariant(LeuRS-A) of Escherichia coli LeuRS carrying a 40 residue-long duplication in its connectivepeptide 1 (CP1) domain has a 3 fold lower specificity for tRNA^Leu₁ than for tRNA^Leu₂, whereasthe native enzyme had the same specificity for their isoacceptors. By in vitro generation of aseries tRNA^Leu mutants we found that the difference on the first base pair in the acceptor stemsof the two tRNA^Leu isoacceptors lead to the different rates of leucylation catalyzed by LeuRS-Aand the flexibility of the acceptor stem of tRNA^Leu might play a key role in its recognition bythe synthetase.

Produces a new chaotic system, which is a critical system betweem the Lorenz andChen systems. At the same time, we introduce a unified chaotic system with single parameter,called Lorenz system families, which contains the Lorenz and the Chen systems as two dualsystems at the two extremes of its parameter spectrum, and acritical system as a transitionsystem. Based on the study of the chaos synchronization between linearly coupled multi-sys-tems, presents a new method mode decomposition for analyzing the stability of synchroni-zation solution, some sufficient conditions for synchronization are gained from rigorouslymathematical analysis for the first time. Finally, Introduces several new chaos generators,switching piecewise-linear controllers, which can create simultaneously n, or one with multi-ple merged basins of attraction chaotic attractors from a 3-D linear system within a wide rangeof parameter values.