中国鸢尾属植物根茎中异黄酮类成分分布的初步研究及其系统学意义

中国科学院大学学报 ›› 2000, Vol. 38 ›› Issue (4): 343-349.

中国鸢尾属植物根茎中异黄酮类成分分布的初步研究及其系统学意义

秦民坚,徐珞珊,田中俊弘,王强,徐国钧

收稿日期:1900-01-01 修回日期:1900-01-01 发布日期:2000-07-10
通讯作者: 秦民坚

A preliminary study on the distribution pattern of isoflavones in rhizomes of Iris from China and its systematic significance

QIN Min-Jian, XU Luo-Shan, Toshihiro Tanaka, WANG Qiang, XU Guo-Jun

Received:1900-01-01 Revised:1900-01-01 Published:2000-07-10
Contact: QIN Min-Jian

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

本文对鸢尾属Iris 22个种(基本上包括了各个亚属的代表)及其近缘属植物射干属Belamcanda的

射干 B．chinensis(L．)DC．进行了根茎的异黄酮类成分的比较分析研究。结果表明，鸢尾属植物和射干

中普遍具有异黄酮类成分，这是它们的特征性成分之一。根据化学成分的特征，鸢尾属可以分为两大类

群：只含异黄酮甙元的类群和既含异黄酮甙又含甙元的类群。从化学成分的分布特征来看，无附属物亚

属subgen．Limniris只含异黄酮甙元，是一个比较自然的类群。鸡冠状附属物亚属subgen．Crossiris，除小

花鸢尾 I．speculatrix Hance外，是一个较自然的类群。野鸢尾亚属subgen．Pardanthopsis和射干属的成分

非常相似，有着密切的亲缘关系，是鸢尾属中原始的类群。从化学成分特征来看，野鸢尾亚属与琴瓣鸢

尾亚属subgen．Xyridion、鸡冠状附属物亚属、须毛状附属物亚属subgen．Iris都有着一定的联系。根据化

学成分、孢粉学、细胞学等特征，认为：华夏鸢尾I．cathayensis Migo和长白鸢尾I．mandshurica Maxim．为

无附属物亚属与须毛状附属物亚属两亚属之间的过渡类型。小花鸢尾是无附属物亚属向鸡冠状附属物亚属过渡的中间类型。扁竹兰I．confusa Sealy和扇形鸢尾I．wattii Baker可能是同一个种。

关键词: 鸢尾属, 射干属, 异黄酮, 系统学

Abstract:

A comparative isoflavonoid analysis of 22 species of Iris, representing almost all the sub-

genera, and one species of its allied genus Balamcanda, B. chinensis (L.) DC. was carried out

by TLC, with iridin, tectoridin, irigenin, tectorigenin, irisfloretin, dichotomin, wogonin, rhamna-

zin, apocynin, androsin being used as authentic compounds. The results show that the isoflavones

are the characteristic constituents of Iris and Belamcanda. According to the distribution pattern of

isoflavones, the Iris species here studied can be divided into 2 groups; one contains isoflavonoid ag-

lycons, while the other contains both glycosides and isoflavonoid aglycons. From the point view of

chemosystematics, subgen. Limniris contains isoflavonoid aglycons only and might be a natural

group; subgen. Crossiris might be also a natural group when Iris speculatrix Hance is excluded;

subgen. Pardanthopsis is similar to B. chinensis in the chemical constituent might be a primitive

group in Iris and has close relationship with subgen. Crossiris, subgen. Xyridion and subgen.

Iris. Based on the evidence from phytochemistry, palynology and cytology, Iris cathayensis Migo

and I. mandshurica Pall. are considered intermediate groups between subgen. Limniris and sub-

gen. Iris and I. speculatrix Hance an intermediate group between subgen. Limniris and subgen.

Crossiris, while I. confusa Sealy and I. wattii Baker might be conspecific.

Key words: Iris, Belamcanda, Isoflavones, Systematics

秦民坚,徐珞珊,田中俊弘,王强,徐国钧. 中国鸢尾属植物根茎中异黄酮类成分分布的初步研究及其系统学意义[J]. 中国科学院大学学报, 2000, 38(4): 343-349.

QIN Min-Jian, XU Luo-Shan, Toshihiro Tanaka, WANG Qiang, XU Guo-Jun. A preliminary study on the distribution pattern of isoflavones in rhizomes of Iris from China and its systematic significance[J]. , 2000, 38(4): 343-349.

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