城市公园绿地可达性时空变化及影响因素——以乌鲁木齐市为例

doi:10.7523/j.issn.2095-6134.2021.03.008

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 公园绿地作为城市重要的公共资源，可在提升城市宜居性、增强居民福祉方面发挥重要作用。基于GIS技术，采用最小距离法及考虑地形的行进成本法，分析2007—2017年乌鲁木齐市中心城区公园绿地可达性时空变化特征及影响因素，以期为乌鲁木齐公园绿地的优化布局提供科学依据。结果表明：1）乌鲁木齐中心城区公园绿地面积持续增长，空间分布呈现出“南多北少”的特征；2）2007—2017年中心城区公园绿地的空间和时间可达性均提升较大，截至2017年，93.14%的居民点能够在5 min内到达距其最近的公园绿地；空间可达性呈现出从中心向外围逐级递减的“圈层”式分布特征，而时间可达性呈现出从中心向外围逐渐降低的“T”字型分布特征；3）路网密度、公园绿地面积、形状指数及距居民点空间距离对公园绿地可达性决定力显著，路网密度和公园绿地距居民点距离是关键因素；4）绿地布局变化是东西方向公园绿地可达性提升的主要原因，道路网络改善对南北方向公园绿地可达性有积极作用，且两者分别对5 min内和5~30 min可达区域的面积增加贡献较大。

关键词: 公园绿地, 可达性, 时空变化, 影响因素, 乌鲁木齐

Abstract: As an important public service resource of the city, park green space plays an increasingly important role in improving livability of the city and enhancing well-being of residents. Based on GIS technology, this paper analyzes the temporal and spatial variation characteristics and influence factors of urban park green space accessibility in central area of Urumqi from 2007 to 2017, using the minimum distance method and the travel cost method considering the topographic factor, so as to provide scientific basis for layout of the green space of Urumqi parks. The results show that:1)The area of green park in central city of Urumqi continues to grow, and the spatial distribution shows a characteristic of "more in the south and less in the northsouth more north and less north". 2)From 2007 to 2017, the spatial and time accessibility of the green park in the central city increased greatly. The spatial accessibility shows a "circle layer" distribution feature, and time accessibility shows a "T"-shaped distribution feature. Both of them show a characteristic:gradually decreasing from the center to the periphery. Additionally,93.14% of the settlements can reach the nearest park green space within 5 min by 2017. 3)The density of road network, the area and shape index of park green space and the linear distance from residential space have significant influence on the accessibility of park green space. The density of road network and the distance between park green space and residential space are the key factors. 4)The change of green space layout is a main reason for the improvement of the accessibility in east-west direction,and it contributes more to the increase of accessible area within 5 min. The improvement of road network has a positive effect on the accessibility of park green space in the north-south direction, which plays an important role in area expansion with 5-30 min. The improvement of road network is the main reason for the improvement of green park accessibility in Urumqi.

Key words: park green space, accessibility, spatial-temporal variations, influence factors, Urumqi

中图分类号:

K901.2
X24

刘韬, 杨德刚, 张豫芳, 蔡天毅. 城市公园绿地可达性时空变化及影响因素——以乌鲁木齐市为例[J]. 中国科学院大学学报, 2021, 38(3): 350-359.

LIU Tao, YANG Degang, ZHANG Yufang, CAI Tianyi. Spatial-temporal change and influence factors of park green space accessibility in arid area: taking Urumqi as an example[J]. Journal of University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, 2021, 38(3): 350-359.

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